path: root/libevmasm/Assembly.h

/*
    This file is part of solidity.

    solidity is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    solidity is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with solidity.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/

#pragma once

#include <libevmasm/Instruction.h>
#include <libevmasm/SourceLocation.h>
#include <libevmasm/AssemblyItem.h>
#include <libevmasm/LinkerObject.h>
#include <libevmasm/Exceptions.h>

#include <libdevcore/Common.h>
#include <libdevcore/Assertions.h>
#include <libdevcore/SHA3.h>

#include <json/json.h>

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <memory>

namespace dev
{
namespace eth
{

using AssemblyPointer = std::shared_ptr<Assembly>;

class Assembly
{
public:
    Assembly() {}

    AssemblyItem newTag() { return AssemblyItem(Tag, m_usedTags++); }
    AssemblyItem newPushTag() { return AssemblyItem(PushTag, m_usedTags++); }
    AssemblyItem newData(bytes const& _data) { h256 h(dev::keccak256(asString(_data))); m_data[h] = _data; return AssemblyItem(PushData, h); }
    AssemblyItem newSub(AssemblyPointer const& _sub) { m_subs.push_back(_sub); return AssemblyItem(PushSub, m_subs.size() - 1); }
    Assembly const& sub(size_t _sub) const { return *m_subs.at(_sub); }
    Assembly& sub(size_t _sub) { return *m_subs.at(_sub); }
    AssemblyItem newPushString(std::string const& _data) { h256 h(dev::keccak256(_data)); m_strings[h] = _data; return AssemblyItem(PushString, h); }
    AssemblyItem newPushSubSize(u256 const& _subId) { return AssemblyItem(PushSubSize, _subId); }
    AssemblyItem newPushLibraryAddress(std::string const& _identifier);

    void append(Assembly const& _a);
    void append(Assembly const& _a, int _deposit);
    AssemblyItem const& append(AssemblyItem const& _i);
    AssemblyItem const& append(std::string const& _data) { return append(newPushString(_data)); }
    AssemblyItem const& append(bytes const& _data) { return append(newData(_data)); }
    /// Pushes the final size of the current assembly itself. Use this when the code is modified
    /// after compilation and CODESIZE is not an option.
    void appendProgramSize() { append(AssemblyItem(PushProgramSize)); }
    void appendLibraryAddress(std::string const& _identifier) { append(newPushLibraryAddress(_identifier)); }

    AssemblyItem appendJump() { auto ret = append(newPushTag()); append(solidity::Instruction::JUMP); return ret; }
    AssemblyItem appendJumpI() { auto ret = append(newPushTag()); append(solidity::Instruction::JUMPI); return ret; }
    AssemblyItem appendJump(AssemblyItem const& _tag) { auto ret = append(_tag.pushTag()); append(solidity::Instruction::JUMP); return ret; }
    AssemblyItem appendJumpI(AssemblyItem const& _tag) { auto ret = append(_tag.pushTag()); append(solidity::Instruction::JUMPI); return ret; }
    AssemblyItem errorTag() { return AssemblyItem(PushTag, 0); }

    template <class T> Assembly& operator<<(T const& _d) { append(_d); return *this; }
    AssemblyItems const& items() const { return m_items; }
    AssemblyItem const& back() const { return m_items.back(); }
    std::string backString() const { return m_items.size() && m_items.back().type() == PushString ? m_strings.at((h256)m_items.back().data()) : std::string(); }

    void onePath() { if (asserts(!m_totalDeposit && !m_baseDeposit)) BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidDeposit()); m_baseDeposit = m_deposit; m_totalDeposit = INT_MAX; }
    void otherPath() { donePath(); m_totalDeposit = m_deposit; m_deposit = m_baseDeposit; }
    void donePaths() { donePath(); m_totalDeposit = m_baseDeposit = 0; }
    void ignored() { m_baseDeposit = m_deposit; }
    void endIgnored() { m_deposit = m_baseDeposit; m_baseDeposit = 0; }

    void popTo(int _deposit) { while (m_deposit > _deposit) append(solidity::Instruction::POP); }

    void injectStart(AssemblyItem const& _i);
    std::string out() const;
    int deposit() const { return m_deposit; }
    void adjustDeposit(int _adjustment) { m_deposit += _adjustment; if (asserts(m_deposit >= 0)) BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidDeposit()); }
    void setDeposit(int _deposit) { m_deposit = _deposit; if (asserts(m_deposit >= 0)) BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidDeposit()); }

    /// Changes the source location used for each appended item.
    void setSourceLocation(SourceLocation const& _location) { m_currentSourceLocation = _location; }

    /// Assembles the assembly into bytecode. The assembly should not be modified after this call.
    LinkerObject const& assemble() const;
    bytes const& data(h256 const& _i) const { return m_data.at(_i); }

    /// Modify (if @a _enable is set) and return the current assembly such that creation and
    /// execution gas usage is optimised. @a _isCreation should be true for the top-level assembly.
    /// @a _runs specifes an estimate on how often each opcode in this assembly will be executed,
    /// i.e. use a small value to optimise for size and a large value to optimise for runtime.
    /// If @a _enable is not set, will perform some simple peephole optimizations.
    Assembly& optimise(bool _enable, bool _isCreation = true, size_t _runs = 200);
    Json::Value stream(
        std::ostream& _out,
        std::string const& _prefix = "",
        const StringMap &_sourceCodes = StringMap(),
        bool _inJsonFormat = false
    ) const;

protected:
    /// Does the same operations as @a optimise, but should only be applied to a sub and
    /// returns the replaced tags.
    std::map<u256, u256> optimiseInternal(bool _enable, bool _isCreation, size_t _runs);

    std::string locationFromSources(StringMap const& _sourceCodes, SourceLocation const& _location) const;
    void donePath() { if (m_totalDeposit != INT_MAX && m_totalDeposit != m_deposit) BOOST_THROW_EXCEPTION(InvalidDeposit()); }
    unsigned bytesRequired(unsigned subTagSize) const;

private:
    Json::Value streamAsmJson(std::ostream& _out, StringMap const& _sourceCodes) const;
    std::ostream& streamAsm(std::ostream& _out, std::string const& _prefix, StringMap const& _sourceCodes) const;
    Json::Value createJsonValue(std::string _name, int _begin, int _end, std::string _value = std::string(), std::string _jumpType = std::string()) const;

protected:
    // 0 is reserved for exception
    unsigned m_usedTags = 1;
    AssemblyItems m_items;
    std::map<h256, bytes> m_data;
    std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Assembly>> m_subs;
    std::map<h256, std::string> m_strings;
    std::map<h256, std::string> m_libraries; ///< Identifiers of libraries to be linked.

    mutable LinkerObject m_assembledObject;
    mutable std::vector<size_t> m_tagPositionsInBytecode;

    int m_deposit = 0;
    int m_baseDeposit = 0;
    int m_totalDeposit = 0;

    SourceLocation m_currentSourceLocation;
};

inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& _out, Assembly const& _a)
{
    _a.stream(_out);
    return _out;
}

}
}