#ifndef FreeBSD
#include <stdio.h>
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
puts("sorry, this program is designed for FreeBSD only");
return 0;
}
#else
/*
* Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 Kenneth D. Merry.
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* $FreeBSD: src/usr.sbin/iostat/iostat.c,v 1.17.2.2 2001/07/19 04:15:42 kris Exp $
*/
/*
* Parts of this program are derived from the original FreeBSD iostat
* program:
*/
/*-
* Copyright (c) 1986, 1991, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the University of
* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
/*
* Ideas for the new iostat statistics output modes taken from the NetBSD
* version of iostat:
*/
/*
* Copyright (c) 1996 John M. Vinopal
* All rights reserved.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
* by John M. Vinopal.
* 4. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products
* derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
* OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.
* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
* LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/dkstat.h>
#include <err.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <kvm.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <devstat.h>
struct nlist namelist[] = {
#define X_TK_NIN 0
{ "_tk_nin" },
#define X_TK_NOUT 1
{ "_tk_nout" },
#define X_CP_TIME 2
{ "_cp_time" },
#define X_HZ 3
{ "_hz" },
#define X_STATHZ 4
{ "_stathz" },
#define X_END 4
{ NULL },
};
struct statinfo cur, last;
int num_devices;
struct device_selection *dev_select;
int maxshowdevs;
int dflag = 1, Iflag = 0, Cflag = 0, Tflag = 0, oflag = 0, Kflag = 0, Bflag = 1, qflag = 0, sflag = 0, aflag = 0, fflag = 1;
#define nlread(x, v) \
kvm_read(kd, namelist[x].n_value, &(v), sizeof(v))
/* local function declarations */
static void usage(void);
static void phdr(int signo);
static void devstats(int perf_select);
static void cpustats(void);
static void printresult(int p);
static void
usage(void)
{
/*
* We also support the following 'traditional' syntax:
* iostat [drives] [wait [count]]
* This isn't mentioned in the man page, or the usage statement,
* but it is supported.
*/
fprintf(stderr, "usage: iostat [-CdhIKoT?] [-c count] [-M core]"
" [-n devs] [-N system]\n"
"\t [-t type,if,pass] [-w wait] [drives]\n");
}
char firsttime = 1;
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int c;
register int i;
int tflag = 0, hflag = 0, cflag = 0, wflag = 1, nflag = 0;
int count = 0, waittime = 2;
char *memf = NULL, *nlistf = NULL;
struct devstat_match *matches;
int num_matches = 0;
char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
kvm_t *kd;
int hz, stathz;
int headercount;
long generation;
int num_devices_specified;
int num_selected, num_selections;
long select_generation;
char **specified_devices;
devstat_select_mode select_mode;
matches = NULL;
maxshowdevs = 10;
while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "c:CdhIKM:n:N:ot:Tw:?qsaf:")) != -1) {
switch(c) {
case 'c':
cflag++;
count = atoi(optarg);
if (count < 1)
errx(1, "count %d is < 1", count);
break;
case 'C':
Cflag++;
break;
case 'd':
dflag++;
break;
case 'h':
hflag++;
break;
case 'I':
Iflag++;
break;
case 'K':
Kflag++;
break;
case 'M':
memf = optarg;
break;
case 'n':
nflag++;
maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
if (maxshowdevs < 0)
errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
maxshowdevs);
break;
case 'N':
nlistf = optarg;
break;
case 'o':
oflag++;
break;
case 't':
tflag++;
if (buildmatch(optarg, &matches,
&num_matches) != 0)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 'T':
Tflag++;
break;
case 'w':
wflag++;
waittime = atoi(optarg);
if (waittime < 1)
errx(1, "wait time is < 1");
break;
case 'q': /* statistics only */
qflag++;
break;
case 's': /* scsi only */
sflag++;
break;
case 'a': /* average only */
aflag++;
break;
case 'f': /* factor output */
fflag = atoi(optarg);
break;
default:
usage();
exit(1);
break;
}
}
argc -= optind;
argv += optind;
/*
* Discard setgid privileges if not the running kernel so that bad
* guys can't print interesting stuff from kernel memory.
*/
if (nlistf != NULL || memf != NULL)
setgid(getgid());
/*
* Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the kernel
* devstat version. If not, exit and print a message informing
* the user of his mistake.
*/
if (checkversion() < 0)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
#if 0
/*
* Figure out how many devices we should display.
*/
if (nflag == 0) {
if (oflag > 0) {
if ((dflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0) && (Tflag == 0))
maxshowdevs = 5;
else if ((dflag > 0) && (Tflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0))
maxshowdevs = 5;
else
maxshowdevs = 4;
} else {
if ((dflag > 0) && (Cflag == 0))
maxshowdevs = 4;
else
maxshowdevs = 3;
}
}
#endif
signal(SIGINT, printresult);
/* find out how many devices we have */
if ((num_devices = getnumdevs()) < 0)
err(1, "can't get number of devices");
if ((cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo))) ==
NULL)
err(1, "devinfo malloc failed");
if ((last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo))) ==
NULL)
err(1, "devinfo malloc failed");
bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
/*
* Grab all the devices. We don't look to see if the list has
* changed here, since it almost certainly has. We only look for
* errors.
*/
if (getdevs(&cur) == -1)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
/*
* If the user specified any devices on the command line, see if
* they are in the list of devices we have now.
*/
if ((specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *))) == NULL)
err(1, "specified_devices malloc failed");
for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
if (isdigit(**argv))
break;
num_devices_specified++;
specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
sizeof(char *) *
num_devices_specified);
specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
}
if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
dev_select = NULL;
if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0))
select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
else
select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
/*
* At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
* device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
* or 1. If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
*/
if (selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
&num_selections, &select_generation,
generation, cur.dinfo->devices, num_devices,
matches, num_matches,
specified_devices, num_devices_specified,
select_mode, maxshowdevs, hflag) == -1)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
/*
* Look for the traditional wait time and count arguments.
*/
if (*argv) {
waittime = atoi(*argv);
/* Let the user know he goofed, but keep going anyway */
if (wflag != 0)
warnx("discarding previous wait interval, using"
" %d instead", waittime);
wflag++;
if (*++argv) {
count = atoi(*argv);
if (cflag != 0)
warnx("discarding previous count, using %d"
" instead", count);
cflag++;
} else
count = -1;
}
/*
* If the user specified a count, but not an interval, we default
* to an interval of 1 second.
*/
if ((wflag == 0) && (cflag > 0))
waittime = 1;
/*
* If the user specified a wait time, but not a count, we want to
* go on ad infinitum. This can be redundant if the user uses the
* traditional method of specifying the wait, since in that case we
* already set count = -1 above. Oh well.
*/
if ((wflag > 0) && (cflag == 0))
count = -1;
kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
if (kd == 0)
errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
if (kvm_nlist(kd, namelist) == -1)
errx(1, "kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
(void)nlread(X_HZ, hz);
(void)nlread(X_STATHZ, stathz);
if (stathz)
hz = stathz;
/*
* If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
* print out the header again.
*/
(void)signal(SIGCONT, phdr);
for (headercount = 1;;) {
struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
long tmp;
double etime;
if (!--headercount) {
phdr(0);
headercount = 20;
}
(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_TK_NIN].n_value,
&cur.tk_nin, sizeof(cur.tk_nin));
(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_TK_NOUT].n_value,
&cur.tk_nout, sizeof(cur.tk_nout));
(void)kvm_read(kd, namelist[X_CP_TIME].n_value,
cur.cp_time, sizeof(cur.cp_time));
tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
last.busy_time = cur.busy_time;
/*
* Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
* getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
* If the device list has changed, we want to go through
* the selection process again, in case a device that we
* were previously displaying has gone away.
*/
switch (getdevs(&cur)) {
case -1:
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 1: {
int retval;
num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
&num_selections, &select_generation,
generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
num_devices, matches, num_matches,
specified_devices,
num_devices_specified,
select_mode, maxshowdevs, hflag);
switch(retval) {
case -1:
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 1:
phdr(0);
headercount = 20;
break;
default:
break;
}
break;
}
default:
break;
}
/*
* We only want to re-select devices if we're in 'top'
* mode. This is the only mode where the devices selected
* could actually change.
*/
if (hflag > 0) {
int retval;
retval = selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
&num_selections, &select_generation,
generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
num_devices, matches, num_matches,
specified_devices,
num_devices_specified,
select_mode, maxshowdevs, hflag);
switch(retval) {
case -1:
errx(1,"%s", devstat_errbuf);
break;
case 1:
phdr(0);
headercount = 20;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
tmp = cur.tk_nin;
cur.tk_nin -= last.tk_nin;
last.tk_nin = tmp;
tmp = cur.tk_nout;
cur.tk_nout -= last.tk_nout;
last.tk_nout = tmp;
etime = 0.0;
#define X(fld) tmp = cur.fld[i]; cur.fld[i] -= last.fld[i]; last.fld[i] = tmp
for (i = 0; i < CPUSTATES; i++) {
X(cp_time);
etime += cur.cp_time[i];
}
if (etime == 0.0)
etime = 1.0;
etime /= (float)hz;
if ((dflag == 0) || (Tflag > 0))
printf("%4.0f%5.0f", cur.tk_nin / etime,
cur.tk_nout/etime);
devstats(hflag);
if ((dflag == 0) || (Cflag > 0))
cpustats();
if( !qflag ) printf("\n");
fflush(stdout);
if (count >= 0 && --count <= 0)
break;
sleep(waittime);
firsttime = 0;
}
printresult(0);
exit(0);
}
static void
phdr(int signo)
{
register int i;
int printed;
if( firsttime ){
for( i = 0 ; i < num_devices ; ++i ){
int di = dev_select[i].position;
if( strcmp(cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name, "ad") != 0 &&
strcmp(cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name, "da") != 0 ){
maxshowdevs = i;
break;
}
}
}
if( qflag )
return;
if ((dflag == 0) || (Tflag > 0))
(void)printf(" tty");
for (i = 0, printed=0;(i < num_devices) && (printed < maxshowdevs);i++){
int di;
if ((dev_select[i].selected != 0)
&& (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs)) {
di = dev_select[i].position;
if (oflag > 0)
(void)printf("%12.6s%d ",
cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name,
cur.dinfo->devices[di].unit_number);
else
printf(cur.dinfo->devices[di].unit_number < 10 ? "%6s%d" : "%5s%2d",
cur.dinfo->devices[di].device_name,
cur.dinfo->devices[di].unit_number);
printed++;
}
}
if ((dflag == 0) || (Cflag > 0))
(void)printf(" cpu\n");
else
(void)printf("\n");
if ((dflag == 0) || (Tflag > 0))
(void)printf(" tin tout");
for (i=0, printed = 0;(i < num_devices) && (printed < maxshowdevs);i++){
if ((dev_select[i].selected != 0)
&& (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs)) {
if (oflag > 0) {
if (Iflag == 0)
(void)printf(" sps tps msps ");
else
(void)printf(" blk xfr msps ");
} else {
if(Bflag)
printf(" busy");
else if (Iflag == 0)
printf(" KB/t tps MB/s ");
else
printf(" KB/t xfrs MB ");
}
printed++;
}
}
if ((dflag == 0) || (Cflag > 0))
(void)printf(" us ni sy in id\n");
else
printf("\n");
}
int counttimes = -1;
float busydata[1024];
int sf(const void *a, const void *b)
{
if( busydata[*(int *)b] > busydata[*(int *)a] )
return 1;
return -1;
}
static void printresult(int p)
{
int dn, id[1024], i;
if( counttimes > 0 ){
if( aflag ){
float dat = 0;
int nDrivers = 0;
for( i = 0 ; i < maxshowdevs ; ++i )
if( !sflag ||
strcmp(cur.dinfo->devices[i].device_name, "da") == 0 ){
dat += busydata[i];
++nDrivers;
}
printf("%f\n", dat * fflag / nDrivers / counttimes);
}
else{
printf("\n");
for( i = 0 ; i < maxshowdevs ; ++i )
id[i] = i;
qsort(id, maxshowdevs, sizeof(int), sf);
printf("--- diskstat statistics (%d samples)---\n", counttimes);
for (dn = 0; dn < maxshowdevs; dn++)
printf(" %s%d: %10f%%\n",
cur.dinfo->devices[ id[dn] ].device_name,
cur.dinfo->devices[ id[dn] ].unit_number,
(float)busydata[ id[dn] ] / counttimes);
printf("\n");
}
}
exit(0);
}
static void
devstats(int perf_select)
{
register int dn;
long double transfers_per_second;
long double kb_per_transfer, mb_per_second;
u_int64_t total_bytes, total_transfers, total_blocks;
long double busy_seconds;
long double total_mb;
long double blocks_per_second, ms_per_transaction;
long double device_busy;
/*
* Calculate elapsed time up front, since it's the same for all
* devices.
*/
busy_seconds = compute_etime(cur.busy_time, last.busy_time);
for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
int di;
float thisbusy;
if (((perf_select == 0) && (dev_select[dn].selected == 0))
|| (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
continue;
di = dev_select[dn].position;
device_busy = compute_etime(cur.dinfo->devices[di].busy_time,
last.dinfo->devices[di].busy_time);
if (compute_stats(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
&last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
&total_bytes, &total_transfers,
&total_blocks, &kb_per_transfer,
&transfers_per_second, &mb_per_second,
&blocks_per_second, &ms_per_transaction)!= 0)
errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
if( (device_busy == 0) && (transfers_per_second > 5) )
/* the device has been 100% busy, fake it because
* as long as the device is 100% busy the busy_time
* field in the devstat struct is not updated */
device_busy = busy_seconds;
if (device_busy > busy_seconds)
/* this normally happens after one or more periods
* where the device has been 100% busy, correct it */
device_busy = busy_seconds;
thisbusy = (firsttime) ? 0 : device_busy * 100 / busy_seconds;
busydata[dn] += thisbusy;
if (perf_select != 0) {
dev_select[dn].bytes = total_bytes;
if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
|| (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
continue;
}
if (Kflag) {
int block_size = cur.dinfo->devices[di].block_size;
total_blocks = total_blocks * (block_size ?
block_size : 512) / 1024;
}
if (oflag > 0) {
int msdig = (ms_per_transaction < 100.0) ? 1 : 0;
if (Iflag == 0)
printf("%4.0Lf%4.0Lf%5.*Lf ",
blocks_per_second,
transfers_per_second,
msdig,
ms_per_transaction);
else
printf("%4.1qu%4.1qu%5.*Lf ",
total_blocks,
total_transfers,
msdig,
ms_per_transaction);
} else if( !qflag ) {
if (Bflag)
printf(" %5.1f%%", thisbusy);
else if (Iflag == 0){
printf(" %5.2Lf %3.0Lf %5.2Lf ",
kb_per_transfer,
transfers_per_second,
mb_per_second);
}
else {
total_mb = total_bytes;
total_mb /= 1024 * 1024;
printf(" %5.2Lf %3.1qu %5.2Lf ",
kb_per_transfer,
total_transfers,
total_mb);
}
}
}
++counttimes;
}
static void
cpustats(void)
{
register int state;
double time;
time = 0.0;
for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
time += cur.cp_time[state];
for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
printf("%3.0f",
100. * cur.cp_time[state] / (time ? time : 1));
}
#endif // FreeBSD
