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package opentracing

import (
    "errors"
    "net/http"
)

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CORE PROPAGATION INTERFACES:
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

var (
    // ErrUnsupportedFormat occurs when the `format` passed to Tracer.Inject() or
    // Tracer.Extract() is not recognized by the Tracer implementation.
    ErrUnsupportedFormat = errors.New("opentracing: Unknown or unsupported Inject/Extract format")

    // ErrSpanContextNotFound occurs when the `carrier` passed to
    // Tracer.Extract() is valid and uncorrupted but has insufficient
    // information to extract a SpanContext.
    ErrSpanContextNotFound = errors.New("opentracing: SpanContext not found in Extract carrier")

    // ErrInvalidSpanContext errors occur when Tracer.Inject() is asked to
    // operate on a SpanContext which it is not prepared to handle (for
    // example, since it was created by a different tracer implementation).
    ErrInvalidSpanContext = errors.New("opentracing: SpanContext type incompatible with tracer")

    // ErrInvalidCarrier errors occur when Tracer.Inject() or Tracer.Extract()
    // implementations expect a different type of `carrier` than they are
    // given.
    ErrInvalidCarrier = errors.New("opentracing: Invalid Inject/Extract carrier")

    // ErrSpanContextCorrupted occurs when the `carrier` passed to
    // Tracer.Extract() is of the expected type but is corrupted.
    ErrSpanContextCorrupted = errors.New("opentracing: SpanContext data corrupted in Extract carrier")
)

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// BUILTIN PROPAGATION FORMATS:
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// BuiltinFormat is used to demarcate the values within package `opentracing`
// that are intended for use with the Tracer.Inject() and Tracer.Extract()
// methods.
type BuiltinFormat byte

const (
    // Binary represents SpanContexts as opaque binary data.
    //
    // For Tracer.Inject(): the carrier must be an `io.Writer`.
    //
    // For Tracer.Extract(): the carrier must be an `io.Reader`.
    Binary BuiltinFormat = iota

    // TextMap represents SpanContexts as key:value string pairs.
    //
    // Unlike HTTPHeaders, the TextMap format does not restrict the key or
    // value character sets in any way.
    //
    // For Tracer.Inject(): the carrier must be a `TextMapWriter`.
    //
    // For Tracer.Extract(): the carrier must be a `TextMapReader`.
    TextMap

    // HTTPHeaders represents SpanContexts as HTTP header string pairs.
    //
    // Unlike TextMap, the HTTPHeaders format requires that the keys and values
    // be valid as HTTP headers as-is (i.e., character casing may be unstable
    // and special characters are disallowed in keys, values should be
    // URL-escaped, etc).
    //
    // For Tracer.Inject(): the carrier must be a `TextMapWriter`.
    //
    // For Tracer.Extract(): the carrier must be a `TextMapReader`.
    //
    // See HTTPHeadersCarrier for an implementation of both TextMapWriter
    // and TextMapReader that defers to an http.Header instance for storage.
    // For example, Inject():
    //
    //    carrier := opentracing.HTTPHeadersCarrier(httpReq.Header)
    //    err := span.Tracer().Inject(
    //        span.Context(), opentracing.HTTPHeaders, carrier)
    //
    // Or Extract():
    //
    //    carrier := opentracing.HTTPHeadersCarrier(httpReq.Header)
    //    clientContext, err := tracer.Extract(
    //        opentracing.HTTPHeaders, carrier)
    //
    HTTPHeaders
)

// TextMapWriter is the Inject() carrier for the TextMap builtin format. With
// it, the caller can encode a SpanContext for propagation as entries in a map
// of unicode strings.
type TextMapWriter interface {
    // Set a key:value pair to the carrier. Multiple calls to Set() for the
    // same key leads to undefined behavior.
    //
    // NOTE: The backing store for the TextMapWriter may contain data unrelated
    // to SpanContext. As such, Inject() and Extract() implementations that
    // call the TextMapWriter and TextMapReader interfaces must agree on a
    // prefix or other convention to distinguish their own key:value pairs.
    Set(key, val string)
}

// TextMapReader is the Extract() carrier for the TextMap builtin format. With it,
// the caller can decode a propagated SpanContext as entries in a map of
// unicode strings.
type TextMapReader interface {
    // ForeachKey returns TextMap contents via repeated calls to the `handler`
    // function. If any call to `handler` returns a non-nil error, ForeachKey
    // terminates and returns that error.
    //
    // NOTE: The backing store for the TextMapReader may contain data unrelated
    // to SpanContext. As such, Inject() and Extract() implementations that
    // call the TextMapWriter and TextMapReader interfaces must agree on a
    // prefix or other convention to distinguish their own key:value pairs.
    //
    // The "foreach" callback pattern reduces unnecessary copying in some cases
    // and also allows implementations to hold locks while the map is read.
    ForeachKey(handler func(key, val string) error) error
}

// TextMapCarrier allows the use of regular map[string]string
// as both TextMapWriter and TextMapReader.
type TextMapCarrier map[string]string

// ForeachKey conforms to the TextMapReader interface.
func (c TextMapCarrier) ForeachKey(handler func(key, val string) error) error {
    for k, v := range c {
        if err := handler(k, v); err != nil {
            return err
        }
    }
    return nil
}

// Set implements Set() of opentracing.TextMapWriter
func (c TextMapCarrier) Set(key, val string) {
    c[key] = val
}

// HTTPHeadersCarrier satisfies both TextMapWriter and TextMapReader.
//
// Example usage for server side:
//
//     carrier := opentracing.HTTPHeadersCarrier(httpReq.Header)
//     clientContext, err := tracer.Extract(opentracing.HTTPHeaders, carrier)
//
// Example usage for client side:
//
//     carrier := opentracing.HTTPHeadersCarrier(httpReq.Header)
//     err := tracer.Inject(
//         span.Context(),
//         opentracing.HTTPHeaders,
//         carrier)
//
type HTTPHeadersCarrier http.Header

// Set conforms to the TextMapWriter interface.
func (c HTTPHeadersCarrier) Set(key, val string) {
    h := http.Header(c)
    h.Add(key, val)
}

// ForeachKey conforms to the TextMapReader interface.
func (c HTTPHeadersCarrier) ForeachKey(handler func(key, val string) error) error {
    for k, vals := range c {
        for _, v := range vals {
            if err := handler(k, v); err != nil {
                return err
            }
        }
    }
    return nil
}