path: root/core/state/state_object.go

// Copyright 2014 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package state

import (
    "bytes"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "math/big"

    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
)

var emptyCodeHash = crypto.Keccak256(nil)

type Code []byte

func (self Code) String() string {
    return string(self) //strings.Join(Disassemble(self), " ")
}

type Storage map[common.Hash]common.Hash

func (self Storage) String() (str string) {
    for key, value := range self {
        str += fmt.Sprintf("%X : %X\n", key, value)
    }

    return
}

func (self Storage) Copy() Storage {
    cpy := make(Storage)
    for key, value := range self {
        cpy[key] = value
    }

    return cpy
}

// stateObject represents an Ethereum account which is being modified.
//
// The usage pattern is as follows:
// First you need to obtain a state object.
// Account values can be accessed and modified through the object.
// Finally, call CommitTrie to write the modified storage trie into a database.
type stateObject struct {
    address  common.Address
    addrHash common.Hash // hash of ethereum address of the account
    data     Account
    db       *StateDB

    // DB error.
    // State objects are used by the consensus core and VM which are
    // unable to deal with database-level errors. Any error that occurs
    // during a database read is memoized here and will eventually be returned
    // by StateDB.Commit.
    dbErr error

    // Write caches.
    trie Trie // storage trie, which becomes non-nil on first access
    code Code // contract bytecode, which gets set when code is loaded

    cachedStorage Storage // Storage entry cache to avoid duplicate reads
    dirtyStorage  Storage // Storage entries that need to be flushed to disk

    // Cache flags.
    // When an object is marked suicided it will be delete from the trie
    // during the "update" phase of the state transition.
    dirtyCode bool // true if the code was updated
    suicided  bool
    touched   bool
    deleted   bool
    onDirty   func(addr common.Address) // Callback method to mark a state object newly dirty
}

// empty returns whether the account is considered empty.
func (s *stateObject) empty() bool {
    return s.data.Nonce == 0 && s.data.Balance.Sign() == 0 && bytes.Equal(s.data.CodeHash, emptyCodeHash)
}

// Account is the Ethereum consensus representation of accounts.
// These objects are stored in the main account trie.
type Account struct {
    Nonce    uint64
    Balance  *big.Int
    Root     common.Hash // merkle root of the storage trie
    CodeHash []byte
}

// newObject creates a state object.
func newObject(db *StateDB, address common.Address, data Account, onDirty func(addr common.Address)) *stateObject {
    if data.Balance == nil {
        data.Balance = new(big.Int)
    }
    if data.CodeHash == nil {
        data.CodeHash = emptyCodeHash
    }
    return &stateObject{
        db:            db,
        address:       address,
        addrHash:      crypto.Keccak256Hash(address[:]),
        data:          data,
        cachedStorage: make(Storage),
        dirtyStorage:  make(Storage),
        onDirty:       onDirty,
    }
}

// EncodeRLP implements rlp.Encoder.
func (c *stateObject) EncodeRLP(w io.Writer) error {
    return rlp.Encode(w, c.data)
}

// setError remembers the first non-nil error it is called with.
func (self *stateObject) setError(err error) {
    if self.dbErr == nil {
        self.dbErr = err
    }
}

func (self *stateObject) markSuicided() {
    self.suicided = true
    if self.onDirty != nil {
        self.onDirty(self.Address())
        self.onDirty = nil
    }
}

func (c *stateObject) touch() {
    c.db.journal = append(c.db.journal, touchChange{
        account:   &c.address,
        prev:      c.touched,
        prevDirty: c.onDirty == nil,
    })
    if c.onDirty != nil {
        c.onDirty(c.Address())
        c.onDirty = nil
    }
    c.touched = true
}

func (c *stateObject) getTrie(db Database) Trie {
    if c.trie == nil {
        var err error
        c.trie, err = db.OpenStorageTrie(c.addrHash, c.data.Root)
        if err != nil {
            c.trie, _ = db.OpenStorageTrie(c.addrHash, common.Hash{})
            c.setError(fmt.Errorf("can't create storage trie: %v", err))
        }
    }
    return c.trie
}

// GetState returns a value in account storage.
func (self *stateObject) GetState(db Database, key common.Hash) common.Hash {
    value, exists := self.cachedStorage[key]
    if exists {
        return value
    }
    // Load from DB in case it is missing.
    enc, err := self.getTrie(db).TryGet(key[:])
    if err != nil {
        self.setError(err)
        return common.Hash{}
    }
    if len(enc) > 0 {
        _, content, _, err := rlp.Split(enc)
        if err != nil {
            self.setError(err)
        }
        value.SetBytes(content)
    }
    if (value != common.Hash{}) {
        self.cachedStorage[key] = value
    }
    return value
}

// SetState updates a value in account storage.
func (self *stateObject) SetState(db Database, key, value common.Hash) {
    self.db.journal = append(self.db.journal, storageChange{
        account:  &self.address,
        key:      key,
        prevalue: self.GetState(db, key),
    })
    self.setState(key, value)
}

func (self *stateObject) setState(key, value common.Hash) {
    self.cachedStorage[key] = value
    self.dirtyStorage[key] = value

    if self.onDirty != nil {
        self.onDirty(self.Address())
        self.onDirty = nil
    }
}

// updateTrie writes cached storage modifications into the object's storage trie.
func (self *stateObject) updateTrie(db Database) Trie {
    tr := self.getTrie(db)
    for key, value := range self.dirtyStorage {
        delete(self.dirtyStorage, key)
        if (value == common.Hash{}) {
            self.setError(tr.TryDelete(key[:]))
            continue
        }
        // Encoding []byte cannot fail, ok to ignore the error.
        v, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(bytes.TrimLeft(value[:], "\x00"))
        self.setError(tr.TryUpdate(key[:], v))
    }
    return tr
}

// UpdateRoot sets the trie root to the current root hash of
func (self *stateObject) updateRoot(db Database) {
    self.updateTrie(db)
    self.data.Root = self.trie.Hash()
}

// CommitTrie the storage trie of the object to dwb.
// This updates the trie root.
func (self *stateObject) CommitTrie(db Database, dbw trie.DatabaseWriter) error {
    self.updateTrie(db)
    if self.dbErr != nil {
        return self.dbErr
    }
    root, err := self.trie.CommitTo(dbw)
    if err == nil {
        self.data.Root = root
    }
    return err
}

// AddBalance removes amount from c's balance.
// It is used to add funds to the destination account of a transfer.
func (c *stateObject) AddBalance(amount *big.Int) {
    // EIP158: We must check emptiness for the objects such that the account
    // clearing (0,0,0 objects) can take effect.
    if amount.Sign() == 0 {
        if c.empty() {
            c.touch()
        }

        return
    }
    c.SetBalance(new(big.Int).Add(c.Balance(), amount))
}

// SubBalance removes amount from c's balance.
// It is used to remove funds from the origin account of a transfer.
func (c *stateObject) SubBalance(amount *big.Int) {
    if amount.Sign() == 0 {
        return
    }
    c.SetBalance(new(big.Int).Sub(c.Balance(), amount))
}

func (self *stateObject) SetBalance(amount *big.Int) {
    self.db.journal = append(self.db.journal, balanceChange{
        account: &self.address,
        prev:    new(big.Int).Set(self.data.Balance),
    })
    self.setBalance(amount)
}

func (self *stateObject) setBalance(amount *big.Int) {
    self.data.Balance = amount
    if self.onDirty != nil {
        self.onDirty(self.Address())
        self.onDirty = nil
    }
}

// Return the gas back to the origin. Used by the Virtual machine or Closures
func (c *stateObject) ReturnGas(gas *big.Int) {}

func (self *stateObject) deepCopy(db *StateDB, onDirty func(addr common.Address)) *stateObject {
    stateObject := newObject(db, self.address, self.data, onDirty)
    if self.trie != nil {
        stateObject.trie = db.db.CopyTrie(self.trie)
    }
    stateObject.code = self.code
    stateObject.dirtyStorage = self.dirtyStorage.Copy()
    stateObject.cachedStorage = self.dirtyStorage.Copy()
    stateObject.suicided = self.suicided
    stateObject.dirtyCode = self.dirtyCode
    stateObject.deleted = self.deleted
    return stateObject
}

//
// Attribute accessors
//

// Returns the address of the contract/account
func (c *stateObject) Address() common.Address {
    return c.address
}

// Code returns the contract code associated with this object, if any.
func (self *stateObject) Code(db Database) []byte {
    if self.code != nil {
        return self.code
    }
    if bytes.Equal(self.CodeHash(), emptyCodeHash) {
        return nil
    }
    code, err := db.ContractCode(self.addrHash, common.BytesToHash(self.CodeHash()))
    if err != nil {
        self.setError(fmt.Errorf("can't load code hash %x: %v", self.CodeHash(), err))
    }
    self.code = code
    return code
}

func (self *stateObject) SetCode(codeHash common.Hash, code []byte) {
    prevcode := self.Code(self.db.db)
    self.db.journal = append(self.db.journal, codeChange{
        account:  &self.address,
        prevhash: self.CodeHash(),
        prevcode: prevcode,
    })
    self.setCode(codeHash, code)
}

func (self *stateObject) setCode(codeHash common.Hash, code []byte) {
    self.code = code
    self.data.CodeHash = codeHash[:]
    self.dirtyCode = true
    if self.onDirty != nil {
        self.onDirty(self.Address())
        self.onDirty = nil
    }
}

func (self *stateObject) SetNonce(nonce uint64) {
    self.db.journal = append(self.db.journal, nonceChange{
        account: &self.address,
        prev:    self.data.Nonce,
    })
    self.setNonce(nonce)
}

func (self *stateObject) setNonce(nonce uint64) {
    self.data.Nonce = nonce
    if self.onDirty != nil {
        self.onDirty(self.Address())
        self.onDirty = nil
    }
}

func (self *stateObject) CodeHash() []byte {
    return self.data.CodeHash
}

func (self *stateObject) Balance() *big.Int {
    return self.data.Balance
}

func (self *stateObject) Nonce() uint64 {
    return self.data.Nonce
}

// Never called, but must be present to allow stateObject to be used
// as a vm.Account interface that also satisfies the vm.ContractRef
// interface. Interfaces are awesome.
func (self *stateObject) Value() *big.Int {
    panic("Value on stateObject should never be called")
}