<appendix id="fdl">
<title>GNU Free Documentation License</title>
<para>
Version 1.1, March 2000
</para>
<para>
Copyright © 2000
<address>
Free Software Foundation, Inc.
<street>59 Temple Place, Suite 330</street>,
<city>Boston</city>,
<state>MA</state>
<postcode>02111-1307</postcode>
<country>USA</country>
</address>
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
document, but changing it is not allowed.
</para>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry id="fdl-preamble">
<term>0. PREAMBLE</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
written document "free" in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone
the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without
modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily,
this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get
credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for
modifications made by others.
</para>
<para>
This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
license designed for free software.
</para>
<para>
We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it
can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section1">
<term>1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS</term>
<listitem>
<para id="fdl-document">
This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a
notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed
under the terms of this License. The <link
linkend="fdl-document">"Document" </link>, below, refers to any such
manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is
addressed as "you".
</para>
<para id="fdl-modified">
A <link linkend="fdl-modified">"Modified Version"</link> of the
Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it,
either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into
another language.
</para>
<para id="fdl-secondary">
A <link linkend="fdl-secondary">"Secondary Section"</link> is a named
appendix or a front-matter section of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> that deals exclusively with the
relationship of the publishers or authors of the <link
linkend="fdl-document"> Document</link> to the <link
linkend="fdl-document"> Document's</link> overall subject (or to
related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within
that overall subject. (For example, if the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is in part a textbook of
mathematics, a <link linkend="fdl-secondary">Secondary Section</link>
may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter
of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or
of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position
regarding them.
</para>
<para id="fdl-invariant">
The <link linkend="fdl-invariant">"Invariant Sections"</link> are
certain <link linkend="fdl-secondary"> Secondary Sections</link> whose
titles are designated, as being those of <link
linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link>, in the notice that
says that the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is released
under this License.
</para>
<para id="fdl-cover-texts">
The <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">"Cover Texts"</link> are certain
short passages of text that are listed, as <link
linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Texts</link> or <link
linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Texts</link>, in the notice that
says that the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is released
under this License.
</para>
<para id="fdl-transparent">
A <link linkend="fdl-transparent">"Transparent"</link> copy of the
<link linkend="fdl-document"> Document</link> means a machine-readable
copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the
general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and
straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise <link
linkend="fdl-transparent"> Transparent</link> file format whose markup
has been designed to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by
readers is not <link linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link>. A
copy that is not <link linkend="fdl-transparent">"Transparent"</link>
is called "Opaque".
</para>
<para>
Examples of suitable formats for <link
linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link> copies include plain
ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
HTML designed for human modification. Opaque formats include
PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only
by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
processing tools are not generally available, and the
machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output
purposes only.
</para>
<para id="fdl-title-page">
The <link linkend="fdl-title-page">"Title Page"</link> means, for a
printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are
needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear
in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title
page as such, <link linkend="fdl-title-page"> "Title Page"</link>
means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section2">
<term>2. VERBATIM COPYING</term>
<listitem>
<para>
You may copy and distribute the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> in any medium, either
commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
to the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> are reproduced in
all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those
of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or
control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or
distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for
copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must
also follow the conditions in <link linkend="fdl-section3">section
3</link>.
</para>
<para>
You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
you may publicly display copies.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section3">
<term>3. COPYING IN QUANTITY</term>
<listitem>
<para>
If you publish printed copies of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> numbering more than 100, and
the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document's</link> license notice
requires <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link>, you must
enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all
these <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link>: Front-Cover
Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both
covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of
these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all
words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other
material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to
the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> and satisfy these conditions,
can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.
</para>
<para>
If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
pages.
</para>
<para>
If you publish or distribute <link
linkend="fdl-transparent">Opaque</link> copies of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> numbering more than 100, you
must either include a machine-readable <link
linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link> copy along with each
<link linkend="fdl-transparent">Opaque</link> copy, or state in or
with each <link linkend="fdl-transparent">Opaque</link> copy a
publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete
<link linkend="fdl-transparent"> Transparent</link> copy of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, free of added material, which
the general network-using public has access to download anonymously at
no charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the
latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin
distribution of <link linkend="fdl-transparent">Opaque</link> copies
in quantity, to ensure that this <link
linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link> copy will remain thus
accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the
last time you distribute an <link
linkend="fdl-transparent">Opaque</link> copy (directly or through your
agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.
</para>
<para>
It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
<link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> well before
redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to
provide you with an updated version of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section4">
<term>4. MODIFICATIONS</term>
<listitem>
<para>
You may copy and distribute a <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
Version</link> of the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>
under the conditions of sections <link linkend="fdl-section2">2</link>
and <link linkend="fdl-section3">3</link> above, provided that you
release the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> under
precisely this License, with the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
Version</link> filling the role of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, thus licensing distribution
and modification of the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
Version</link> to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you
must do these things in the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
Version</link>:
</para>
<itemizedlist mark="opencircle">
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>A</title>
<para>
Use in the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link> (and
on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, and from those of
previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in
the History section of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>). You may use the same
title as a previous version if the original publisher of that
version gives permission.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>B</title>
<para>
List on the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link>, as
authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for
authorship of the modifications in the <link
linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>, together with at
least five of the principal authors of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> (all of its principal
authors, if it has less than five).
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>C</title>
<para>
State on the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link>
the name of the publisher of the <link
linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>, as the
publisher.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>D</title>
<para>
Preserve all the copyright notices of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>E</title>
<para>
Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
adjacent to the other copyright notices.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>F</title>
<para>
Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license
notice giving the public permission to use the <link
linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> under the terms
of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>G</title>
<para>
Preserve in that license notice the full lists of <link
linkend="fdl-invariant"> Invariant Sections</link> and required
<link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link> given in the
<link linkend="fdl-document">Document's</link> license notice.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>H</title>
<para>
Include an unaltered copy of this License.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>I</title>
<para>
Preserve the section entitled "History", and its title, and add
to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
publisher of the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version
</link>as given on the <link linkend="fdl-title-page">Title
Page</link>. If there is no section entitled "History" in the
<link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, create one stating
the title, year, authors, and publisher of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> as given on its <link
linkend="fdl-title-page">Title Page</link>, then add an item
describing the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
Version</link> as stated in the previous sentence.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>J</title>
<para>
Preserve the network location, if any, given in the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> for public access to a
<link linkend="fdl-transparent">Transparent</link> copy of the
<link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, and likewise the
network locations given in the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> for previous versions it
was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section. You
may omit a network location for a work that was published at
least four years before the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> itself, or if the
original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>K</title>
<para>
In any section entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all
the substance and tone of each of the contributor
acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>L</title>
<para>
Preserve all the <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
Sections</link> of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, unaltered in their text
and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not
considered part of the section titles.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>M</title>
<para>
Delete any section entitled "Endorsements". Such a section may
not be included in the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
Version</link>.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<formalpara>
<title>N</title>
<para>
Do not retitle any existing section as "Endorsements" or to
conflict in title with any <link
linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Section</link>.
</para>
</formalpara>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
If the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link> includes
new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as <link
linkend="fdl-secondary">Secondary Sections</link> and contain no
material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate
some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their
titles to the list of <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
Sections</link> in the <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
Version's</link> license notice. These titles must be distinct from
any other section titles.
</para>
<para>
You may add a section entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
nothing but endorsements of your <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
Version</link> by various parties--for example, statements of peer
review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the
authoritative definition of a standard.
</para>
<para>
You may add a passage of up to five words as a <link
linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Text</link>, and a passage of up
to 25 words as a <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover
Text</link>, to the end of the list of <link
linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link> in the <link
linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version</link>. Only one passage of
<link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Text</link> and one of
<link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Text</link> may be added by
(or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> already includes a cover text
for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by
the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another;
but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the
previous publisher that added the old one.
</para>
<para>
The author(s) and publisher(s) of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> do not by this License give
permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply
endorsement of any <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified Version
</link>.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section5">
<term>5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS</term>
<listitem>
<para>
You may combine the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> with
other documents released under this License, under the terms defined
in <link linkend="fdl-section4">section 4</link> above for modified
versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
<link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> of all of the
original documents, unmodified, and list them all as <link
linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> of your combined
work in its license notice.
</para>
<para>
The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
multiple identical <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
Sections</link> may be replaced with a single copy. If there are
multiple <link linkend="fdl-invariant"> Invariant Sections</link> with
the same name but different contents, make the title of each such
section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of
the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a
unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the
list of <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> in the
license notice of the combined work.
</para>
<para>
In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled "History"
in the various original documents, forming one section entitled
"History"; likewise combine any sections entitled "Acknowledgements",
and any sections entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
entitled "Endorsements."
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section6">
<term>6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS</term>
<listitem>
<para>
You may make a collection consisting of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> and other documents released
under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License
in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the
collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
</para>
<para>
You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
document.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section7">
<term>7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS</term>
<listitem>
<para>
A compilation of the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> or
its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or
works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, does not
as a whole count as a <link linkend="fdl-modified">Modified
Version</link> of the <link linkend="fdl-document"> Document</link>,
provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the compilation.
Such a compilation is called an "aggregate", and this License does not
apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled with the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> , on account of their being
thus compiled, if they are not themselves derivative works of the
<link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>. If the <link
linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Text</link> requirement of <link
linkend="fdl-section3">section 3</link> is applicable to these copies
of the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link>, then if the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is less than one quarter of the
entire aggregate, the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document's</link>
<link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Cover Texts</link> may be placed on
covers that surround only the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> within the aggregate. Otherwise
they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section8">
<term>8. TRANSLATION</term>
<listitem>
<para>
Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
distribute translations of the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> under the terms of <link
linkend="fdl-section4">section 4</link>. Replacing <link
linkend="fdl-invariant"> Invariant Sections</link> with translations
requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may
include translations of some or all <link
linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> in addition to the
original versions of these <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
Sections</link>. You may include a translation of this License
provided that you also include the original English version of this
License. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the
original English version of this License, the original English version
will prevail.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section9">
<term>9. TERMINATION</term>
<listitem>
<para>
You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the <link
linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> except as expressly provided
for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense
or distribute the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> is
void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this
License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from
you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long
as such parties remain in full compliance.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-section10">
<term>10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE</term>
<listitem>
<para>
The <ulink type="http" url="http://www.gnu.org/fsf/fsf.html">Free
Software Foundation</ulink> may publish new, revised versions of the
GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
detail to address new problems or concerns. See <ulink type="http"
url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft">http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/</ulink>.
</para>
<para>
Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version
number. If the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> specifies
that a particular numbered version of this License "or any later
version" applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and
conditions either of that specified version or of any later version
that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software
Foundation. If the <link linkend="fdl-document">Document</link> does
not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any
version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software
Foundation.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry id="fdl-using">
<term>Addendum</term>
<listitem>
<para>
To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
the License in the document and put the following copyright and
license notices just after the title page:
</para>
<para>
Copyright © YEAR YOUR NAME.
</para>
<para>
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or
any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the
<link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant Sections</link> being LIST
THEIR TITLES, with the <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover
Texts</link> being LIST, and with the <link
linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Texts</link> being LIST. A copy
of the license is included in the section entitled <quote>GNU Free
Documentation License</quote>.
</para>
<para>
If you have no <link linkend="fdl-invariant">Invariant
Sections</link>, write "with no Invariant Sections" instead of saying
which ones are invariant. If you have no <link
linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Front-Cover Texts</link>, write "no
Front-Cover Texts" instead of "Front-Cover Texts being LIST"; likewise
for <link linkend="fdl-cover-texts">Back-Cover Texts</link>.
</para>
<para>
If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
free software license, such as the <ulink type="http"
url="http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html"> GNU General Public
License</ulink>, to permit their use in free software.
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</appendix>
