replace some prints() with outs(),

replace some outs() with outc(),
replace some fprintf() with fputs(),
and so on.

for performance.
and don't treat user input as format string.


git-svn-id: http://opensvn.csie.org/pttbbs/trunk/pttbbs@2055 63ad8ddf-47c3-0310-b6dd-a9e9d9715204

31 files changed, 240 insertions, 247 deletions

diff --git a/mbbsd/admin.c b/mbbsd/admin.c
index a1a879f7..96b65ccd 100644
--- a/mbbsd/admin.c
+++ b/mbbsd/admin.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ m_loginmsg()
   clrtobot();
   if(SHM->loginmsg.pid && SHM->loginmsg.pid != currutmp->pid)
     {
-      prints("¥Ø«e¤w¸g¦³¥H¤Uªº ¶i¯¸¤ô²y³]©w½Ð¥ý¨ó½Õ¦n¦A³]©w..");
+      outs("¥Ø«e¤w¸g¦³¥H¤Uªº ¶i¯¸¤ô²y³]©w½Ð¥ý¨ó½Õ¦n¦A³]©w..");
       getmessage(SHM->loginmsg);
     }
   getdata(22, 0, 
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ setperms(unsigned int pbits, char * const pstring[])
 	else {
 	    pbits ^= (1 << i);
 	    move(i % 16 + 4, i <= 15 ? 24 : 64);
-	    prints((pbits >> i) & 1 ? "£¾" : "¢æ");
+	    outs((pbits >> i) & 1 ? "£¾" : "¢æ");
 	}
     }
     return pbits;
@@ -911,7 +911,7 @@ scan_register_form(char *regfile, int automode, int neednum)
 	move(1, 0);
 	clrtobot();
 	prints("¦U¦ì¨ã¦³¯¸ªøÅv­­ªº¤H¡Aµù¥U³æ²Ö¿n¶W¹L¤@¦Ê¥÷¤F¡A³Â·Ð±zÀ°¦£¼f %d ¥÷\n", neednum);
-	prints("¤]´N¬O¤j·§¤G¤Q¤À¤§¤@ªº¼Æ¶q¡A·íµM¡A±z¤]¥i¥H¦h¼f\n¨S¼f§¹¤§«e¡A¨t²Î¤£·|Åý§A¸õ¥X³é¡IÁÂÁÂ");
+	outs("¤]´N¬O¤j·§¤G¤Q¤À¤§¤@ªº¼Æ¶q¡A·íµM¡A±z¤]¥i¥H¦h¼f\n¨S¼f§¹¤§«e¡A¨t²Î¤£·|Åý§A¸õ¥X³é¡IÁÂÁÂ");
 	pressanykey();
     }
     memset(fdata, 0, sizeof(fdata));
@@ -980,7 +980,7 @@ scan_register_form(char *regfile, int automode, int neednum)
 	    if (neednum > 0 && ans[0] == 'q') {
 		move(2, 0);
 		clrtobot();
-		prints("¨S¼f§¹¤£¯à°h¥X");
+		outs("¨S¼f§¹¤£¯à°h¥X");
 		pressanykey();
 		ans[0] = 's';
 	    }
@@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@ scan_register_form(char *regfile, int automode, int neednum)
 		    for (n = 0; field[n]; n++)
 			prints("%s: %s\n", finfo[n], fdata[n]);
 		    move(9, 0);
-		    prints("½Ð´£¥X°h¦^¥Ó½Ðªí­ì¦]¡A«ö <enter> ¨ú®ø\n");
+		    outs("½Ð´£¥X°h¦^¥Ó½Ðªí­ì¦]¡A«ö <enter> ¨ú®ø\n");
 		    for (n = 0; reason[n]; n++)
 			prints("%d) ½Ð%s\n", n, reason[n]);
 		} else
@@ -1031,9 +1031,8 @@ scan_register_form(char *regfile, int automode, int neednum)
 			    for(i = 0; buf[i] && i < sizeof(buf); i++){
 				if (!isdigit(buf[i]))
 				    continue;
-				snprintf(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf),
-				    "[°h¦^­ì¦]] ½Ð%s", reason[buf[i] - '0']);
-				fprintf(fp, "%s\n", genbuf);
+				fputs("[°h¦^­ì¦]] ½Ð", fp);
+				fputs(reason[buf[i] - '0'], fp);
 			    }
 
 			    fclose(fp);
@@ -1050,7 +1049,7 @@ scan_register_form(char *regfile, int automode, int neednum)
 		    }
 		move(10, 0);
 		clrtobot();
-		prints("¨ú®ø°h¦^¦¹µù¥U¥Ó½Ðªí");
+		outs("¨ú®ø°h¦^¦¹µù¥U¥Ó½Ðªí");
 	    case 's':
 		if ((freg = fopen(regfile, "a"))) {
 		    for (n = 0; field[n]; n++)
@@ -1060,7 +1059,7 @@ scan_register_form(char *regfile, int automode, int neednum)
 		}
 		break;
 	    default:
-		prints("¥H¤U¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¸ê®Æ¤w¸g§ó·s:\n");
+		outs("¥H¤U¨Ï¥ÎªÌ¸ê®Æ¤w¸g§ó·s:\n");
 		mail_muser(muser, "[µù¥U¦¨¥\\Åo]", "etc/registered");
 		if(muser.uflag2 & FOREIGN)
 		    mail_muser(muser, "[¥X¤J¹ÒºÞ²z§½]", "etc/foreign_welcome");
@@ -1203,7 +1202,7 @@ give_money()
 	money = atoi(buf);
 	if (money <= 0) {
 	    move(2, 0);
-	    prints("¿é¤J¿ù»~!!");
+	    outs("¿é¤J¿ù»~!!");
 	    pressanykey();
 	    return 1;
 	}
@@ -1226,7 +1225,7 @@ give_money()
     getdata(1, 0, "¬õ¥]³U¼ÐÃD ¡G", tt, TTLEN, DOECHO);
     move(2, 0);
 
-    prints("½s¬õ¥]³U¤º®e");
+    outs("½s¬õ¥]³U¤º®e");
     pressanykey();
     if (vedit("etc/givemoney.why", NA, NULL) < 0) {
         fclose(fp2);
diff --git a/mbbsd/announce.c b/mbbsd/announce.c
index 092723db..844a6f72 100644
--- a/mbbsd/announce.c
+++ b/mbbsd/announce.c
@@ -243,16 +243,16 @@ a_newitem(menu_t * pm, int mode)
 			currboard[0], currboard, buf);
 		break;
 	    case 1:
-		snprintf(lpath, sizeof(lpath), "%s%s/%c/%s",
-			BBSHOME, "/man/boards/", buf[0], buf);
+		snprintf(lpath, sizeof(lpath), BBSHOME "/man/boards/%c/%s",
+			buf[0], buf);
 		break;
 	    case 2:
-		snprintf(lpath, sizeof(lpath), "%s%s%s",
-			BBSHOME, "/", buf);
+		snprintf(lpath, sizeof(lpath), BBSHOME "/%s",
+			buf);
 		break;
 	    case 3:
-		snprintf(lpath, sizeof(lpath), "%s%s%s",
-			BBSHOME, "/etc/", buf);
+		snprintf(lpath, sizeof(lpath), BBSHOME "/etc/%s",
+			buf);
 		break;
 	    }
 	    if (dashf(lpath)) {
@@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ void BlogMain(int num)
     showtitle("³¡¸¨®æ", genbuf);
     while( !exit ){
 	move(1, 0);
-	prints("½Ð¿ï¾Ü±z­n°õ¦æªº­«§@:\n"
+	outs("½Ð¿ï¾Ü±z­n°õ¦æªº­«§@:\n"
 	       "0.¦^¨ì¤W¤@¼h\n"
 	       "1.»s§@³¡¸¨®æ¼ËªO®æ¦¡\n"
 	       "  ¨Ï¥Î·sªº config ¥Ø¿ý¤U¼ËªO¸ê®Æ\n"
diff --git a/mbbsd/bbs.c b/mbbsd/bbs.c
index 27e93996..f0acc4ec 100644
--- a/mbbsd/bbs.c
+++ b/mbbsd/bbs.c
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ save_violatelaw()
 	return 0;
     }
     move(5, 0);
-    prints("\033[1;37m§Aª¾¹D¶Ü? ¦]¬°§Aªº¹Hªk "
+    outs("\033[1;37m§Aª¾¹D¶Ü? ¦]¬°§Aªº¹Hªk "
 	   "¤w¸g³y¦¨«Ü¦h¤Hªº¤£«K\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[1;37m§A¬O§_½T©w¥H«á¤£·|¦A¥Ç¤F¡H\033[m\n");
+    outs("\033[1;37m§A¬O§_½T©w¥H«á¤£·|¦A¥Ç¤F¡H\033[m\n");
 
     if (!getdata(10, 0, "½T©w¶Ü¡H[y/n]:", ok, sizeof(ok), LCECHO) ||
 	ok[0] == 'n' || ok[0] == 'N') {
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ print_bidinfo(FILE *io, bid_t bidinfo)
       prints("ª½±µÁʶR»ù:%-20d",bidinfo.buyitnow);
      if(bidinfo.shipping)
       prints("¹B¶O:%d", bidinfo.shipping);
-     prints("\n");
+     outc('\n');
     }
 
 }
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@ do_general(int isbid)
     else {
 	if (!isbid) {
 	    move(21,0);
-	    prints("ºØÃþ¡G");
+	    outs("ºØÃþ¡G");
 	    for(i=0; i<8 && bp->posttype[i*4]; i++)
 		strncpy(ctype[i],bp->posttype+4*i,4);
 	    if(i==0) i=8;
@@ -674,9 +674,9 @@ do_general(int isbid)
 	if (strcmp(currboard, "Test") && !ifuseanony) {
 	    prints("³o¬O±zªº²Ä %d ½g¤å³¹¡C",++cuser.numposts);
             if(postfile.filemode&FILE_BID)
-                prints("©Û¼Ð¤å³¹¨S¦³½Z¹S¡C");
+                outs("©Û¼Ð¤å³¹¨S¦³½Z¹S¡C");
             else if(currbrdattr&BRD_BAD)
-                prints("¹Hªk§ï¶i¤¤¬ÝªO¨S¦³½Z¹S¡C");
+                outs("¹Hªk§ï¶i¤¤¬ÝªO¨S¦³½Z¹S¡C");
             else
               {
                 prints(" ½Z¹S %d »È¡C",aborted);
@@ -1195,7 +1195,7 @@ hold_gamble(int ent, fileheader_t * fhdr, char *direct)
 	     bp->endgamble ? Cdate(&bp->endgamble) : ""
 	     );
     strcat(msg, genbuf);
-    prints("½Ð¨Ì¦¸¿é¤J±m²¼¦WºÙ, »Ý´£¨Ñ2~8¶µ. (¥¼º¡¤K¶µ, ¿é¤Jª½±µ«öenter)\n");
+    outs("½Ð¨Ì¦¸¿é¤J±m²¼¦WºÙ, »Ý´£¨Ñ2~8¶µ. (¥¼º¡¤K¶µ, ¿é¤Jª½±µ«öenter)\n");
     for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
 	snprintf(yn, sizeof(yn), " %d)", i + 1);
 	getdata(7 + i, 0, yn, genbuf, 9, DOECHO);
@@ -1211,7 +1211,7 @@ hold_gamble(int ent, fileheader_t * fhdr, char *direct)
     unlink(genbuf); // Ptt: ¨¾°ô§Q¥Î¤£¦Pid¦P®ÉÁ|¿ì½ä³õ
 
     move(8 + i, 0);
-    prints("½ä½L³]©w§¹¦¨");
+    outs("½ä½L³]©w§¹¦¨");
     snprintf(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf), "[¤½§i] %s ªO ¶}©l½ä³Õ!", currboard);
     post_msg(currboard, genbuf, msg, cuser.userid);
     post_msg("Record", genbuf + 7, msg, "[°¨¸ô±´¤l]");
@@ -1365,7 +1365,7 @@ do_bid(int ent, fileheader_t * fhdr, boardheader_t  *bp, char *direct,  struct t
     if(!bidinfo.payby) money="Ptt$ "; else money=" NT$ ";
     if(now>bidinfo.enddate || bidinfo.high==bidinfo.buyitnow)
     {
-	prints("¦¹Äv¼Ð¤w¸gµ²§ô,");
+	outs("¦¹Äv¼Ð¤w¸gµ²§ô,");
 	if( bidinfo.userid[0]) {
 	    /*if(!payby && bidinfo.usermax!=-1)
 	      {¥HPtt¹ô¦Û°Ê¦©´Ú
@@ -1391,7 +1391,7 @@ do_bid(int ent, fileheader_t * fhdr, boardheader_t  *bp, char *direct,  struct t
 	    }
 #endif
 	}
-	else prints("µL¤H±o¼Ð!");
+	else outs("µL¤H±o¼Ð!");
 	pressanykey();
 	return FULLUPDATE;
     }
@@ -1409,7 +1409,7 @@ do_bid(int ent, fileheader_t * fhdr, boardheader_t  *bp, char *direct,  struct t
     }
     if(!strcmp(cuser.userid,bidinfo.userid))
     {
-	prints("§A¬O³Ì°ª±o¼ÐªÌ!");
+	outs("§A¬O³Ì°ª±o¼ÐªÌ!");
         pressanykey();
 	return FULLUPDATE;
     }
diff --git a/mbbsd/board.c b/mbbsd/board.c
index 27ce6021..0a93dde2 100644
--- a/mbbsd/board.c
+++ b/mbbsd/board.c
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ show_brdlist(int head, int clsflag, int newflag)
 	move(1, 0);
 	outs(
 	    "                                                              "
-	    "¢©  ¢~¡X\033[33m¡´\n"
+	    "¢©  ùú¡X\033[33m¡´\n"
 	    "                                                    ùá¡X  \033[m "
 	    "¢¨¢i\033[47m¡ó\033[40m¢i¢i¢©ùç\n"
 	    "  \033[44m   ¡s¡s¡s¡s¡s¡s¡s¡s                               "
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ show_brdlist(int head, int clsflag, int newflag)
 		}
 
 		if (class_bid == 1)
-		    prints("          ");
+		    outs("          ");
 		else {
 		    if (!GROUPOP() && !HasPerm(B_BH(ptr))) {
 			prints("%5d   Unknown??    ÁôªO ¡H³o­ÓªO¬OÁôªO", head);
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ show_brdlist(int head, int clsflag, int newflag)
 			   unread[ptr->myattr & NBRD_UNREAD ? 1 : 0]);
 		} else {
 		    if (B_BH(ptr)->brdattr & BRD_GROUPBOARD)
-			prints("        ");
+			outs("        ");
 		    else
 			prints("%6d%s", (int)(B_TOTAL(ptr)),
 				unread[ptr->myattr & NBRD_UNREAD ? 1 : 0]);
@@ -518,15 +518,15 @@ show_brdlist(int head, int clsflag, int newflag)
 			    B_BH(ptr)->title, B_BH(ptr)->title + 5, B_BH(ptr)->title + 7);
 
 		    if (B_BH(ptr)->brdattr & BRD_BAD)
-			prints(" X ");
+			outs(" X ");
 		    else if (B_BH(ptr)->nuser >= 5000)
-			prints("\033[1;34mÃz!\033[m");
+			outs("\033[1;34mÃz!\033[m");
 		    else if (B_BH(ptr)->nuser >= 2000)
-			prints("\033[1;31mÃz!\033[m");
+			outs("\033[1;31mÃz!\033[m");
 		    else if (B_BH(ptr)->nuser >= 1000)
-			prints("\033[1mÃz!\033[m");
+			outs("\033[1mÃz!\033[m");
 		    else if (B_BH(ptr)->nuser >= 100)
-			prints("\033[1mHOT\033[m");
+			outs("\033[1mHOT\033[m");
 		    else if (B_BH(ptr)->nuser > 50)
 			prints("\033[1;31m%2d\033[m ", B_BH(ptr)->nuser);
 		    else if (B_BH(ptr)->nuser > 10)
@@ -792,7 +792,7 @@ choose_board(int newflag)
 	case 'S':
 	    if(yank_flag == 0){
 		move(b_lines - 2, 0);
-		prints("­«·s±Æ§Ç¬ÝªO "
+		outs("­«·s±Æ§Ç¬ÝªO "
 			"\033[1;33m(ª`·N, ³o­Ó°Ê§@·|Âмg­ì¨Ó³]©w)\033[m \n");
 		tmp = getans("±Æ§Ç¤è¦¡ (1)«ö·ÓªO¦W±Æ§Ç (2)«ö·ÓÃþ§O±Æ§Ç ==> [0]¨ú®ø ");
 		if( tmp == '1' )
diff --git a/mbbsd/cal.c b/mbbsd/cal.c
index 521954c3..34e9de57 100644
--- a/mbbsd/cal.c
+++ b/mbbsd/cal.c
@@ -428,7 +428,7 @@ p_sysinfo(void)
 #ifdef CPULIMIT
 	prints(" (limit %d secs)", CPULIMIT * 60);
 #endif
-	prints("\n¯S§O°Ñ¼Æ:"
+	outs("\n¯S§O°Ñ¼Æ:"
 #ifdef CRITICAL_MEMORY
 		" CRITICAL_MEMORY"
 #endif
diff --git a/mbbsd/card.c b/mbbsd/card.c
index b46ce2bc..6e9a63ed 100644
--- a/mbbsd/card.c
+++ b/mbbsd/card.c
@@ -84,11 +84,11 @@ card_display(int cline, int number, int flower, int show)
     if (flower == 0 || flower == 3)
 	color = 36;
     if ((show < 0) && (cline > 1 && cline < 8))
-	prints("¢x\033[1;33;42m¡°¡°¡°¡°\033[m¢x");
+	outs("¢x\033[1;33;42m¡°¡°¡°¡°\033[m¢x");
     else
 	switch (cline) {
 	case 1:
-	    prints("¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡");
+	    outs("¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡");
 	    break;
 	case 2:
 	    prints("¢x\033[1;%dm%s\033[m      ¢x", color, cn[number - 1]);
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ card_display(int cline, int number, int flower, int show)
 	    prints("¢x      \033[1;%dm%s\033[m¢x", color, cn[number - 1]);
 	    break;
 	case 8:
-	    prints("¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£");
+	    outs("¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£");
 	    break;
 	}
 }
@@ -176,12 +176,12 @@ card_start(char name[])
     clear();
     stand_title(name);
     move(1, 0);
-    prints("    \033[1;33;41m   ¹q  ¸£   \033[m");
+    outs("    \033[1;33;41m   ¹q  ¸£   \033[m");
     move(10, 0);
-    prints("\033[1;34;44m¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã"
+    outs("\033[1;34;44m¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã"
 	   "¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»¡ã¡»\033[m");
     move(19, 0);
-    prints("    \033[1;37;42m   ¦Û  ¤v   \033[m");
+    outs("    \033[1;37;42m   ¦Û  ¤v   \033[m");
 }
 
 static int
@@ -283,7 +283,7 @@ card_99()
     move(21, 0);
     clrtoeol();
     prints("[0]¥Ø«e %d , ´Ý %d ÂI\n", count, 99 - count);
-    prints("¥ª¥kÁä²¾°Ê´å¼Ð, [Enter]½T©w, [ + ]ªí¥[¤G¤Q(¥[¤Q), [Q/q]©ñ±ó¹CÀ¸");
+    outs("¥ª¥kÁä²¾°Ê´å¼Ð, [Enter]½T©w, [ + ]ªí¥[¤G¤Q(¥[¤Q), [Q/q]©ñ±ó¹CÀ¸");
     while (1) {
 	i = card_select(&j);
 	if (i == 0)		/* ©ñ±ó¹CÀ¸ */
diff --git a/mbbsd/chc.c b/mbbsd/chc.c
index 373b97a0..4824af0f 100644
--- a/mbbsd/chc.c
+++ b/mbbsd/chc.c
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ showstep(board_t board)
 	prints("¡G %s%s",
 	       CHE_O(eatten) == 0 ? BLACK_COLOR : RED_COLOR,
 	       chess_str[CHE_O(eatten)][CHE_P(eatten)]);
-    prints("\033[m");
+    outs("\033[m");
 }
 
 static void
diff --git a/mbbsd/chicken.c b/mbbsd/chicken.c
index 4050067c..2b3948e9 100644
--- a/mbbsd/chicken.c
+++ b/mbbsd/chicken.c
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ show_chicken_data(chicken_t * thechicken, chicken_t * pkchicken)
 	outs("¤£º¡¨¬..");
 
     if (pkchicken) {
-	outs("\n");
+	outc('\n');
 	show_chicken_stat(pkchicken);
 	outs("[¥ô·NÁä] §ðÀ»¹ï¤è [q] ¸¨¶] [o] ¦Y¤j¸É¤Y");
     }
diff --git a/mbbsd/dark.c b/mbbsd/dark.c
index c567cced..03777a2e 100644
--- a/mbbsd/dark.c
+++ b/mbbsd/dark.c
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ draw_line(sint y, sint f)
 
     move(cury[y], 3);
     clrtoeol();
-    prints("%s", buf);
+    outs(buf);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -307,7 +307,7 @@ playing(sint fd, sint color, sint ch, sint * b, userinfo_t * uin)
 		else
 		    rcount--;
 		move(cur_eaty, cur_eatx);
-		prints("%s", (color) ? bname[brd[my][mx].value] : rname[brd[my][mx].value]);
+		outs((color) ? bname[brd[my][mx].value] : rname[brd[my][mx].value]);
 		if (cur_eatx >= 26) {
 		    cur_eatx = 5;
 		    cur_eaty++;
@@ -524,11 +524,11 @@ main_dark(int fd, userinfo_t * uin)
 	if (currutmp->turn == 'w') {
 	    move(22, 0);
 	    clrtoeol();
-	    prints("§AŤF.. ¯u¬O®¥³ß~~");
+	    outs("§AŤF.. ¯u¬O®¥³ß~~");
 	} else {
 	    move(22, 0);
 	    clrtoeol();
-	    prints("¿é±¼¤F°Õ.....¤U¦¸Åý¥L¦n¬Ý!!");
+	    outs("¿é±¼¤F°Õ.....¤U¦¸Åý¥L¦n¬Ý!!");
 	}
 	break;
     case -3:
diff --git a/mbbsd/dice.c b/mbbsd/dice.c
index d6fc0c55..b385a60f 100644
--- a/mbbsd/dice.c
+++ b/mbbsd/dice.c
@@ -95,29 +95,29 @@ static void
 show_data(void)
 {
     move(0, 0);
-    prints("\033[31m       ¢z¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
+    outs("\033[31m       ¢z¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
 	   "¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢{\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[45;37m­¿²v¤@\033[m\033[31m ¢x \033[33m[1]©ã¤@ÂI [2]©ã¤GÂI "
+    outs("\033[45;37m­¿²v¤@\033[m\033[31m ¢x \033[33m[1]©ã¤@ÂI [2]©ã¤GÂI "
 	 "[3]©ã¤TÂI [4]©ã¥|ÂI [5]©ã¤­ÂI [6]©ã¤»ÂI    \033[31m  ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[31m       ¢x \033[33m[7]©ã¤p   [8]©ã¤j                    "
+    outs("\033[31m       ¢x \033[33m[7]©ã¤p   [8]©ã¤j                    "
 	   "                          \033[31m  ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[31m       ¢x                                              "
+    outs("\033[31m       ¢x                                              "
 	   "                    ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[45;37m½ß²v¤T\033[m\033[31m ¢x \033[33m[11]©ã¤¤(Á`ÂI¼Æµ¥©ó11"
+    outs("\033[45;37m½ß²v¤T\033[m\033[31m ¢x \033[33m[11]©ã¤¤(Á`ÂI¼Æµ¥©ó11"
 	   "©Î10)                                     \033[31m  ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[31m       ¢x                                              "
+    outs("\033[31m       ¢x                                              "
 	   "                    ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[45;37m½ß²v¤­\033[m\033[31m ¢x \033[33m[74]©ã¤p¥B¥|ÂI [83]©ã"
+    outs("\033[45;37m½ß²v¤­\033[m\033[31m ¢x \033[33m[74]©ã¤p¥B¥|ÂI [83]©ã"
 	   "¤j¥B¤TÂI [66]©ã³s¸¹                       \033[31m  ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[31m       ¢x                                              "
+    outs("\033[31m       ¢x                                              "
 	   "                    ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[31m       ¢x \033[33m[12]©ã¤@¤GÂI [13]©ã¤@¤TÂI [14]©ã¤@¥|ÂI"
+    outs("\033[31m       ¢x \033[33m[12]©ã¤@¤GÂI [13]©ã¤@¤TÂI [14]©ã¤@¥|ÂI"
 	   " [15]©ã¤@¤­ÂI [16]©ã¤@¤»ÂI\033[31m ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[31m       ¢x \033[33m[23]©ã¤G¤TÂI [24]©ã¤G¥|ÂI [25]©ã¤G¤­ÂI"
+    outs("\033[31m       ¢x \033[33m[23]©ã¤G¤TÂI [24]©ã¤G¥|ÂI [25]©ã¤G¤­ÂI"
 	   " [26]©ã¤G¤»ÂI [34]©ã¤T¥|ÂI\033[31m ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[31m       ¢x \033[33m[35]©ã¤T¤­ÂI [36]©ã¤T¤»ÂI [45]©ã¥|¤­ÂI"
+    outs("\033[31m       ¢x \033[33m[35]©ã¤T¤­ÂI [36]©ã¤T¤»ÂI [45]©ã¥|¤­ÂI"
 	   " [46]©ã¥|¤»ÂI [56]©ã¤­¤»ÂI\033[31m ¢x\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[31m       ¢|¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
+    outs("\033[31m       ¢|¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
 	   "¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢}\033[m\n");
 }
 
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ del(int value[100],int total, dicedata_t * table)
 		if (money > table[i].mymoney) {
 		    move(22, 0);
 		    clrtoeol();
-		    prints("¤£°÷¦©°Õ");
+		    outs("¤£°÷¦©°Õ");
 		    i--;
 		    continue;
 		}
@@ -238,86 +238,86 @@ show_output(int bet[])
     /* ¼È®É­°°Õ ¦]¬°¨º¦Uclrtoline©Ç©Çªº */ // XXX ­þ¸Ì©Ç?
     for (i = 13; i <= 18; i++) {
 	move(i, 0);
-	prints("                               ");
+	outs("                               ");
     }
     move(12, 0);
-    prints("\033[1;31m        ¢z¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
+    outs("\033[1;31m        ¢z¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
 	   "¢w¢{\033[m\n\n\n\n\n\n");
-    prints("\033[1;31m        ¢|¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
+    outs("\033[1;31m        ¢|¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
 	   "¢w¢}\033[m");
     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++, j += 25) {
 	switch (bet[i]) {
 	case 1:
 	    move(13, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
 	    move(14, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x        ¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x        ¢x\033[m");
 	    move(15, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x   ¡´   ¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x   ¡´   ¢x\033[m");
 	    move(16, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x        ¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x        ¢x\033[m");
 	    move(17, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
 	    break;
 	case 2:
 	    move(13, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
 	    move(14, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x      ¡´¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x      ¡´¢x\033[m");
 	    move(15, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x        ¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x        ¢x\033[m");
 	    move(16, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x¡´      ¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x¡´      ¢x\033[m");
 	    move(17, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
 	    break;
 	case 3:
 	    move(13, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
 	    move(14, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x      ¡´¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x      ¡´¢x\033[m");
 	    move(15, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x   ¡´   ¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x   ¡´   ¢x\033[m");
 	    move(16, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x¡´      ¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x¡´      ¢x\033[m");
 	    move(17, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
 	    break;
 	case 4:
 	    move(13, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
 	    move(14, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
 	    move(15, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x        ¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x        ¢x\033[m");
 	    move(16, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
 	    move(17, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
 	    break;
 	case 5:
 	    move(13, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
 	    move(14, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
 	    move(15, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x   ¡´   ¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x   ¡´   ¢x\033[m");
 	    move(16, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
 	    move(17, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
 	    break;
 	case 6:
 	    move(13, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢~¢w¢w¢w¢w¢¡\033[m");
 	    move(14, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
 	    move(15, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
 	    move(16, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢x¡´    ¡´¢x\033[m");
 	    move(17, j);
-	    prints("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[37m¢¢¢w¢w¢w¢w¢£\033[m");
 	    break;
 	}
     }
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ dice_main(void)
     reload_money();
     if (cuser.money < 10) {
 	move(19, 0);
-	prints("\033[1;37m¶W¹L¤Q¤¸¦A¨Óª±§a~~\033[m");
+	outs("\033[1;37m¶W¹L¤Q¤¸¦A¨Óª±§a~~\033[m");
 	pressanykey();
 	return 0;
     }
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ dice_main(void)
 	    if (input[0] != 's' && input[0] != 'd' && cuser.money < 10) {
 		move(21, 0);
 		clrtoeol();
-		prints("\033[1;37m¶W¹L¤Q¤¸¤~¯à½ä~\033[m");
+		outs("\033[1;37m¶W¹L¤Q¤¸¤~¯à½ä~\033[m");
 		continue;
 	    }
 	    if (input[0] == 'd' || input[0] == 'D') {
@@ -464,7 +464,7 @@ dice_main(void)
 	} else {
 	    move(21, 0);
 	    clrtoeol();
-	    prints("\033[1;32m¯u¥i±¤ ¤U¦¸¦A¨Ó¸I¸I¹B®ð§a\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[1;32m¯u¥i±¤ ¤U¦¸¦A¨Ó¸I¸I¹B®ð§a\033[m");
 	}
 
 	move(19, 0);
diff --git a/mbbsd/edit.c b/mbbsd/edit.c
index d8c7d80f..637b7736 100644
--- a/mbbsd/edit.c
+++ b/mbbsd/edit.c
@@ -256,7 +256,7 @@ ask(char *prompt)
     move(0, 0);
     clrtoeol();
     standout();
-    prints("%s", prompt);
+    outs(prompt);
     standend();
     ch = igetch();
     move(0, 0);
@@ -836,8 +836,7 @@ write_header(FILE * fp)
 		ifuseanony = 1;
 	    } else {
 		if (!strcmp("r", real_name) || (!defanony && !real_name[0]))
-		    snprintf(postlog.author, sizeof(postlog.author),
-			     "%s", cuser.userid);
+		    strlcpy(postlog.author, cuser.userid, sizeof(postlog.author));
 		else {
 		    snprintf(postlog.author, sizeof(postlog.author),
 			     "%s.", real_name);
@@ -989,7 +988,7 @@ write_file(char *fpath, int saveheader, int *islocal)
 	if (!HAS_PERM(PERM_LOGINOK)) {
 	    local_article = 1;
 	    move(2, 0);
-	    prints("±z©|¥¼³q¹L¨­¥÷½T»{¡A¥u¯à Local Save¡C\n");
+	    outs("±z©|¥¼³q¹L¨­¥÷½T»{¡A¥u¯à Local Save¡C\n");
 	    pressanykey();
 	} else
 	    local_article = 0;
diff --git a/mbbsd/friend.c b/mbbsd/friend.c
index 3826e379..d70a33da 100644
--- a/mbbsd/friend.c
+++ b/mbbsd/friend.c
@@ -423,7 +423,7 @@ friend_edit(int type)
 		}
 		fclose(fp);
 	    }
-	    snprintf(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf), "%s", fpath);
+	    strlcpy(genbuf, fpath, sizeof(genbuf));
 	    if ((fp = fopen(genbuf, "r"))) {
 		while (fgets(line, 80, fp)) {
 		    sscanf(line, "%s", uident); // XXX check buffer size
@@ -443,7 +443,7 @@ friend_edit(int type)
 	    getdata_buf(2, 0, " ½Ð¬°¦¹¯S§O¦W³æ¨ú¤@­Ó²µu¦WºÙ:", genbuf, 30,
 			DOECHO);
 	    if ((fp = fopen(line, "w"))) {
-		fprintf(fp, "%s", genbuf);
+		fputs(genbuf, fp);
 		fclose(fp);
 	    }
 	}
diff --git a/mbbsd/gamble.c b/mbbsd/gamble.c
index 512df7f2..51fe99ef 100644
--- a/mbbsd/gamble.c
+++ b/mbbsd/gamble.c
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ show_ticket_data(char betname[MAX_ITEM][MAX_ITEM_LEN],char *direct, int *price,
     move(2, 0);
     snprintf(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf), "%s/" FN_TICKET_ITEMS, direct);
     if (!(fp = fopen(genbuf, "r"))) {
-	prints("\n¥Ø«e¨Ã¨S¦³Á|¿ì½ä½L\n");
+	outs("\n¥Ø«e¨Ã¨S¦³Á|¿ì½ä½L\n");
 	snprintf(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf), "%s/" FN_TICKET_OUTCOME, direct);
 	more(genbuf, NA);
 	return 0;
@@ -74,19 +74,19 @@ show_ticket_data(char betname[MAX_ITEM][MAX_ITEM_LEN],char *direct, int *price,
     }
     show_file(genbuf, 8, -1, NO_RELOAD);
     move(15, 0);
-    prints("\033[1;32m¥Ø«e¤Uª`ª¬ªp:\033[m\n");
+    outs("\033[1;32m¥Ø«e¤Uª`ª¬ªp:\033[m\n");
 
     total = load_ticket_record(direct, ticket);
 
-    prints("\033[33m");
+    outs("\033[33m");
     for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 	prints("%d.%-8s: %-7d", i + 1, betname[i], ticket[i]);
 	if (i == 3)
-	    prints("\n");
+	    outc('\n');
     }
     prints("\033[m\n\033[42m ¤Uª`Á`ª÷ÃB:\033[31m %d ¤¸ \033[m", total * (*price));
     if (end) {
-	prints("\n½ä½L¤w¸g°±¤î¤Uª`\n");
+	outs("\n½ä½L¤w¸g°±¤î¤Uª`\n");
 	return -count;
     }
     return count;
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ openticket(int bid)
     if (fork()) {
 	/* Ptt: ¥Î fork() ¨¾¤î¤£¥¿±`Â_½u¬~¿ú */
 	move(22, 0);
-	prints("¨t²Î±N©óµy«á¦Û°Ê§â¤¤¼úµ²ªG¤½§G©ó¬ÝªO ­Y°Ñ¥[ªÌ¦h·|»Ý­n´X¤ÀÄÁ®É¶¡..");
+	outs("¨t²Î±N©óµy«á¦Û°Ê§â¤¤¼úµ²ªG¤½§G©ó¬ÝªO ­Y°Ñ¥[ªÌ¦h·|»Ý­n´X¤ÀÄÁ®É¶¡..");
 	pressanykey();
 	unlockutmpmode();
 	return 0;
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ openticket(int bid)
 	fprintf(fp, "½ä½L»¡©ú\n");
 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp1)) {
 	    buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = 0;
-	    fprintf(fp, "%s", buf);
+	    fputs(buf, fp);
 	}
 	fprintf(fp, "¤Uª`±¡ªp\n");
 
diff --git a/mbbsd/guess.c b/mbbsd/guess.c
index 9c2aba5f..ca80aa15 100644
--- a/mbbsd/guess.c
+++ b/mbbsd/guess.c
@@ -8,18 +8,18 @@ show_table(char TABLE[], char ifcomputer)
     int             i;
 
     move(0, 35);
-    prints("\033[1;44;33m  ¡i ²q¼Æ¦r ¡j  \033[m");
+    outs("\033[1;44;33m  ¡i ²q¼Æ¦r ¡j  \033[m");
     move(8, 1);
-    prints("\033[1;44;36m¥Ø   «e   ­¿   ²v\033[m\n");
-    prints("\033[1;33m=================\033[m\n");
+    outs("\033[1;44;36m¥Ø   «e   ­¿   ²v\033[m\n");
+    outs("\033[1;33m=================\033[m\n");
     if (ifcomputer) {
-	prints("Ĺ¹q¸£: 2 ­¿\n");
-	prints("¿é¹q¸£: 0 ­¿\n");
+	outs("Ĺ¹q¸£: 2 ­¿\n");
+	outs("¿é¹q¸£: 0 ­¿\n");
     } else {
 	for (i = 1; i <= 6; i++)
 	    prints("²Ä%d¦¸, %02d­¿\n", i, TABLE[i]);
     }
-    prints("\033[33m=================\033[m");
+    outs("\033[33m=================\033[m");
 }
 
 static long int
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ guess_main()
     if (cuser.money < 5) {
 	clear();
 	move(12, 35);
-	prints("¿ú¤£°÷°Õ ¦Ü¤Ö­n 5 Ptt$");
+	outs("¿ú¤£°÷°Õ ¦Ü¤Ö­n 5 Ptt$");
 	unlockutmpmode();
 	pressanykey();
 	return 1;
@@ -263,13 +263,13 @@ guess_main()
 		    yournum, sizeof(yournum), LCECHO);
 	} while (!legal(atoi(yournum)));
 	move(8, 25);
-	prints("¹q¸£²q");
+	outs("¹q¸£²q");
 	flag = malloc(sizeof(char) * 10000);
 	n = malloc(sizeof(int) * 1500);
 	initcomputer(flag);
     }
     move(8, 55);
-    prints("§A²q");
+    outs("§A²q");
     while (((!computerwin || !youwin) && count < 10 && (ifcomputer[0])) ||
 	   (!ifcomputer[0] && count < 10 && !youwin)) {
 	if (!computerwin && ifcomputer[0]) {
@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ guess_main()
     free(n);
     if (ifcomputer[0]) {
 	if (count > c_count) {
-	    prints("§A¿éµ¹¹q¸£¤F");
+	    outs("§A¿éµ¹¹q¸£¤F");
 	    move(18, 35);
 	    prints("§A½ß¤F %lu ", money);
 	    if ((file = fopen(LOGPASS, "a"))) {
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ guess_main()
 		fclose(file);
 	    }
 	} else if (count < c_count) {
-	    prints("¯u¼F®`, Åý§AÁȨìÅo");
+	    outs("¯u¼F®`, Åý§AÁȨìÅo");
 	    move(18, 35);
 	    prints("§AÁȨ«¤F %lu ", money * 2);
 	    demoney(money * 2);
@@ -328,21 +328,21 @@ guess_main()
     if (youwin) {
 	demoney(TABLE[count] * money);
 	if (count < 5) {
-	    prints("¯u¼F®`, ¿ú³Q§AÁȨ«¤F");
+	    outs("¯u¼F®`, ¿ú³Q§AÁȨ«¤F");
 	    if ((file = fopen(LOGPASS, "a"))) {
 		fprintf(file, "id: %s, ²Ä%d¦¸²q¤¤, ŤF %ld Ptt$\n",
 			cuser.userid, count, TABLE[count] * money);
 		fclose(file);
 	    }
 	} else if (count > 5) {
-	    prints("­ü, ¤Ó¦h¦¸¤~²q¥X¨Ó¤F");
+	    outs("­ü, ¤Ó¦h¦¸¤~²q¥X¨Ó¤F");
 	    if ((file = fopen(LOGPASS, "a"))) {
 		fprintf(file, "id: %s, ²Ä%d¦¸¤~²q¤¤, ½ß¤F %ld Ptt$\n",
 			cuser.userid, count, money);
 		fclose(file);
 	    }
 	} else {
-	    prints("¤­¦¸²q¥X¨Ó, ÁÙ§A¥»¿ú§a");
+	    outs("¤­¦¸²q¥X¨Ó, ÁÙ§A¥»¿ú§a");
 	    move(18, 35);
 	    clrtoeol();
 	    prints("§A®³¦^¤F%lu Ptt$\n", money);
@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ guess_main()
     move(17, 35);
     prints("¼K¼K ¼Ð·Çµª®×¬O %s ", answer);
     move(18, 35);
-    prints("¤U¦¸¦A¨Ó§a");
+    outs("¤U¦¸¦A¨Ó§a");
     if ((file = fopen(BBSHOME "/etc/loseguess.log", "a"))) {
 	fprintf(file, "id: %s ½ä¤F %ld Ptt$\n", cuser.userid, money);
 	fclose(file);
diff --git a/mbbsd/kaede.c b/mbbsd/kaede.c
index 9023557d..8df76a75 100644
--- a/mbbsd/kaede.c
+++ b/mbbsd/kaede.c
@@ -15,14 +15,15 @@ Ptt_prints(char *str, int mode)
 		strbuf[w++] = str[r];
 	    }
 	    else{
+		/* Note, w will increased by copied length after */
 		switch( str[++r] ){
 		case 's':
-		    w += snprintf(&strbuf[w], sizeof(strbuf) - w,
-				  "%s", cuser.userid);
+		    strlcpy(strbuf+w, cuser.userid, sizeof(strbuf)-w);
+		    w += strlen(strbuf+w);
 		    break;
 		case 't':
-		    w += snprintf(&strbuf[w], sizeof(strbuf) - w,
-				  "%s", Cdate(&now));
+		    strlcpy(strbuf+w, Cdate(&now), sizeof(strbuf)-w);
+		    w += strlen(strbuf+w);
 		    break;
 		case 'u':
 		    w += snprintf(&strbuf[w], sizeof(strbuf) - w,
@@ -41,8 +42,8 @@ Ptt_prints(char *str, int mode)
 				  "%d", cuser.numposts);
 		    break;
 		case 'n':
-		    w += snprintf(&strbuf[w], sizeof(strbuf) - w,
-				  "%s", cuser.username);
+		    strlcpy(strbuf+w, cuser.username, sizeof(strbuf)-w);
+		    w += strlen(strbuf+w);
 		    break;
 		case 'm':
 		    w += snprintf(&strbuf[w], sizeof(strbuf) - w,
diff --git a/mbbsd/lovepaper.c b/mbbsd/lovepaper.c
index 826f6eb4..e8a15769 100644
--- a/mbbsd/lovepaper.c
+++ b/mbbsd/lovepaper.c
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ x_love()
 			y = y - 1;
 		    else {
 			if (tline > 0) {
-			    fprintf(fpo, "%s", buf1);
+			    fputs(buf1, fpo);
 			    tline--;
 			}
 		    }
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ x_love()
 		    if (buf1[0] == '$')
 			y--;
 		    else if (y == 0)
-			fprintf(fpo, "%s", buf1);
+			fputs(buf1, fpo);
 		}
 	    }
 
diff --git a/mbbsd/mail.c b/mbbsd/mail.c
index cf353893..81d20d70 100644
--- a/mbbsd/mail.c
+++ b/mbbsd/mail.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ setforward()
 	getdata(b_lines, 0, "½T©w¶}±Ò¦Û°ÊÂà«H¥\\¯à?(Y/n)", yn, sizeof(yn),
 		LCECHO);
 	if (yn[0] != 'n' && (fp = fopen(buf, "w"))) {
-	    fprintf(fp, "%s", ip);
+	    fputs(ip, fp);
 	    fclose(fp);
 	    vmsg("³]©w§¹¦¨!");
 	    return 0;
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ built_mail_index()
 	     BBSHOME "/bin/buildir " BBSHOME "/home/%c/%s",
 	     cuser.userid[0], cuser.userid);
     move(22, 0);
-    prints("\033[1;31m¤w¸g³B²z§¹²¦!! ½Ñ¦h¤£«K ·q½Ð­ì½Ì~\033[m");
+    outs("\033[1;31m¤w¸g³B²z§¹²¦!! ½Ñ¦h¤£«K ·q½Ð­ì½Ì~\033[m");
     pressanykey();
     system(genbuf);
     return 0;
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ multi_list(int *reciper)
 	stand_title("¸s²Õ±H«H¦W³æ");
 	ShowNameList(3, 0, msg_cc);
 	move(1, 0);
-	prints("(I)¤Þ¤J¦n¤Í (O)¤Þ¤J¤W½u³qª¾ (N)¤Þ¤J·s¤å³¹³qª¾ (0-9)¤Þ¤J¨ä¥L¯S§O¦W³æ");
+	outs("(I)¤Þ¤J¦n¤Í (O)¤Þ¤J¤W½u³qª¾ (N)¤Þ¤J·s¤å³¹³qª¾ (0-9)¤Þ¤J¨ä¥L¯S§O¦W³æ");
 	getdata(2, 0,
 	       "(A)¼W¥[     (D)§R°£         (M)½T»{±H«H¦W³æ   (Q)¨ú®ø ¡H[M]",
 		genbuf, 4, LCECHO);
@@ -609,9 +609,7 @@ mail_all()
 	    sethomedir(genbuf, userid);
 	    if (append_record_forward(genbuf, &mymail, sizeof(mymail)) == -1)
 		outs(err_uid);
-	    snprintf(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf),
-		     "%*s %5d / %5d", IDLEN + 1, userid, i + 1, unum);
-	    vmsg(genbuf);
+	    vmsg("%*s %5d / %5d", IDLEN + 1, userid, i + 1, unum);
 	}
     }
     return 0;
diff --git a/mbbsd/mbbsd.c b/mbbsd/mbbsd.c
index d8f00251..897d6d13 100644
--- a/mbbsd/mbbsd.c
+++ b/mbbsd/mbbsd.c
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ inline static void check_bad_login(void) {
     setuserfile(genbuf, str_badlogin);
     if (more(genbuf, NA) != -1) {
 	move(b_lines - 3, 0);
-	prints("³q±`¨Ã¨S¦³¿ìªkª¾¹D¸Óip¬O½Ö©Ò¦³, "
+	outs("³q±`¨Ã¨S¦³¿ìªkª¾¹D¸Óip¬O½Ö©Ò¦³, "
 		"¥H¤Î¨ä·N¹Ï(¬O¤£¤p¤ß«ö¿ù©Î¦³·N´ú±z±K½X)\n"
 		"­Y±z¦³±b¸¹³Qµs¥ÎºÃ¼{, ½Ð¸g±`§ó§ï±zªº±K½X©Î¨Ï¥Î¥[±K³s½u");
 	if (getans("±z­n§R°£¥H¤W¿ù»~¹Á¸Õªº°O¿ý¶Ü(Y/N)?[Y]") != 'n')
diff --git a/mbbsd/menu.c b/mbbsd/menu.c
index ec6b1418..2040e35d 100644
--- a/mbbsd/menu.c
+++ b/mbbsd/menu.c
@@ -64,9 +64,8 @@ showtitle(char *title, char *mid)
 	}
     }
     if (board_hidden_status)
-	prints("\033[32m%s", currboard);
-    else
-	prints("%s", currboard);
+	outs("\033[32m");
+    outs(currboard);
     prints("\033[3%dm¡n\033[0m\n", currmode & MODE_SELECT ? 6 :
 	   currmode & MODE_DIGEST ? 2 : 7);
 }
diff --git a/mbbsd/othello.c b/mbbsd/othello.c
index 0eac4441..7f4b77b2 100644
--- a/mbbsd/othello.c
+++ b/mbbsd/othello.c
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ print_chess(int x, int y, char chess)
 {
     move(STARTX - 1 + x * 2, STARTY - 2 + y * 4);
     if (chess != HINT || if_hint == 1)
-	prints(CHESS_TYPE[(int)chess]);
+	outs(CHESS_TYPE[(int)chess]);
     else
-	prints(CHESS_TYPE[NONE]);
+	outs(CHESS_TYPE[NONE]);
     refresh();
 }
 
@@ -79,17 +79,17 @@ printboard()
     int             i;
 
     move(STARTX, STARTY);
-    prints("¢z¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢{");
+    outs("¢z¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢s¢w¢{");
     for (i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
 	move(STARTX + 1 + i * 2, STARTY);
-	prints("¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x");
+	outs("¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x");
 	move(STARTX + 2 + i * 2, STARTY);
-	prints("¢u¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢t");
+	outs("¢u¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢q¢w¢t");
     }
     move(STARTX + 1 + i * 2, STARTY);
-    prints("¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x");
+    outs("¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x  ¢x");
     move(STARTX + 2 + i * 2, STARTY);
-    prints("¢|¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢}");
+    outs("¢|¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢r¢w¢}");
     print_chess(4, 4, WHITE);
     print_chess(5, 5, WHITE);
     print_chess(4, 5, BLACK);
@@ -97,25 +97,25 @@ printboard()
     move(3, 56);
     prints("(¶Â)%s", cuser.userid);
     move(3, 72);
-    prints(": 02");
+    outs(": 02");
     move(4, 56);
-    prints("(¥Õ)¹q¸£        : 02");
+    outs("(¥Õ)¹q¸£        : 02");
     move(6, 56);
-    prints("¡­  ¥i¥H¤U¤§³B");
+    outs("¡­  ¥i¥H¤U¤§³B");
     move(7, 56);
-    prints("[q] °h¥X");
+    outs("[q] °h¥X");
     move(8, 56);
-    prints("[h] ¶}±Ò/Ãö³¬ ´£¥Ü");
+    outs("[h] ¶}±Ò/Ãö³¬ ´£¥Ü");
     move(9, 56);
-    prints("[Enter][Space] ¤U´Ñ");
+    outs("[Enter][Space] ¤U´Ñ");
     move(10, 56);
-    prints("¤W:¡ô, i");
+    outs("¤W:¡ô, i");
     move(11, 56);
-    prints("¤U:¡õ, k");
+    outs("¤U:¡õ, k");
     move(12, 56);
-    prints("¥ª:¡ö, j");
+    outs("¥ª:¡ö, j");
     move(13, 56);
-    prints("¥k:¡÷, l");
+    outs("¥k:¡÷, l");
 }
 
 static int
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ end_of_game(int quit)
     char           *opponent[] = {"", "CD-65", "", "À¦¨à", "¤p«Ä", "", "¤j¤H", "±M®a"};
 
     move(STARTX - 1, 30);
-    prints("                         ");
+    outs("                         ");
     move(22, 35);
     fp = fopen(LOGFILE, "a");
     if (!quit) {
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ end_of_game(int quit)
 			number[0], cuser.userid, number[1] - number[0]);
 	}
     } else {
-	prints("§A©M¹q¸£¥´¦¨¥­¤â!!");
+	outs("§A©M¹q¸£¥´¦¨¥­¤â!!");
 	if (fp)
 	    fprintf(fp, "¦b%s¯Å¤¤, %s©M¹q¸£¥H %02d:%02d ¥´¦¨¤F¥­¤â\n",
 		    opponent[think], cuser.userid, number[1], number[0]);
@@ -347,10 +347,10 @@ player(char color)
 	pass++;
 	if (pass == 1) {
 	    move(23, 34);
-	    prints("§A¥²»Ý©ñ±ó³o¤@¨B!!");
+	    outs("§A¥²»Ý©ñ±ó³o¤@¨B!!");
 	    igetch();
 	    move(28, 23);
-	    prints("                             ");
+	    outs("                             ");
 	} else {
 	    end_of_game(0);
 	    return false;
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ report()
 	    else if (nowboard[i][j] == WHITE)
 		number[1]++;
     move(3, 60);
-    prints("%s", cuser.userid);
+    outs(cuser.userid);
     move(3, 72);
     prints(": %02d", number[0]);
     move(4, 60);
@@ -477,17 +477,17 @@ Computer(int thinkstep, int table)
 	nowy = maxj;
     } else {
 	move(23, 30);
-	prints("¹q¸£©ñ±ó³o¤@¨B´Ñ!!");
+	outs("¹q¸£©ñ±ó³o¤@¨B´Ñ!!");
 	pass++;
 	if (pass == 2) {
 	    move(23, 24);
-	    prints("                               ");
+	    outs("                               ");
 	    end_of_game(0);
 	    return false;
 	}
 	igetch();
 	move(23, 24);
-	prints("                                  ");
+	outs("                                  ");
     }
     return true;
 }
@@ -498,11 +498,11 @@ choose()
     char            thinkstep[2];
 
     move(2, 0);
-    prints("½Ð¿ï¾ÜÃø«×:");
+    outs("½Ð¿ï¾ÜÃø«×:");
     move(5, 0);
-    prints("(1) CD-65\n");	/* ·Q 1 ¨B */
-    prints("(2) À¦¨à\n");	/* ·Q 3 ¨B */
-    prints("(3) ¤p«Ä\n");	/* ·Q 4 ¨B */
+    outs("(1) CD-65\n");	/* ·Q 1 ¨B */
+    outs("(2) À¦¨à\n");	/* ·Q 3 ¨B */
+    outs("(3) ¤p«Ä\n");	/* ·Q 4 ¨B */
     do {
 	getdata(4, 0, "½Ð¿ï¾Ü¤@­Ó¹ï¶H©M±z¹ï¥´:(1~5)",
 		thinkstep, sizeof(thinkstep), LCECHO);
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ othello_main()
     which_table = rand() % NR_TABLE;
     while (true) {
 	move(STARTX - 1, 30);
-	prints("½ü¨ì§A¤U¤F...");
+	outs("½ü¨ì§A¤U¤F...");
 	if (!player(BLACK))
 	    break;
 	report();
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ othello_main()
 	    break;
 	}
 	move(STARTX - 1, 30);
-	prints("¹q¸£«ä¦Ò¤¤...");
+	outs("¹q¸£«ä¦Ò¤¤...");
 	refresh();
 	if (!Computer(think, which_table))
 	    break;
diff --git a/mbbsd/page.c b/mbbsd/page.c
index ce6e6ea8..25d43eac 100644
--- a/mbbsd/page.c
+++ b/mbbsd/page.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /* $Id$ */
 #include "bbs.h"
 
-#define hpressanykey(a) {move(22, 0); prints(a); pressanykey();}
+#define hpressanykey(a) {move(22, 0); outs(a); pressanykey();}
 #define TITLE "\033[1;37;45m ¤õ¨®¬d¸ß¨t²Î \033[1;44;33m­ì§@ªÌ:Heat\033[m"
 
 static void
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ print_station(const char * const addr[6][100], int path, int *line, int *num)
 			prints(" %2d.%-6s", (*num)+1, addr[path - 1][*num]);
 			(*num)++;
 		}
-		outs("\n");
+		outc('\n');
 		(*line)++;
 	}while(i==7);
 }
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ main_railway()
     setutmpmode(RAIL_WAY);
     clear();
     move(0, 25);
-    prints(TITLE);
+    outs(TITLE);
     move(1, 0);
 
     getdata(3, 0, "\033[1;35m§A½T©w­n·j´M¶Ü?[y/n]:\033[m", buf, 2, LCECHO);
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ main_railway()
 
     clear();
     move(0, 25);
-    prints(TITLE);
+    outs(TITLE);
 	line = 3;
 	print_station(addr, path, &line, &station_num);
     sprintf(genbuf, "\033[1;35m½Ð¿é¤J°_¯¸(1-%d):\033[m", station_num);
diff --git a/mbbsd/read.c b/mbbsd/read.c
index 2ead1834..53bc09ba 100644
--- a/mbbsd/read.c
+++ b/mbbsd/read.c
@@ -89,12 +89,10 @@ EnumTagFhdr(fileheader_t * fhdr, char *direct, int locus)
 int
 AskTag(char *msg)
 {
-    char            buf[80];
     int             num;
 
     num = TagNum;
-    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "¡» %s A)¤å³¹ T)¼Ð°O Q)uit?", msg);
-    switch (getans(buf)) {
+    switch (getans("¡» %s A)¤å³¹ T)¼Ð°O Q)uit?", msg)) {
     case 'q':
 	num = -1;
 	break;
diff --git a/mbbsd/register.c b/mbbsd/register.c
index 10e995c8..64b0afe5 100644
--- a/mbbsd/register.c
+++ b/mbbsd/register.c
@@ -328,7 +328,7 @@ check_register()
 	/* ¦^ÂйL¨­¥÷»{ÃÒ«H¨ç¡A©Î´¿¸g E-mail post ¹L */
 	clear();
 	move(9, 3);
-	prints("½Ð¸Ô¶ñ¼g\033[32mµù¥U¥Ó½Ð³æ\033[m¡A"
+	outs("½Ð¸Ô¶ñ¼g\033[32mµù¥U¥Ó½Ð³æ\033[m¡A"
 	       "³q§i¯¸ªø¥HÀò±o¶i¶¥¨Ï¥ÎÅv¤O¡C\n\n\n\n");
 	u_register();
 
diff --git a/mbbsd/screen.c b/mbbsd/screen.c
index 22838b98..a9089f4e 100644
--- a/mbbsd/screen.c
+++ b/mbbsd/screen.c
@@ -430,7 +430,7 @@ outmsg(char *msg)
 {
     move(b_lines, 0);
     clrtoeol();
-    prints(msg);
+    outs(msg);
 }
 
 void
@@ -450,7 +450,7 @@ mouts(int y, int x, char *str)
 {
     move(y, x);
     clrtoeol();
-    prints("%s",str);
+    outs(str);
 }
 
 void
diff --git a/mbbsd/stuff.c b/mbbsd/stuff.c
index ed671596..4d5a1a8f 100644
--- a/mbbsd/stuff.c
+++ b/mbbsd/stuff.c
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ gettime(int line, time_t dt, char*head)
 
     memcpy(&endtime, ptime, sizeof(struct tm));
     snprintf(yn, sizeof(yn), "%4d", ptime->tm_year + 1900);
-    move(line, 0); prints("%s",head);
+    move(line, 0); outs(head);
     i=strlen(head);
     do {
 	getdata_buf(line, i, " ¦è¤¸¦~:", yn, 5, LCECHO);
diff --git a/mbbsd/syspost.c b/mbbsd/syspost.c
index 39ccf97e..284e5fb4 100644
--- a/mbbsd/syspost.c
+++ b/mbbsd/syspost.c
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ post_msg(char *bname, char *title, char *msg, char *author)
     fprintf(fp, "®É¶¡: %s\n", ctime(&now));
 
     /* ¤å³¹ªº¤º®e */
-    fprintf(fp, "%s", msg);
+    fputs(msg, fp);
     fclose(fp);
 
     /* ±NÀÉ®×¥[¤J¦Cªí */
diff --git a/mbbsd/talk.c b/mbbsd/talk.c
index 7d5400ab..69262ac5 100644
--- a/mbbsd/talk.c
+++ b/mbbsd/talk.c
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@ my_query(char *uident)
 	       money[i]);
 	if (uentp && ((fri_stat & HFM && !uentp->invisible) || strcmp(muser.userid,cuser.userid) == 0))
 	    prints(" ($%d)", muser.money);
-	prints("\n");
+	outc('\n');
 
 	prints("¡m¤W¯¸¦¸¼Æ¡n%d¦¸", muser.numlogins);
 	move(2, 40);
@@ -443,35 +443,35 @@ water_scr(water_t * tw, int which, char type)
 	int             i;
 	int             colors[] = {33, 37, 33, 37, 33};
 	move(8 + which, 28);
-	prints(" ");
+	outc(' ');
 	move(8 + which, 28);
 	prints("\033[1;37;45m  %c %-14s \033[0m",
 	       tw->uin ? ' ' : 'x',
 	       tw->userid);
 	for (i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
 	    move(16 + i, 4);
-	    prints(" ");
+	    outc(' ');
 	    move(16 + i, 4);
 	    if (tw->msg[(tw->top - i + 4) % 5].last_call_in[0] != 0)
 		prints("\033[0m   \033[1;%d;44m¡¹%-64s\033[0m   \n",
 		       colors[i],
 		       tw->msg[(tw->top - i + 4) % 5].last_call_in);
 	    else
-		prints("\033[0m¡@\n");
+		outs("\033[0m¡@\n");
 	}
 
 	move(21, 4);
-	prints(" ");
+	outc(' ');
 	move(21, 4);
 	prints("\033[0m   \033[1;37;46m%-66s\033[0m   \n",
 	       tw->msg[5].last_call_in);
 
 	move(0, 0);
-	prints(" ");
+	outc(' ');
 	move(0, 0);
 #ifdef PLAY_ANGEL
 	if (tw->msg[0].msgmode == MSGMODE_TOANGEL)
-	    prints("\033[0m¦^µª¤p¥D¤H:");
+	    outs("\033[0m¦^µª¤p¥D¤H:");
 	else
 #endif
 	prints("\033[0m¤ÏÀ» %s:", tw->userid);
@@ -479,7 +479,7 @@ water_scr(water_t * tw, int which, char type)
 	move(0, strlen(tw->userid) + 6);
     } else {
 	move(8 + which, 28);
-	prints("123456789012345678901234567890");
+	outs("123456789012345678901234567890");
 	move(8 + which, 28);
 	prints("\033[1;37;44m  %c %-13s¡@\033[0m",
 	       tw->uin ? ' ' : 'x',
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ my_write2(void)
 
     //init screen
     move(7, 28);
-    prints("\033[1;33;46m ¡ô ¤ô²y¤ÏÀ»¹ï¶H ¡õ\033[0m");
+    outs("\033[1;33;46m ¡ô ¤ô²y¤ÏÀ»¹ï¶H ¡õ\033[0m");
     for (i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
 	if (swater[i] == NULL || swater[i]->pid == 0)
 	    break;
@@ -519,10 +519,10 @@ my_write2(void)
 	    water_scr(swater[i], i, 0);
 	}
     move(15, 4);
-    prints("\033[0m \033[1;35m¡º\033[1;36m¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
+    outs("\033[0m \033[1;35m¡º\033[1;36m¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
 	   "¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w\033[1;35m¡º\033[0m ");
     move(22, 4);
-    prints(" \033[1;35m¡º\033[1;36m¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
+    outs(" \033[1;35m¡º\033[1;36m¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w"
 	   "¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w¢w\033[1;35m¡º\033[0m ");
     water_scr(swater[0], 0, 1);
     refresh();
@@ -566,7 +566,7 @@ my_write2(void)
 	    } else
 		msg[0] = 0;
 	    move(0, 0);
-	    prints("\033[m");
+	    outs("\033[m");
 	    clrtoeol();
 #ifndef PLAY_ANGEL
 	    snprintf(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf), "§ðÀ» %s:", tw->userid);
@@ -878,7 +878,7 @@ t_display_new(void)
 			       !swater[i - 1]->uin ? '#' : ' ',
 			       swater[i - 1]->userid);
 		    } else
-			prints("              ");
+			outs("              ");
 		else
 		    prints("%s ¥þ³¡  \033[m",
 			   water_which == &water[0] ? "\033[1;33;47m " :
@@ -911,7 +911,7 @@ t_display_new(void)
 	if (t_last_write[0]) {
 	    move(i + off, 0);
 	    clrtoeol();
-	    prints(t_last_write);
+	    outs(t_last_write);
 	    i++;
 	}
 	move(i + off, 0);
@@ -1202,7 +1202,7 @@ do_talk(int fd)
 	    if (send(fd, data, 1, 0) != 1)
 		break;
 	    if (log)
-		fprintf(log, "%c", (ch == Ctrl('M')) ? '\n' : (char)*data);
+		fputc((ch == Ctrl('M')) ? '\n' : (char)*data, log);
 	    do_talk_char(&mywin, *data, flog);
 	}
     }
@@ -1879,12 +1879,12 @@ draw_pickup(int drawall, pickup_t * pickup, int pickup_way,
 	   myfriend, friendme, currutmp->brc_id ? (bfriend + 1) : 0, badfriend);
     for (i = 0, ch = page * nPickups + 1; i < nPickups; ++i, ++ch) {
 	move(i + 3, 0);
-	prints("a");
+	outc('a');
 	move(i + 3, 0);
 	uentp = pickup[i].ui;
 	friend = pickup[i].friend;
 	if (uentp == NULL) {
-	    prints("\n");
+	    outc('\n');
 	    continue;
 	}
 	if (!uentp->pid) {
@@ -2741,7 +2741,7 @@ talkreply(void)
 
     clear();
 
-    prints("\n\n");
+    outs("\n\n");
     prints("       (Y) Åý§Ú­Ì %s §a¡I"
 	    "     (A) §Ú²{¦b«Ü¦£¡A½Ðµ¥¤@·|¨à¦A call §Ú\n", sig_des[sig]);
     prints("       (N) §Ú²{¦b¤£·Q %s"
diff --git a/mbbsd/user.c b/mbbsd/user.c
index b8f1dc44..19cc6d90 100644
--- a/mbbsd/user.c
+++ b/mbbsd/user.c
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ u_loginview()
 	else {
 	    pbits ^= (1 << i);
 	    move(i + 4, 28);
-	    prints((pbits >> i) & 1 ? "£¾" : "¢æ");
+	    outs((pbits >> i) & 1 ? "£¾" : "¢æ");
 	}
     }
 
@@ -174,8 +174,8 @@ violate_law(userec_t * u, int unum)
     move(1, 0);
     clrtobot();
     move(2, 0);
-    prints("(1)Cross-post (2)¶Ãµo¼s§i«H (3)¶Ãµo³sÂê«H\n");
-    prints("(4)ÄÌÂZ¯¸¤W¨Ï¥ÎªÌ (8)¨ä¥L¥H»@³æ³B¸m¦æ¬°\n(9)¬å id ¦æ¬°\n");
+    outs("(1)Cross-post (2)¶Ãµo¼s§i«H (3)¶Ãµo³sÂê«H\n");
+    outs("(4)ÄÌÂZ¯¸¤W¨Ï¥ÎªÌ (8)¨ä¥L¥H»@³æ³B¸m¦æ¬°\n(9)¬å id ¦æ¬°\n");
     getdata(5, 0, "(0)µ²§ô", ans, 3, DOECHO);
     switch (ans[0]) {
     case '1':
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ static void Customize(void)
     mindbuf[4] = 0;
     while( !done ){
 	move(2, 0);
-	prints("±z¥Ø«eªº­Ó¤H¤Æ³]©w: ");
+	outs("±z¥Ø«eªº­Ó¤H¤Æ³]©w: ");
 	move(4, 0);
 	prints("%-30s%10s\n", "A. ¤ô²y¼Ò¦¡",
 	       wm[(cuser.uflag2 & WATER_MASK)]);
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@ ispersonalid(char *inid)
 static char    *
 getregcode(char *buf)
 {
-    sprintf(buf, "%s", crypt(cuser.userid, "02"));
+    strcpy(buf, crypt(cuser.userid, "02"));
     return buf;
 }
 
@@ -1033,7 +1033,7 @@ toregister(char *email, char *genbuf, char *phone, char *career,
 		    break;
 	    } else {
 		move(17, 0);
-		prints("«ü©wªº¤â¾÷¸¹½X¤£¦Xªk,"
+		outs("«ü©wªº¤â¾÷¸¹½X¤£¦Xªk,"
 		       "­Y±zµL¤â¾÷ªù¸¹½Ð¿ï¾Ü¨ä¥L¤è¦¡»{ÃÒ");
 	    }
 
@@ -1047,7 +1047,7 @@ toregister(char *email, char *genbuf, char *phone, char *career,
 		break;
 	} else {
 	    move(17, 0);
-	    prints("«ü©wªº E-Mail ¤£¦Xªk,"
+	    outs("«ü©wªº E-Mail ¤£¦Xªk,"
 		   "­Y±zµL E-Mail ½Ð¿é¤J x¥Ñ¯¸ªø¤â°Ê»{ÃÒ");
 	}
     }
@@ -1307,7 +1307,7 @@ u_register(void)
 	    if(cuser.uflag2 & FOREIGN)
 		mail_muser(cuser, "[¥X¤J¹ÒºÞ²z§½]", "etc/foreign_welcome");
 	    cuser.userlevel |= (PERM_LOGINOK | PERM_POST);
-	    prints("\nµù¥U¦¨¥\\, ­«·s¤W¯¸«á±N¨ú±o§¹¾ãÅv­­\n"
+	    outs("\nµù¥U¦¨¥\\, ­«·s¤W¯¸«á±N¨ú±o§¹¾ãÅv­­\n"
 		   "½Ð«ö¤U¥ô¤@Áä¸õÂ÷«á­«·s¤W¯¸~ :)");
 	    sethomefile(genbuf, cuser.userid, "justify.wait");
 	    unlink(genbuf);
@@ -1367,7 +1367,7 @@ u_register(void)
 	    while( 1 ){
 		getfield(4, "0123456789","¨­¤ÀÃÒ¸¹ Å@·Ó¸¹½X ©Î SSN", ident, 11);
 		move(6, 2);
-		prints("¸¹½X¦³»~ªÌ±NµLªk¨ú±o¶i¤@¨BªºÅv­­¡I");
+		outs("¸¹½X¦³»~ªÌ±NµLªk¨ú±o¶i¤@¨BªºÅv­­¡I");
 		getdata(7, 2, "¬O§_½T©w(Y/N)", ans, 3, LCECHO);
 		if (ans[0] == 'y' || ans[0] == 'Y')
 		    break;
@@ -1397,7 +1397,7 @@ u_register(void)
 	}
 
 	move(11, 0);
-	prints("  ºÉ¶q¸Ô²Óªº¶ñ¼g±zªºªA°È³æ¦ì, ¤j±M°|®Õ½Ð³Â·Ð"
+	outs("  ºÉ¶q¸Ô²Óªº¶ñ¼g±zªºªA°È³æ¦ì, ¤j±M°|®Õ½Ð³Â·Ð"
 	       "  ¥[\033[1;33m¨t©Ò\033[m, ¤½¥q³æ¦ì½Ð¥[¾ºÙ\n"
 	       );
 	while (1) {
@@ -1487,7 +1487,7 @@ u_register(void)
 
     clear();
     move(9, 3);
-    prints("³Ì«áPost¤@½g\033[32m¦Û§Ú¤¶²Ð¤å³¹\033[mµ¹¤j®a§a¡A"
+    outs("³Ì«áPost¤@½g\033[32m¦Û§Ú¤¶²Ð¤å³¹\033[mµ¹¤j®a§a¡A"
 	   "§i¶D©Ò¦³¦Ñ°©ÀY\033[31m§Ú¨Ó°Õ^$¡C\\n\n\n\n");
     pressanykey();
     cuser.userlevel |= PERM_POST;
diff --git a/mbbsd/vice.c b/mbbsd/vice.c
index e774479c..fc8e9044 100644
--- a/mbbsd/vice.c
+++ b/mbbsd/vice.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/* $Id: vice.c,v 1.9 2003/06/28 08:49:26 kcwu Exp $ */
+/* $Id$ */
 #include "bbs.h"
 
 #define VICE_PLAY   BBSHOME "/etc/vice/vice.play"
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ ran_showfile(int y, int x, char *filename, int maxnum)
     move(y, x);
 
     while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fs))
-	prints("%s", buf);
+	outs(buf);
 
     fclose(fs);
     return 1;
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ vice_main()
     i = 0;
     move(10, 24);
     clrtoeol();
-    prints("³o¤@´Áªºµo²¼¸¹½X");
+    outs("³o¤@´Áªºµo²¼¸¹½X");
     while (fgets(serial, 15, fd)) {
 	if ((ptr = strchr(serial, '\r')))
 	    *ptr = 0;
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ vice_main()
 	if( i >= 14 )
 	    break;
 	move(10 + i, 24 + j);
-	prints("%s", serial);
+	outs(serial);
 	j += 9;
 	j %= 45;
     }
diff --git a/mbbsd/vote.c b/mbbsd/vote.c
index 2af7495f..0338427b 100644
--- a/mbbsd/vote.c
+++ b/mbbsd/vote.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ convert_to_newversion(FILE *fp, char *file, char *ballots)
     }
     fprintf(fpw, "000,000\n");
     while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp)) {
-	fprintf(fpw, "%s", buf);
+	fputs(buf, fpw);
 	count++;
     }
     rewind(fpw);
@@ -708,10 +708,10 @@ vote_maintain(char *bname)
 	strlcpy(inbuf, "¤£ª¾¦Wªº", sizeof(inbuf));
     fp = fopen(buf, "w");
     assert(fp);
-    fprintf(fp, "%s", inbuf);
+    fputs(inbuf, fp);
     fclose(fp);
 
-    prints("«ö¥ô¦óÁä¶}©l½s¿è¦¹¦¸ [§ë²¼©v¦®]");
+    outs("«ö¥ô¦óÁä¶}©l½s¿è¦¹¦¸ [§ë²¼©v¦®]");
     pressanykey();
     setbfile(buf, bname, STR_new_desc);
     aborted = vedit(buf, NA, NULL);
@@ -758,9 +758,8 @@ vote_maintain(char *bname)
     while (!aborted) {
 	if( num % 15 == 0 ){
 	    for( i = num ; i < num + 15 ; ++i ){
-		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "\033[1;30m%c)\033[m ", i + 'A');
 		move((i % 15) + 2, (i / 15) * 40);
-		prints(buf);
+		prints("\033[1;30m%c)\033[m ", i + 'A');
 	    }
 	}
 	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%c) ", num + 'A');
@@ -977,7 +976,7 @@ user_vote_one(char *bname, int ind)
 	    continue;
 	else if ( CURRENT_CHOICE ) { /* ¤w¿ï */
 	    move(((vote[0] - 'A') % 15) + 5, (((vote[0] - 'A')) / 15) * 40);
-	    prints(" ");
+	    outc(' ');
 	    CURRENT_CHOICE = 0;
 	    i--;
 	    continue;
@@ -985,14 +984,14 @@ user_vote_one(char *bname, int ind)
 	    if (i == tickets)
 		continue;
 	    move(((vote[0] - 'A') % 15) + 5, (((vote[0] - 'A')) / 15) * 40);
-	    prints("*");
+	    outc('*');
 	    CURRENT_CHOICE = 1;
 	    i++;
 	    continue;
 	}
 
 	if (vote_flag(bname, ind, vote[0]) != 0)
-	    prints("­«½Æ§ë²¼! ¤£¤©­p²¼¡C");
+	    outs("­«½Æ§ë²¼! ¤£¤©­p²¼¡C");
 	else {
 	    setbfile(buf, bname, STR_new_ballots);
 	    if ((fd = open(buf, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_APPEND, 0600)) == 0)
@@ -1044,7 +1043,7 @@ user_vote_one(char *bname, int ind)
 			}
 		}
 		move(b_lines - 1, 0);
-		prints("¤w§¹¦¨§ë²¼¡I\n");
+		outs("¤w§¹¦¨§ë²¼¡I\n");
 	    }
 	}
 	break;
@@ -1087,7 +1086,7 @@ user_vote(char *bname)
     setbfile(buf, bname, STR_new_control);
     move(0, 0);
     if ((fp = fopen(buf, "r"))) {
-	prints("(0) ");
+	outs("(0) ");
 	x = 0;
 	fclose(fp);
 
diff --git a/mbbsd/voteboard.c b/mbbsd/voteboard.c
index 3890df2a..84a50032 100644
--- a/mbbsd/voteboard.c
+++ b/mbbsd/voteboard.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ do_voteboardreply(fileheader_t * fhdr)
     clear();
     if (!CheckPostPerm()) {
 	move(5, 10);
-	prints("¹ï¤£°_¡A±z¥Ø«eµLªk¦b¦¹µoªí¤å³¹¡I");
+	outs("¹ï¤£°_¡A±z¥Ø«eµLªk¦b¦¹µoªí¤å³¹¡I");
 	pressanykey();
 	return;
     }
@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ do_voteboardreply(fileheader_t * fhdr)
             else 
                 yes++;
            }
-        if (yes>3) prints(genbuf);
+        if (yes>3) outs(genbuf);
 
 	if (!strncmp(genbuf, "³s¸pµ²§ô®É¶¡", 12)) {
 	    ptr = strchr(genbuf, '(');
 	    assert(ptr);
 	    sscanf(ptr + 1, "%ld", &endtime);
 	    if (endtime < now) {
-		prints("³s¸p®É¶¡¤w¹L");
+		outs("³s¸p®É¶¡¤w¹L");
 		pressanykey();
 		fclose(fi);
 		return;
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ do_voteboardreply(fileheader_t * fhdr)
         strtok(genbuf+4," \n");
 	if (!strncmp(genbuf + 4, cuser.userid, IDLEN)) {
 	    move(5, 10);
-	    prints("±z¤w¸g³s¸p¹L¥»½g¤F");
+	    outs("±z¤w¸g³s¸p¹L¥»½g¤F");
 	    getdata(17, 0, "­n­×§ï±z¤§«eªº³s¸p¶Ü¡H(Y/N) [N]", opnion, 3, LCECHO);
 	    if (opnion[0] != 'y') {
 		fclose(fi);
@@ -103,14 +103,14 @@ do_voteboardreply(fileheader_t * fhdr)
     while (fgets(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf), fi)) {
         if (!strncmp("----------", genbuf, 10))
 	    break;
-	fprintf(fo, "%s", genbuf);
+	fputs(genbuf, fo);
     }
     if (!endtime) {
 	now += 14 * 24 * 60 * 60;
 	fprintf(fo, "³s¸pµ²§ô®É¶¡: (%ld)%s", now, ctime(&now));
 	now -= 14 * 24 * 60 * 60;
     }
-    fprintf(fo, "%s", genbuf);
+    fputs(genbuf, fo);
     len = strlen(cuser.userid); 
     for(yes=0; fgets(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf), fi);) {
 	if (!strncmp("----------", genbuf, 10))
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ do_voteboardreply(fileheader_t * fhdr)
       }
     if (opnion[0] == 'y')
 	fprintf(fo, "%3d.%-15s%-34s ¨Ó·½:%s\n", ++yes, cuser.userid, reason, cuser.lasthost);
-    fprintf(fo, "%s", genbuf);
+    fputs(genbuf, fo);
 
     for(no=0; fgets(genbuf, sizeof(genbuf), fi);) {
 	if (!strncmp("----------", genbuf, 10))
@@ -159,20 +159,20 @@ do_voteboard(int type)
     clear();
     if (!CheckPostPerm()) {
 	move(5, 10);
-	prints("¹ï¤£°_¡A±z¥Ø«eµLªk¦b¦¹µoªí¤å³¹¡I");
+	outs("¹ï¤£°_¡A±z¥Ø«eµLªk¦b¦¹µoªí¤å³¹¡I");
 	pressanykey();
 	return FULLUPDATE;
     }
     move(0, 0);
     clrtobot();
-    prints("±z¥¿¦b¨Ï¥Î PTT ªº³s¸p¨t²Î\n");
-    prints("¥»³s¸p¨t²Î±N¸ß°Ý±z¤@¨Ç°ÝÃD¡A½Ð¤p¤ß¦^µª¤~¯à¶}©l³s¸p\n");
-    prints("¥ô·N´£¥X³s¸p®×ªÌ¡A±N³Q¦C¤J¤£¨üÅwªï¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³á\n");
+    outs("±z¥¿¦b¨Ï¥Î PTT ªº³s¸p¨t²Î\n");
+    outs("¥»³s¸p¨t²Î±N¸ß°Ý±z¤@¨Ç°ÝÃD¡A½Ð¤p¤ß¦^µª¤~¯à¶}©l³s¸p\n");
+    outs("¥ô·N´£¥X³s¸p®×ªÌ¡A±N³Q¦C¤J¤£¨üÅwªï¨Ï¥ÎªÌ³á\n");
     move(4, 0);
     clrtobot();
-    prints("(1)¬¡°Ê³s¸p (2)°O¦W¤½§ë ");
+    outs("(1)¬¡°Ê³s¸p (2)°O¦W¤½§ë ");
     if(type==0)
-      prints("(3)¥Ó½Ð·sªO (4)¼o°£ÂªO (5)³s¸pªO¥D \n(6)½}§KªO¥D (7)³s¸p¤p²Õªø (8)½}§K¤p²Õªø (9)¥Ó½Ð·s¸s²Õ\n");
+      outs("(3)¥Ó½Ð·sªO (4)¼o°£ÂªO (5)³s¸pªO¥D \n(6)½}§KªO¥D (7)³s¸p¤p²Õªø (8)½}§K¤p²Õªø (9)¥Ó½Ð·s¸s²Õ\n");
 
     do {
 	getdata(6, 0, "½Ð¿é¤J³s¸pÃþ§O [0:¨ú®ø]¡G", topic, 3, DOECHO);