path: root/eth/backend.go

package eth

import (
    "crypto/ecdsa"
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "path"
    "strings"

    "github.com/ethereum/ethash"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/blockpool"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger/glog"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/miner"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p/discover"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p/nat"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/whisper"
)

var (
    jsonlogger = logger.NewJsonLogger()

    defaultBootNodes = []*discover.Node{
        // ETH/DEV cmd/bootnode
        discover.MustParseNode("enode://09fbeec0d047e9a37e63f60f8618aa9df0e49271f3fadb2c070dc09e2099b95827b63a8b837c6fd01d0802d457dd83e3bd48bd3e6509f8209ed90dabbc30e3d3@52.16.188.185:30303"),
        // ETH/DEV cpp-ethereum (poc-9.ethdev.com)
        discover.MustParseNode("enode://487611428e6c99a11a9795a6abe7b529e81315ca6aad66e2a2fc76e3adf263faba0d35466c2f8f68d561dbefa8878d4df5f1f2ddb1fbeab7f42ffb8cd328bd4a@5.1.83.226:30303"),
    }
)

type Config struct {
    Name            string
    ProtocolVersion int
    NetworkId       int

    BlockChainVersion  int
    SkipBcVersionCheck bool // e.g. blockchain export

    DataDir  string
    LogFile  string
    LogLevel int
    LogJSON  string
    VmDebug  bool

    MaxPeers int
    Port     string

    // This should be a space-separated list of
    // discovery node URLs.
    BootNodes string

    // This key is used to identify the node on the network.
    // If nil, an ephemeral key is used.
    NodeKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey

    NAT  nat.Interface
    Shh  bool
    Dial bool

    Etherbase      string
    MinerThreads   int
    AccountManager *accounts.Manager

    // NewDB is used to create databases.
    // If nil, the default is to create leveldb databases on disk.
    NewDB func(path string) (common.Database, error)
}

func (cfg *Config) parseBootNodes() []*discover.Node {
    if cfg.BootNodes == "" {
        return defaultBootNodes
    }
    var ns []*discover.Node
    for _, url := range strings.Split(cfg.BootNodes, " ") {
        if url == "" {
            continue
        }
        n, err := discover.ParseNode(url)
        if err != nil {
            glog.V(logger.Error).Infof("Bootstrap URL %s: %v\n", url, err)
            continue
        }
        ns = append(ns, n)
    }
    return ns
}

func (cfg *Config) nodeKey() (*ecdsa.PrivateKey, error) {
    // use explicit key from command line args if set
    if cfg.NodeKey != nil {
        return cfg.NodeKey, nil
    }
    // use persistent key if present
    keyfile := path.Join(cfg.DataDir, "nodekey")
    key, err := crypto.LoadECDSA(keyfile)
    if err == nil {
        return key, nil
    }
    // no persistent key, generate and store a new one
    if key, err = crypto.GenerateKey(); err != nil {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not generate server key: %v", err)
    }
    if err := ioutil.WriteFile(keyfile, crypto.FromECDSA(key), 0600); err != nil {
        glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("could not persist nodekey: ", err)
    }
    return key, nil
}

type Ethereum struct {
    // Channel for shutting down the ethereum
    shutdownChan chan bool

    // DB interfaces
    blockDb common.Database // Block chain database
    stateDb common.Database // State changes database
    extraDb common.Database // Extra database (txs, etc)

    //*** SERVICES ***
    // State manager for processing new blocks and managing the over all states
    blockProcessor *core.BlockProcessor
    txPool         *core.TxPool
    chainManager   *core.ChainManager
    blockPool      *blockpool.BlockPool
    accountManager *accounts.Manager
    whisper        *whisper.Whisper
    pow            *ethash.Ethash

    net      *p2p.Server
    eventMux *event.TypeMux
    txSub    event.Subscription
    blockSub event.Subscription
    miner    *miner.Miner

    // logger logger.LogSystem

    Mining        bool
    DataDir       string
    etherbase     common.Address
    clientVersion string
    ethVersionId  int
    netVersionId  int
    shhVersionId  int
}

func New(config *Config) (*Ethereum, error) {
    // Bootstrap database
    logger.New(config.DataDir, config.LogFile, config.LogLevel)
    if len(config.LogJSON) > 0 {
        logger.NewJSONsystem(config.DataDir, config.LogJSON)
    }

    newdb := config.NewDB
    if newdb == nil {
        newdb = func(path string) (common.Database, error) { return ethdb.NewLDBDatabase(path) }
    }
    blockDb, err := newdb(path.Join(config.DataDir, "blockchain"))
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    stateDb, err := newdb(path.Join(config.DataDir, "state"))
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    extraDb, err := ethdb.NewLDBDatabase(path.Join(config.DataDir, "extra"))

    // Perform database sanity checks
    d, _ := blockDb.Get([]byte("ProtocolVersion"))
    protov := int(common.NewValue(d).Uint())
    if protov != config.ProtocolVersion && protov != 0 {
        path := path.Join(config.DataDir, "blockchain")
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("Database version mismatch. Protocol(%d / %d). `rm -rf %s`", protov, config.ProtocolVersion, path)
    }
    saveProtocolVersion(blockDb, config.ProtocolVersion)
    glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Protocol Version: %v, Network Id: %v", config.ProtocolVersion, config.NetworkId)

    if !config.SkipBcVersionCheck {
        b, _ := blockDb.Get([]byte("BlockchainVersion"))
        bcVersion := int(common.NewValue(b).Uint())
        if bcVersion != config.BlockChainVersion && bcVersion != 0 {
            return nil, fmt.Errorf("Blockchain DB version mismatch (%d / %d). Run geth upgradedb.\n", bcVersion, config.BlockChainVersion)
        }
        saveBlockchainVersion(blockDb, config.BlockChainVersion)
    }
    glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Blockchain DB Version: %d", config.BlockChainVersion)

    eth := &Ethereum{
        shutdownChan:   make(chan bool),
        blockDb:        blockDb,
        stateDb:        stateDb,
        extraDb:        extraDb,
        eventMux:       &event.TypeMux{},
        accountManager: config.AccountManager,
        DataDir:        config.DataDir,
        etherbase:      common.HexToAddress(config.Etherbase),
        clientVersion:  config.Name, // TODO should separate from Name
        ethVersionId:   config.ProtocolVersion,
        netVersionId:   config.NetworkId,
    }

    eth.chainManager = core.NewChainManager(blockDb, stateDb, eth.EventMux())
    eth.pow = ethash.New(eth.chainManager)
    eth.txPool = core.NewTxPool(eth.EventMux(), eth.chainManager.State)
    eth.blockProcessor = core.NewBlockProcessor(stateDb, extraDb, eth.pow, eth.txPool, eth.chainManager, eth.EventMux())
    eth.chainManager.SetProcessor(eth.blockProcessor)
    eth.whisper = whisper.New()
    eth.shhVersionId = int(eth.whisper.Version())
    eth.miner = miner.New(eth, eth.pow, config.MinerThreads)

    hasBlock := eth.chainManager.HasBlock
    insertChain := eth.chainManager.InsertChain
    td := eth.chainManager.Td()
    eth.blockPool = blockpool.New(hasBlock, insertChain, eth.pow.Verify, eth.EventMux(), td)

    netprv, err := config.nodeKey()
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    ethProto := EthProtocol(config.ProtocolVersion, config.NetworkId, eth.txPool, eth.chainManager, eth.blockPool)
    protocols := []p2p.Protocol{ethProto}
    if config.Shh {
        protocols = append(protocols, eth.whisper.Protocol())
    }

    eth.net = &p2p.Server{
        PrivateKey:     netprv,
        Name:           config.Name,
        MaxPeers:       config.MaxPeers,
        Protocols:      protocols,
        NAT:            config.NAT,
        NoDial:         !config.Dial,
        BootstrapNodes: config.parseBootNodes(),
    }
    if len(config.Port) > 0 {
        eth.net.ListenAddr = ":" + config.Port
    }

    vm.Debug = config.VmDebug

    return eth, nil
}

type NodeInfo struct {
    Name       string
    NodeUrl    string
    NodeID     string
    IP         string
    DiscPort   int // UDP listening port for discovery protocol
    TCPPort    int // TCP listening port for RLPx
    Td         string
    ListenAddr string
}

func (s *Ethereum) NodeInfo() *NodeInfo {
    node := s.net.Self()

    return &NodeInfo{
        Name:       s.Name(),
        NodeUrl:    node.String(),
        NodeID:     node.ID.String(),
        IP:         node.IP.String(),
        DiscPort:   node.DiscPort,
        TCPPort:    node.TCPPort,
        ListenAddr: s.net.ListenAddr,
        Td:         s.ChainManager().Td().String(),
    }
}

type PeerInfo struct {
    ID            string
    Name          string
    Caps          string
    RemoteAddress string
    LocalAddress  string
}

func newPeerInfo(peer *p2p.Peer) *PeerInfo {
    var caps []string
    for _, cap := range peer.Caps() {
        caps = append(caps, cap.String())
    }
    return &PeerInfo{
        ID:            peer.ID().String(),
        Name:          peer.Name(),
        Caps:          strings.Join(caps, ", "),
        RemoteAddress: peer.RemoteAddr().String(),
        LocalAddress:  peer.LocalAddr().String(),
    }
}

// PeersInfo returns an array of PeerInfo objects describing connected peers
func (s *Ethereum) PeersInfo() (peersinfo []*PeerInfo) {
    for _, peer := range s.net.Peers() {
        if peer != nil {
            peersinfo = append(peersinfo, newPeerInfo(peer))
        }
    }
    return
}

func (s *Ethereum) ResetWithGenesisBlock(gb *types.Block) {
    s.chainManager.ResetWithGenesisBlock(gb)
    s.pow.UpdateCache(0, true)
}

func (s *Ethereum) StartMining() error {
    eb, err := s.Etherbase()
    if err != nil {
        err = fmt.Errorf("Cannot start mining without etherbase address: %v", err)
        glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln(err)
        return err

    }

    s.miner.Start(eb)
    return nil
}

func (s *Ethereum) Etherbase() (eb common.Address, err error) {
    eb = s.etherbase
    if (eb == common.Address{}) {
        var ebbytes []byte
        ebbytes, err = s.accountManager.Primary()
        eb = common.BytesToAddress(ebbytes)
        if (eb == common.Address{}) {
            err = fmt.Errorf("no accounts found")
        }
    }
    return
}

func (s *Ethereum) StopMining()         { s.miner.Stop() }
func (s *Ethereum) IsMining() bool      { return s.miner.Mining() }
func (s *Ethereum) Miner() *miner.Miner { return s.miner }

// func (s *Ethereum) Logger() logger.LogSystem             { return s.logger }
func (s *Ethereum) Name() string                         { return s.net.Name }
func (s *Ethereum) AccountManager() *accounts.Manager    { return s.accountManager }
func (s *Ethereum) ChainManager() *core.ChainManager     { return s.chainManager }
func (s *Ethereum) BlockProcessor() *core.BlockProcessor { return s.blockProcessor }
func (s *Ethereum) TxPool() *core.TxPool                 { return s.txPool }
func (s *Ethereum) BlockPool() *blockpool.BlockPool      { return s.blockPool }
func (s *Ethereum) Whisper() *whisper.Whisper            { return s.whisper }
func (s *Ethereum) EventMux() *event.TypeMux             { return s.eventMux }
func (s *Ethereum) BlockDb() common.Database             { return s.blockDb }
func (s *Ethereum) StateDb() common.Database             { return s.stateDb }
func (s *Ethereum) ExtraDb() common.Database             { return s.extraDb }
func (s *Ethereum) IsListening() bool                    { return true } // Always listening
func (s *Ethereum) PeerCount() int                       { return s.net.PeerCount() }
func (s *Ethereum) Peers() []*p2p.Peer                   { return s.net.Peers() }
func (s *Ethereum) MaxPeers() int                        { return s.net.MaxPeers }
func (s *Ethereum) ClientVersion() string                { return s.clientVersion }
func (s *Ethereum) EthVersion() int                      { return s.ethVersionId }
func (s *Ethereum) NetVersion() int                      { return s.netVersionId }
func (s *Ethereum) ShhVersion() int                      { return s.shhVersionId }

// Start the ethereum
func (s *Ethereum) Start() error {
    jsonlogger.LogJson(&logger.LogStarting{
        ClientString:    s.net.Name,
        ProtocolVersion: ProtocolVersion,
    })

    if s.net.MaxPeers > 0 {
        err := s.net.Start()
        if err != nil {
            return err
        }
    }

    // Start services
    s.txPool.Start()
    s.blockPool.Start()

    if s.whisper != nil {
        s.whisper.Start()
    }

    // broadcast transactions
    s.txSub = s.eventMux.Subscribe(core.TxPreEvent{})
    go s.txBroadcastLoop()

    // broadcast mined blocks
    s.blockSub = s.eventMux.Subscribe(core.ChainHeadEvent{})
    go s.blockBroadcastLoop()

    glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("Server started")
    return nil
}

func (s *Ethereum) StartForTest() {
    jsonlogger.LogJson(&logger.LogStarting{
        ClientString:    s.net.Name,
        ProtocolVersion: ProtocolVersion,
    })

    // Start services
    s.txPool.Start()
    s.blockPool.Start()
}

func (self *Ethereum) SuggestPeer(nodeURL string) error {
    n, err := discover.ParseNode(nodeURL)
    if err != nil {
        return fmt.Errorf("invalid node URL: %v", err)
    }
    self.net.SuggestPeer(n)
    return nil
}

func (s *Ethereum) Stop() {
    // Close the database
    defer s.blockDb.Close()
    defer s.stateDb.Close()
    defer s.extraDb.Close()

    s.txSub.Unsubscribe()    // quits txBroadcastLoop
    s.blockSub.Unsubscribe() // quits blockBroadcastLoop

    s.txPool.Stop()
    s.eventMux.Stop()
    s.blockPool.Stop()
    if s.whisper != nil {
        s.whisper.Stop()
    }

    glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("Server stopped")
    close(s.shutdownChan)
}

// This function will wait for a shutdown and resumes main thread execution
func (s *Ethereum) WaitForShutdown() {
    <-s.shutdownChan
}

// now tx broadcasting is taken out of txPool
// handled here via subscription, efficiency?
func (self *Ethereum) txBroadcastLoop() {
    // automatically stops if unsubscribe
    for obj := range self.txSub.Chan() {
        event := obj.(core.TxPreEvent)
        self.net.Broadcast("eth", TxMsg, []*types.Transaction{event.Tx})
        self.syncAccounts(event.Tx)
    }
}

// keep accounts synced up
func (self *Ethereum) syncAccounts(tx *types.Transaction) {
    from, err := tx.From()
    if err != nil {
        return
    }

    if self.accountManager.HasAccount(from.Bytes()) {
        if self.chainManager.TxState().GetNonce(from) < tx.Nonce() {
            self.chainManager.TxState().SetNonce(from, tx.Nonce())
        }
    }
}

func (self *Ethereum) blockBroadcastLoop() {
    // automatically stops if unsubscribe
    for obj := range self.blockSub.Chan() {
        switch ev := obj.(type) {
        case core.ChainHeadEvent:
            self.net.Broadcast("eth", NewBlockMsg, []interface{}{ev.Block, ev.Block.Td})
        }
    }
}

func saveProtocolVersion(db common.Database, protov int) {
    d, _ := db.Get([]byte("ProtocolVersion"))
    protocolVersion := common.NewValue(d).Uint()

    if protocolVersion == 0 {
        db.Put([]byte("ProtocolVersion"), common.NewValue(protov).Bytes())
    }
}

func saveBlockchainVersion(db common.Database, bcVersion int) {
    d, _ := db.Get([]byte("BlockchainVersion"))
    blockchainVersion := common.NewValue(d).Uint()

    if blockchainVersion == 0 {
        db.Put([]byte("BlockchainVersion"), common.NewValue(bcVersion).Bytes())
    }
}