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-rw-r--r--core/blockchain.go465
-rw-r--r--core/blockchain_test.go11
-rw-r--r--core/headerchain.go432
-rw-r--r--core/types.go12
4 files changed, 575 insertions, 345 deletions
diff --git a/core/blockchain.go b/core/blockchain.go
index 79648869c..83299ceec 100644
--- a/core/blockchain.go
+++ b/core/blockchain.go
@@ -18,11 +18,9 @@
package core
import (
- crand "crypto/rand"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io"
- "math"
"math/big"
mrand "math/rand"
"runtime"
@@ -82,24 +80,22 @@ const (
// included in the canonical one where as GetBlockByNumber always represents the
// canonical chain.
type BlockChain struct {
+ hc *HeaderChain
chainDb ethdb.Database
eventMux *event.TypeMux
genesisBlock *types.Block
- // Last known total difficulty
+
mu sync.RWMutex
chainmu sync.RWMutex
tsmu sync.RWMutex
procmu sync.RWMutex
- checkpoint int // checkpoint counts towards the new checkpoint
- currentHeader *types.Header // Current head of the header chain (may be above the block chain!)
- currentBlock *types.Block // Current head of the block chain
- currentFastBlock *types.Block // Current head of the fast-sync chain (may be above the block chain!)
+ checkpoint int // checkpoint counts towards the new checkpoint
+ currentBlock *types.Block // Current head of the block chain
+ currentFastBlock *types.Block // Current head of the fast-sync chain (may be above the block chain!)
- headerCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block headers
bodyCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block bodies
bodyRLPCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block bodies in RLP encoded format
- tdCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block total difficulties
blockCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent entire blocks
futureBlocks *lru.Cache // future blocks are blocks added for later processing
@@ -110,7 +106,6 @@ type BlockChain struct {
wg sync.WaitGroup
pow pow.PoW
- rand *mrand.Rand
processor Processor
validator Validator
}
@@ -119,10 +114,8 @@ type BlockChain struct {
// available in the database. It initialiser the default Ethereum Validator and
// Processor.
func NewBlockChain(chainDb ethdb.Database, pow pow.PoW, mux *event.TypeMux) (*BlockChain, error) {
- headerCache, _ := lru.New(headerCacheLimit)
bodyCache, _ := lru.New(bodyCacheLimit)
bodyRLPCache, _ := lru.New(bodyCacheLimit)
- tdCache, _ := lru.New(tdCacheLimit)
blockCache, _ := lru.New(blockCacheLimit)
futureBlocks, _ := lru.New(maxFutureBlocks)
@@ -130,22 +123,21 @@ func NewBlockChain(chainDb ethdb.Database, pow pow.PoW, mux *event.TypeMux) (*Bl
chainDb: chainDb,
eventMux: mux,
quit: make(chan struct{}),
- headerCache: headerCache,
bodyCache: bodyCache,
bodyRLPCache: bodyRLPCache,
- tdCache: tdCache,
blockCache: blockCache,
futureBlocks: futureBlocks,
pow: pow,
}
- // Seed a fast but crypto originating random generator
- seed, err := crand.Int(crand.Reader, big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64))
+ bc.SetValidator(NewBlockValidator(bc, pow))
+ bc.SetProcessor(NewStateProcessor(bc))
+
+ gv := func() HeaderValidator { return bc.Validator() }
+ var err error
+ bc.hc, err = NewHeaderChain(chainDb, gv, bc.getProcInterrupt)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
- bc.rand = mrand.New(mrand.NewSource(seed.Int64()))
- bc.SetValidator(NewBlockValidator(bc, pow))
- bc.SetProcessor(NewStateProcessor(bc))
bc.genesisBlock = bc.GetBlockByNumber(0)
if bc.genesisBlock == nil {
@@ -171,6 +163,10 @@ func NewBlockChain(chainDb ethdb.Database, pow pow.PoW, mux *event.TypeMux) (*Bl
return bc, nil
}
+func (self *BlockChain) getProcInterrupt() bool {
+ return atomic.LoadInt32(&self.procInterrupt) == 1
+}
+
// loadLastState loads the last known chain state from the database. This method
// assumes that the chain manager mutex is held.
func (self *BlockChain) loadLastState() error {
@@ -189,12 +185,13 @@ func (self *BlockChain) loadLastState() error {
}
}
// Restore the last known head header
- self.currentHeader = self.currentBlock.Header()
+ currentHeader := self.currentBlock.Header()
if head := GetHeadHeaderHash(self.chainDb); head != (common.Hash{}) {
if header := self.GetHeader(head); header != nil {
- self.currentHeader = header
+ currentHeader = header
}
}
+ self.hc.SetCurrentHeader(currentHeader)
// Restore the last known head fast block
self.currentFastBlock = self.currentBlock
if head := GetHeadFastBlockHash(self.chainDb); head != (common.Hash{}) {
@@ -203,11 +200,11 @@ func (self *BlockChain) loadLastState() error {
}
}
// Issue a status log and return
- headerTd := self.GetTd(self.currentHeader.Hash())
+ headerTd := self.GetTd(self.hc.CurrentHeader().Hash())
blockTd := self.GetTd(self.currentBlock.Hash())
fastTd := self.GetTd(self.currentFastBlock.Hash())
- glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Last header: #%d [%x…] TD=%v", self.currentHeader.Number, self.currentHeader.Hash().Bytes()[:4], headerTd)
+ glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Last header: #%d [%x…] TD=%v", self.hc.CurrentHeader().Number, self.hc.CurrentHeader().Hash().Bytes()[:4], headerTd)
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Last block: #%d [%x…] TD=%v", self.currentBlock.Number(), self.currentBlock.Hash().Bytes()[:4], blockTd)
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Fast block: #%d [%x…] TD=%v", self.currentFastBlock.Number(), self.currentFastBlock.Hash().Bytes()[:4], fastTd)
@@ -222,71 +219,35 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) SetHead(head uint64) {
bc.mu.Lock()
defer bc.mu.Unlock()
- // Figure out the highest known canonical headers and/or blocks
- height := uint64(0)
- if bc.currentHeader != nil {
- if hh := bc.currentHeader.Number.Uint64(); hh > height {
- height = hh
- }
- }
- if bc.currentBlock != nil {
- if bh := bc.currentBlock.NumberU64(); bh > height {
- height = bh
- }
- }
- if bc.currentFastBlock != nil {
- if fbh := bc.currentFastBlock.NumberU64(); fbh > height {
- height = fbh
- }
- }
- // Gather all the hashes that need deletion
- drop := make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
-
- for bc.currentHeader != nil && bc.currentHeader.Number.Uint64() > head {
- drop[bc.currentHeader.Hash()] = struct{}{}
- bc.currentHeader = bc.GetHeader(bc.currentHeader.ParentHash)
- }
- for bc.currentBlock != nil && bc.currentBlock.NumberU64() > head {
- drop[bc.currentBlock.Hash()] = struct{}{}
- bc.currentBlock = bc.GetBlock(bc.currentBlock.ParentHash())
- }
- for bc.currentFastBlock != nil && bc.currentFastBlock.NumberU64() > head {
- drop[bc.currentFastBlock.Hash()] = struct{}{}
- bc.currentFastBlock = bc.GetBlock(bc.currentFastBlock.ParentHash())
- }
- // Roll back the canonical chain numbering
- for i := height; i > head; i-- {
- DeleteCanonicalHash(bc.chainDb, i)
- }
- // Delete everything found by the above rewind
- for hash, _ := range drop {
- DeleteHeader(bc.chainDb, hash)
+ delFn := func(hash common.Hash) {
DeleteBody(bc.chainDb, hash)
- DeleteTd(bc.chainDb, hash)
}
+ bc.hc.SetHead(head, delFn)
+
// Clear out any stale content from the caches
- bc.headerCache.Purge()
bc.bodyCache.Purge()
bc.bodyRLPCache.Purge()
bc.blockCache.Purge()
bc.futureBlocks.Purge()
// Update all computed fields to the new head
+ if bc.currentBlock != nil && bc.hc.CurrentHeader().Number.Uint64() < bc.currentBlock.NumberU64() {
+ bc.currentBlock = bc.GetBlock(bc.hc.CurrentHeader().Hash())
+ }
+ if bc.currentFastBlock != nil && bc.hc.CurrentHeader().Number.Uint64() < bc.currentFastBlock.NumberU64() {
+ bc.currentFastBlock = bc.GetBlock(bc.hc.CurrentHeader().Hash())
+ }
+
if bc.currentBlock == nil {
bc.currentBlock = bc.genesisBlock
}
- if bc.currentHeader == nil {
- bc.currentHeader = bc.genesisBlock.Header()
- }
if bc.currentFastBlock == nil {
bc.currentFastBlock = bc.genesisBlock
}
+
if err := WriteHeadBlockHash(bc.chainDb, bc.currentBlock.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to reset head block hash: %v", err)
}
- if err := WriteHeadHeaderHash(bc.chainDb, bc.currentHeader.Hash()); err != nil {
- glog.Fatalf("failed to reset head header hash: %v", err)
- }
if err := WriteHeadFastBlockHash(bc.chainDb, bc.currentFastBlock.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to reset head fast block hash: %v", err)
}
@@ -329,15 +290,6 @@ func (self *BlockChain) LastBlockHash() common.Hash {
return self.currentBlock.Hash()
}
-// CurrentHeader retrieves the current head header of the canonical chain. The
-// header is retrieved from the blockchain's internal cache.
-func (self *BlockChain) CurrentHeader() *types.Header {
- self.mu.RLock()
- defer self.mu.RUnlock()
-
- return self.currentHeader
-}
-
// CurrentBlock retrieves the current head block of the canonical chain. The
// block is retrieved from the blockchain's internal cache.
func (self *BlockChain) CurrentBlock() *types.Block {
@@ -425,7 +377,8 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) ResetWithGenesisBlock(genesis *types.Block) {
bc.genesisBlock = genesis
bc.insert(bc.genesisBlock)
bc.currentBlock = bc.genesisBlock
- bc.currentHeader = bc.genesisBlock.Header()
+ bc.hc.SetGenesis(bc.genesisBlock.Header())
+ bc.hc.SetCurrentHeader(bc.genesisBlock.Header())
bc.currentFastBlock = bc.genesisBlock
}
@@ -483,10 +436,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) insert(block *types.Block) {
// If the block is better than out head or is on a different chain, force update heads
if updateHeads {
- if err := WriteHeadHeaderHash(bc.chainDb, block.Hash()); err != nil {
- glog.Fatalf("failed to insert head header hash: %v", err)
- }
- bc.currentHeader = block.Header()
+ bc.hc.SetCurrentHeader(block.Header())
if err := WriteHeadFastBlockHash(bc.chainDb, block.Hash()); err != nil {
glog.Fatalf("failed to insert head fast block hash: %v", err)
@@ -500,38 +450,6 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) Genesis() *types.Block {
return bc.genesisBlock
}
-// HasHeader checks if a block header is present in the database or not, caching
-// it if present.
-func (bc *BlockChain) HasHeader(hash common.Hash) bool {
- return bc.GetHeader(hash) != nil
-}
-
-// GetHeader retrieves a block header from the database by hash, caching it if
-// found.
-func (self *BlockChain) GetHeader(hash common.Hash) *types.Header {
- // Short circuit if the header's already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
- if header, ok := self.headerCache.Get(hash); ok {
- return header.(*types.Header)
- }
- header := GetHeader(self.chainDb, hash)
- if header == nil {
- return nil
- }
- // Cache the found header for next time and return
- self.headerCache.Add(header.Hash(), header)
- return header
-}
-
-// GetHeaderByNumber retrieves a block header from the database by number,
-// caching it (associated with its hash) if found.
-func (self *BlockChain) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header {
- hash := GetCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, number)
- if hash == (common.Hash{}) {
- return nil
- }
- return self.GetHeader(hash)
-}
-
// GetBody retrieves a block body (transactions and uncles) from the database by
// hash, caching it if found.
func (self *BlockChain) GetBody(hash common.Hash) *types.Body {
@@ -565,22 +483,6 @@ func (self *BlockChain) GetBodyRLP(hash common.Hash) rlp.RawValue {
return body
}
-// GetTd retrieves a block's total difficulty in the canonical chain from the
-// database by hash, caching it if found.
-func (self *BlockChain) GetTd(hash common.Hash) *big.Int {
- // Short circuit if the td's already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
- if cached, ok := self.tdCache.Get(hash); ok {
- return cached.(*big.Int)
- }
- td := GetTd(self.chainDb, hash)
- if td == nil {
- return nil
- }
- // Cache the found body for next time and return
- self.tdCache.Add(hash, td)
- return td
-}
-
// HasBlock checks if a block is fully present in the database or not, caching
// it if present.
func (bc *BlockChain) HasBlock(hash common.Hash) bool {
@@ -625,28 +527,6 @@ func (self *BlockChain) GetBlockByNumber(number uint64) *types.Block {
return self.GetBlock(hash)
}
-// GetBlockHashesFromHash retrieves a number of block hashes starting at a given
-// hash, fetching towards the genesis block.
-func (self *BlockChain) GetBlockHashesFromHash(hash common.Hash, max uint64) []common.Hash {
- // Get the origin header from which to fetch
- header := self.GetHeader(hash)
- if header == nil {
- return nil
- }
- // Iterate the headers until enough is collected or the genesis reached
- chain := make([]common.Hash, 0, max)
- for i := uint64(0); i < max; i++ {
- if header = self.GetHeader(header.ParentHash); header == nil {
- break
- }
- chain = append(chain, header.Hash())
- if header.Number.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
- break
- }
- }
- return chain
-}
-
// [deprecated by eth/62]
// GetBlocksFromHash returns the block corresponding to hash and up to n-1 ancestors.
func (self *BlockChain) GetBlocksFromHash(hash common.Hash, n int) (blocks []*types.Block) {
@@ -698,195 +578,15 @@ func (self *BlockChain) procFutureBlocks() {
}
}
-type writeStatus byte
+type WriteStatus byte
const (
- NonStatTy writeStatus = iota
+ NonStatTy WriteStatus = iota
CanonStatTy
SplitStatTy
SideStatTy
)
-// writeHeader writes a header into the local chain, given that its parent is
-// already known. If the total difficulty of the newly inserted header becomes
-// greater than the current known TD, the canonical chain is re-routed.
-//
-// Note: This method is not concurrent-safe with inserting blocks simultaneously
-// into the chain, as side effects caused by reorganisations cannot be emulated
-// without the real blocks. Hence, writing headers directly should only be done
-// in two scenarios: pure-header mode of operation (light clients), or properly
-// separated header/block phases (non-archive clients).
-func (self *BlockChain) writeHeader(header *types.Header) error {
- self.wg.Add(1)
- defer self.wg.Done()
-
- // Calculate the total difficulty of the header
- ptd := self.GetTd(header.ParentHash)
- if ptd == nil {
- return ParentError(header.ParentHash)
- }
-
- localTd := self.GetTd(self.currentHeader.Hash())
- externTd := new(big.Int).Add(header.Difficulty, ptd)
-
- // Make sure no inconsistent state is leaked during insertion
- self.mu.Lock()
- defer self.mu.Unlock()
-
- // If the total difficulty is higher than our known, add it to the canonical chain
- // Second clause in the if statement reduces the vulnerability to selfish mining.
- // Please refer to http://www.cs.cornell.edu/~ie53/publications/btcProcFC.pdf
- if externTd.Cmp(localTd) > 0 || (externTd.Cmp(localTd) == 0 && mrand.Float64() < 0.5) {
- // Delete any canonical number assignments above the new head
- for i := header.Number.Uint64() + 1; GetCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, i) != (common.Hash{}); i++ {
- DeleteCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, i)
- }
- // Overwrite any stale canonical number assignments
- head := self.GetHeader(header.ParentHash)
- for GetCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, head.Number.Uint64()) != head.Hash() {
- WriteCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, head.Hash(), head.Number.Uint64())
- head = self.GetHeader(head.ParentHash)
- }
- // Extend the canonical chain with the new header
- if err := WriteCanonicalHash(self.chainDb, header.Hash(), header.Number.Uint64()); err != nil {
- glog.Fatalf("failed to insert header number: %v", err)
- }
- if err := WriteHeadHeaderHash(self.chainDb, header.Hash()); err != nil {
- glog.Fatalf("failed to insert head header hash: %v", err)
- }
- self.currentHeader = types.CopyHeader(header)
- }
- // Irrelevant of the canonical status, write the header itself to the database
- if err := WriteTd(self.chainDb, header.Hash(), externTd); err != nil {
- glog.Fatalf("failed to write header total difficulty: %v", err)
- }
- if err := WriteHeader(self.chainDb, header); err != nil {
- glog.Fatalf("filed to write header contents: %v", err)
- }
- return nil
-}
-
-// InsertHeaderChain attempts to insert the given header chain in to the local
-// chain, possibly creating a reorg. If an error is returned, it will return the
-// index number of the failing header as well an error describing what went wrong.
-//
-// The verify parameter can be used to fine tune whether nonce verification
-// should be done or not. The reason behind the optional check is because some
-// of the header retrieval mechanisms already need to verfy nonces, as well as
-// because nonces can be verified sparsely, not needing to check each.
-func (self *BlockChain) InsertHeaderChain(chain []*types.Header, checkFreq int) (int, error) {
- self.wg.Add(1)
- defer self.wg.Done()
-
- // Make sure only one thread manipulates the chain at once
- self.chainmu.Lock()
- defer self.chainmu.Unlock()
-
- // Collect some import statistics to report on
- stats := struct{ processed, ignored int }{}
- start := time.Now()
-
- // Generate the list of headers that should be POW verified
- verify := make([]bool, len(chain))
- for i := 0; i < len(verify)/checkFreq; i++ {
- index := i*checkFreq + self.rand.Intn(checkFreq)
- if index >= len(verify) {
- index = len(verify) - 1
- }
- verify[index] = true
- }
- verify[len(verify)-1] = true // Last should always be verified to avoid junk
-
- // Create the header verification task queue and worker functions
- tasks := make(chan int, len(chain))
- for i := 0; i < len(chain); i++ {
- tasks <- i
- }
- close(tasks)
-
- errs, failed := make([]error, len(tasks)), int32(0)
- process := func(worker int) {
- for index := range tasks {
- header, hash := chain[index], chain[index].Hash()
-
- // Short circuit insertion if shutting down or processing failed
- if atomic.LoadInt32(&self.procInterrupt) == 1 {
- return
- }
- if atomic.LoadInt32(&failed) > 0 {
- return
- }
- // Short circuit if the header is bad or already known
- if BadHashes[hash] {
- errs[index] = BadHashError(hash)
- atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
- return
- }
- if self.HasHeader(hash) {
- continue
- }
- // Verify that the header honors the chain parameters
- checkPow := verify[index]
-
- var err error
- if index == 0 {
- err = self.Validator().ValidateHeader(header, self.GetHeader(header.ParentHash), checkPow)
- } else {
- err = self.Validator().ValidateHeader(header, chain[index-1], checkPow)
- }
- if err != nil {
- errs[index] = err
- atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
- return
- }
- }
- }
- // Start as many worker threads as goroutines allowed
- pending := new(sync.WaitGroup)
- for i := 0; i < runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0); i++ {
- pending.Add(1)
- go func(id int) {
- defer pending.Done()
- process(id)
- }(i)
- }
- pending.Wait()
-
- // If anything failed, report
- if failed > 0 {
- for i, err := range errs {
- if err != nil {
- return i, err
- }
- }
- }
- // All headers passed verification, import them into the database
- for i, header := range chain {
- // Short circuit insertion if shutting down
- if atomic.LoadInt32(&self.procInterrupt) == 1 {
- glog.V(logger.Debug).Infoln("premature abort during header chain processing")
- break
- }
- hash := header.Hash()
-
- // If the header's already known, skip it, otherwise store
- if self.HasHeader(hash) {
- stats.ignored++
- continue
- }
- if err := self.writeHeader(header); err != nil {
- return i, err
- }
- stats.processed++
- }
- // Report some public statistics so the user has a clue what's going on
- first, last := chain[0], chain[len(chain)-1]
- glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("imported %d header(s) (%d ignored) in %v. #%v [%x… / %x…]", stats.processed, stats.ignored,
- time.Since(start), last.Number, first.Hash().Bytes()[:4], last.Hash().Bytes()[:4])
-
- return 0, nil
-}
-
// Rollback is designed to remove a chain of links from the database that aren't
// certain enough to be valid.
func (self *BlockChain) Rollback(chain []common.Hash) {
@@ -896,9 +596,8 @@ func (self *BlockChain) Rollback(chain []common.Hash) {
for i := len(chain) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
hash := chain[i]
- if self.currentHeader.Hash() == hash {
- self.currentHeader = self.GetHeader(self.currentHeader.ParentHash)
- WriteHeadHeaderHash(self.chainDb, self.currentHeader.Hash())
+ if self.hc.CurrentHeader().Hash() == hash {
+ self.hc.SetCurrentHeader(self.GetHeader(self.hc.CurrentHeader().ParentHash))
}
if self.currentFastBlock.Hash() == hash {
self.currentFastBlock = self.GetBlock(self.currentFastBlock.ParentHash())
@@ -1055,7 +754,7 @@ func (self *BlockChain) InsertReceiptChain(blockChain types.Blocks, receiptChain
}
// WriteBlock writes the block to the chain.
-func (self *BlockChain) WriteBlock(block *types.Block) (status writeStatus, err error) {
+func (self *BlockChain) WriteBlock(block *types.Block) (status WriteStatus, err error) {
self.wg.Add(1)
defer self.wg.Done()
@@ -1427,3 +1126,89 @@ func reportBlock(block *types.Block, err error) {
}
go ReportBlock(block, err)
}
+
+// InsertHeaderChain attempts to insert the given header chain in to the local
+// chain, possibly creating a reorg. If an error is returned, it will return the
+// index number of the failing header as well an error describing what went wrong.
+//
+// The verify parameter can be used to fine tune whether nonce verification
+// should be done or not. The reason behind the optional check is because some
+// of the header retrieval mechanisms already need to verfy nonces, as well as
+// because nonces can be verified sparsely, not needing to check each.
+func (self *BlockChain) InsertHeaderChain(chain []*types.Header, checkFreq int) (int, error) {
+ // Make sure only one thread manipulates the chain at once
+ self.chainmu.Lock()
+ defer self.chainmu.Unlock()
+
+ self.wg.Add(1)
+ defer self.wg.Done()
+
+ whFunc := func(header *types.Header) error {
+ self.mu.Lock()
+ defer self.mu.Unlock()
+
+ _, err := self.hc.WriteHeader(header)
+ return err
+ }
+
+ return self.hc.InsertHeaderChain(chain, checkFreq, whFunc)
+}
+
+// writeHeader writes a header into the local chain, given that its parent is
+// already known. If the total difficulty of the newly inserted header becomes
+// greater than the current known TD, the canonical chain is re-routed.
+//
+// Note: This method is not concurrent-safe with inserting blocks simultaneously
+// into the chain, as side effects caused by reorganisations cannot be emulated
+// without the real blocks. Hence, writing headers directly should only be done
+// in two scenarios: pure-header mode of operation (light clients), or properly
+// separated header/block phases (non-archive clients).
+func (self *BlockChain) writeHeader(header *types.Header) error {
+ self.wg.Add(1)
+ defer self.wg.Done()
+
+ self.mu.Lock()
+ defer self.mu.Unlock()
+
+ _, err := self.hc.WriteHeader(header)
+ return err
+}
+
+// CurrentHeader retrieves the current head header of the canonical chain. The
+// header is retrieved from the HeaderChain's internal cache.
+func (self *BlockChain) CurrentHeader() *types.Header {
+ self.mu.RLock()
+ defer self.mu.RUnlock()
+
+ return self.hc.CurrentHeader()
+}
+
+// GetTd retrieves a block's total difficulty in the canonical chain from the
+// database by hash, caching it if found.
+func (self *BlockChain) GetTd(hash common.Hash) *big.Int {
+ return self.hc.GetTd(hash)
+}
+
+// GetHeader retrieves a block header from the database by hash, caching it if
+// found.
+func (self *BlockChain) GetHeader(hash common.Hash) *types.Header {
+ return self.hc.GetHeader(hash)
+}
+
+// HasHeader checks if a block header is present in the database or not, caching
+// it if present.
+func (bc *BlockChain) HasHeader(hash common.Hash) bool {
+ return bc.hc.HasHeader(hash)
+}
+
+// GetBlockHashesFromHash retrieves a number of block hashes starting at a given
+// hash, fetching towards the genesis block.
+func (self *BlockChain) GetBlockHashesFromHash(hash common.Hash, max uint64) []common.Hash {
+ return self.hc.GetBlockHashesFromHash(hash, max)
+}
+
+// GetHeaderByNumber retrieves a block header from the database by number,
+// caching it (associated with its hash) if found.
+func (self *BlockChain) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header {
+ return self.hc.GetHeaderByNumber(number)
+}
diff --git a/core/blockchain_test.go b/core/blockchain_test.go
index a7d3ea56e..310751cca 100644
--- a/core/blockchain_test.go
+++ b/core/blockchain_test.go
@@ -472,11 +472,16 @@ func makeBlockChainWithDiff(genesis *types.Block, d []int, seed byte) []*types.B
func chm(genesis *types.Block, db ethdb.Database) *BlockChain {
var eventMux event.TypeMux
- bc := &BlockChain{chainDb: db, genesisBlock: genesis, eventMux: &eventMux, pow: FakePow{}, rand: rand.New(rand.NewSource(0))}
- bc.headerCache, _ = lru.New(100)
+ bc := &BlockChain{
+ chainDb: db,
+ genesisBlock: genesis,
+ eventMux: &eventMux,
+ pow: FakePow{},
+ }
+ valFn := func() HeaderValidator { return bc.Validator() }
+ bc.hc, _ = NewHeaderChain(db, valFn, bc.getProcInterrupt)
bc.bodyCache, _ = lru.New(100)
bc.bodyRLPCache, _ = lru.New(100)
- bc.tdCache, _ = lru.New(100)
bc.blockCache, _ = lru.New(100)
bc.futureBlocks, _ = lru.New(100)
bc.SetValidator(bproc{})
diff --git a/core/headerchain.go b/core/headerchain.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8528801a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/headerchain.go
@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+package core
+
+import (
+ crand "crypto/rand"
+ "math"
+ "math/big"
+ mrand "math/rand"
+ "runtime"
+ "sync"
+ "sync/atomic"
+ "time"
+
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger"
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger/glog"
+ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/pow"
+ "github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru"
+)
+
+// HeaderChain implements the basic block header chain logic that is shared by
+// core.BlockChain and light.LightChain. It is not usable in itself, only as
+// a part of either structure.
+// It is not thread safe either, the encapsulating chain structures should do
+// the necessary mutex locking/unlocking.
+type HeaderChain struct {
+ chainDb ethdb.Database
+ genesisHeader *types.Header
+
+ currentHeader *types.Header // Current head of the header chain (may be above the block chain!)
+ headerCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block headers
+ tdCache *lru.Cache // Cache for the most recent block total difficulties
+
+ procInterrupt func() bool
+
+ rand *mrand.Rand
+ getValidator getHeaderValidatorFn
+}
+
+// getHeaderValidatorFn returns a HeaderValidator interface
+type getHeaderValidatorFn func() HeaderValidator
+
+// NewHeaderChain creates a new HeaderChain structure.
+// getValidator should return the parent's validator
+// procInterrupt points to the parent's interrupt semaphore
+// wg points to the parent's shutdown wait group
+func NewHeaderChain(chainDb ethdb.Database, getValidator getHeaderValidatorFn, procInterrupt func() bool) (*HeaderChain, error) {
+ headerCache, _ := lru.New(headerCacheLimit)
+ tdCache, _ := lru.New(tdCacheLimit)
+
+ // Seed a fast but crypto originating random generator
+ seed, err := crand.Int(crand.Reader, big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64))
+ if err != nil {
+ return nil, err
+ }
+
+ hc := &HeaderChain{
+ chainDb: chainDb,
+ headerCache: headerCache,
+ tdCache: tdCache,
+ procInterrupt: procInterrupt,
+ rand: mrand.New(mrand.NewSource(seed.Int64())),
+ getValidator: getValidator,
+ }
+
+ hc.genesisHeader = hc.GetHeaderByNumber(0)
+ if hc.genesisHeader == nil {
+ genesisBlock, err := WriteDefaultGenesisBlock(chainDb)
+ if err != nil {
+ return nil, err
+ }
+ glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("WARNING: Wrote default ethereum genesis block")
+ hc.genesisHeader = genesisBlock.Header()
+ }
+
+ hc.currentHeader = hc.genesisHeader
+ if head := GetHeadBlockHash(chainDb); head != (common.Hash{}) {
+ if chead := hc.GetHeader(head); chead != nil {
+ hc.currentHeader = chead
+ }
+ }
+
+ return hc, nil
+}
+
+// WriteHeader writes a header into the local chain, given that its parent is
+// already known. If the total difficulty of the newly inserted header becomes
+// greater than the current known TD, the canonical chain is re-routed.
+//
+// Note: This method is not concurrent-safe with inserting blocks simultaneously
+// into the chain, as side effects caused by reorganisations cannot be emulated
+// without the real blocks. Hence, writing headers directly should only be done
+// in two scenarios: pure-header mode of operation (light clients), or properly
+// separated header/block phases (non-archive clients).
+func (hc *HeaderChain) WriteHeader(header *types.Header) (status WriteStatus, err error) {
+ // Calculate the total difficulty of the header
+ ptd := hc.GetTd(header.ParentHash)
+ if ptd == nil {
+ return NonStatTy, ParentError(header.ParentHash)
+ }
+ localTd := hc.GetTd(hc.currentHeader.Hash())
+ externTd := new(big.Int).Add(header.Difficulty, ptd)
+
+ // If the total difficulty is higher than our known, add it to the canonical chain
+ // Second clause in the if statement reduces the vulnerability to selfish mining.
+ // Please refer to http://www.cs.cornell.edu/~ie53/publications/btcProcFC.pdf
+ if externTd.Cmp(localTd) > 0 || (externTd.Cmp(localTd) == 0 && mrand.Float64() < 0.5) {
+ // Delete any canonical number assignments above the new head
+ for i := header.Number.Uint64() + 1; GetCanonicalHash(hc.chainDb, i) != (common.Hash{}); i++ {
+ DeleteCanonicalHash(hc.chainDb, i)
+ }
+ // Overwrite any stale canonical number assignments
+ head := hc.GetHeader(header.ParentHash)
+ for GetCanonicalHash(hc.chainDb, head.Number.Uint64()) != head.Hash() {
+ WriteCanonicalHash(hc.chainDb, head.Hash(), head.Number.Uint64())
+ head = hc.GetHeader(head.ParentHash)
+ }
+ // Extend the canonical chain with the new header
+ if err := WriteCanonicalHash(hc.chainDb, header.Hash(), header.Number.Uint64()); err != nil {
+ glog.Fatalf("failed to insert header number: %v", err)
+ }
+ if err := WriteHeadHeaderHash(hc.chainDb, header.Hash()); err != nil {
+ glog.Fatalf("failed to insert head header hash: %v", err)
+ }
+ hc.currentHeader = types.CopyHeader(header)
+ status = CanonStatTy
+ } else {
+ status = SideStatTy
+ }
+ // Irrelevant of the canonical status, write the header itself to the database
+ if err := WriteTd(hc.chainDb, header.Hash(), externTd); err != nil {
+ glog.Fatalf("failed to write header total difficulty: %v", err)
+ }
+ if err := WriteHeader(hc.chainDb, header); err != nil {
+ glog.Fatalf("failed to write header contents: %v", err)
+ }
+ return
+}
+
+// WhCallback is a callback function for inserting individual headers.
+// A callback is used for two reasons: first, in a LightChain, status should be
+// processed and light chain events sent, while in a BlockChain this is not
+// necessary since chain events are sent after inserting blocks. Second, the
+// header writes should be protected by the parent chain mutex individually.
+type WhCallback func(*types.Header) error
+
+// InsertHeaderChain attempts to insert the given header chain in to the local
+// chain, possibly creating a reorg. If an error is returned, it will return the
+// index number of the failing header as well an error describing what went wrong.
+//
+// The verify parameter can be used to fine tune whether nonce verification
+// should be done or not. The reason behind the optional check is because some
+// of the header retrieval mechanisms already need to verfy nonces, as well as
+// because nonces can be verified sparsely, not needing to check each.
+func (hc *HeaderChain) InsertHeaderChain(chain []*types.Header, checkFreq int, writeHeader WhCallback) (int, error) {
+ // Collect some import statistics to report on
+ stats := struct{ processed, ignored int }{}
+ start := time.Now()
+
+ // Generate the list of headers that should be POW verified
+ verify := make([]bool, len(chain))
+ for i := 0; i < len(verify)/checkFreq; i++ {
+ index := i*checkFreq + hc.rand.Intn(checkFreq)
+ if index >= len(verify) {
+ index = len(verify) - 1
+ }
+ verify[index] = true
+ }
+ verify[len(verify)-1] = true // Last should always be verified to avoid junk
+
+ // Create the header verification task queue and worker functions
+ tasks := make(chan int, len(chain))
+ for i := 0; i < len(chain); i++ {
+ tasks <- i
+ }
+ close(tasks)
+
+ errs, failed := make([]error, len(tasks)), int32(0)
+ process := func(worker int) {
+ for index := range tasks {
+ header, hash := chain[index], chain[index].Hash()
+
+ // Short circuit insertion if shutting down or processing failed
+ if hc.procInterrupt() {
+ return
+ }
+ if atomic.LoadInt32(&failed) > 0 {
+ return
+ }
+ // Short circuit if the header is bad or already known
+ if BadHashes[hash] {
+ errs[index] = BadHashError(hash)
+ atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
+ return
+ }
+ if hc.HasHeader(hash) {
+ continue
+ }
+ // Verify that the header honors the chain parameters
+ checkPow := verify[index]
+
+ var err error
+ if index == 0 {
+ err = hc.getValidator().ValidateHeader(header, hc.GetHeader(header.ParentHash), checkPow)
+ } else {
+ err = hc.getValidator().ValidateHeader(header, chain[index-1], checkPow)
+ }
+ if err != nil {
+ errs[index] = err
+ atomic.AddInt32(&failed, 1)
+ return
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ // Start as many worker threads as goroutines allowed
+ pending := new(sync.WaitGroup)
+ for i := 0; i < runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0); i++ {
+ pending.Add(1)
+ go func(id int) {
+ defer pending.Done()
+ process(id)
+ }(i)
+ }
+ pending.Wait()
+
+ // If anything failed, report
+ if failed > 0 {
+ for i, err := range errs {
+ if err != nil {
+ return i, err
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ // All headers passed verification, import them into the database
+ for i, header := range chain {
+ // Short circuit insertion if shutting down
+ if hc.procInterrupt() {
+ glog.V(logger.Debug).Infoln("premature abort during header chain processing")
+ break
+ }
+ hash := header.Hash()
+
+ // If the header's already known, skip it, otherwise store
+ if hc.HasHeader(hash) {
+ stats.ignored++
+ continue
+ }
+ if err := writeHeader(header); err != nil {
+ return i, err
+ }
+ stats.processed++
+ }
+ // Report some public statistics so the user has a clue what's going on
+ first, last := chain[0], chain[len(chain)-1]
+ glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("imported %d header(s) (%d ignored) in %v. #%v [%x… / %x…]", stats.processed, stats.ignored,
+ time.Since(start), last.Number, first.Hash().Bytes()[:4], last.Hash().Bytes()[:4])
+
+ return 0, nil
+}
+
+// GetBlockHashesFromHash retrieves a number of block hashes starting at a given
+// hash, fetching towards the genesis block.
+func (hc *HeaderChain) GetBlockHashesFromHash(hash common.Hash, max uint64) []common.Hash {
+ // Get the origin header from which to fetch
+ header := hc.GetHeader(hash)
+ if header == nil {
+ return nil
+ }
+ // Iterate the headers until enough is collected or the genesis reached
+ chain := make([]common.Hash, 0, max)
+ for i := uint64(0); i < max; i++ {
+ if header = hc.GetHeader(header.ParentHash); header == nil {
+ break
+ }
+ chain = append(chain, header.Hash())
+ if header.Number.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
+ break
+ }
+ }
+ return chain
+}
+
+// GetTd retrieves a block's total difficulty in the canonical chain from the
+// database by hash, caching it if found.
+func (hc *HeaderChain) GetTd(hash common.Hash) *big.Int {
+ // Short circuit if the td's already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
+ if cached, ok := hc.tdCache.Get(hash); ok {
+ return cached.(*big.Int)
+ }
+ td := GetTd(hc.chainDb, hash)
+ if td == nil {
+ return nil
+ }
+ // Cache the found body for next time and return
+ hc.tdCache.Add(hash, td)
+ return td
+}
+
+// GetHeader retrieves a block header from the database by hash, caching it if
+// found.
+func (hc *HeaderChain) GetHeader(hash common.Hash) *types.Header {
+ // Short circuit if the header's already in the cache, retrieve otherwise
+ if header, ok := hc.headerCache.Get(hash); ok {
+ return header.(*types.Header)
+ }
+ header := GetHeader(hc.chainDb, hash)
+ if header == nil {
+ return nil
+ }
+ // Cache the found header for next time and return
+ hc.headerCache.Add(header.Hash(), header)
+ return header
+}
+
+// HasHeader checks if a block header is present in the database or not, caching
+// it if present.
+func (hc *HeaderChain) HasHeader(hash common.Hash) bool {
+ return hc.GetHeader(hash) != nil
+}
+
+// GetHeaderByNumber retrieves a block header from the database by number,
+// caching it (associated with its hash) if found.
+func (hc *HeaderChain) GetHeaderByNumber(number uint64) *types.Header {
+ hash := GetCanonicalHash(hc.chainDb, number)
+ if hash == (common.Hash{}) {
+ return nil
+ }
+ return hc.GetHeader(hash)
+}
+
+// CurrentHeader retrieves the current head header of the canonical chain. The
+// header is retrieved from the HeaderChain's internal cache.
+func (hc *HeaderChain) CurrentHeader() *types.Header {
+ return hc.currentHeader
+}
+
+// SetCurrentHeader sets the current head header of the canonical chain.
+func (hc *HeaderChain) SetCurrentHeader(head *types.Header) {
+ if err := WriteHeadHeaderHash(hc.chainDb, head.Hash()); err != nil {
+ glog.Fatalf("failed to insert head header hash: %v", err)
+ }
+ hc.currentHeader = head
+}
+
+// DeleteCallback is a callback function that is called by SetHead before
+// each header is deleted.
+type DeleteCallback func(common.Hash)
+
+// SetHead rewinds the local chain to a new head. Everything above the new head
+// will be deleted and the new one set.
+func (hc *HeaderChain) SetHead(head uint64, delFn DeleteCallback) {
+ height := uint64(0)
+ if hc.currentHeader != nil {
+ height = hc.currentHeader.Number.Uint64()
+ }
+
+ for hc.currentHeader != nil && hc.currentHeader.Number.Uint64() > head {
+ hash := hc.currentHeader.Hash()
+ if delFn != nil {
+ delFn(hash)
+ }
+ DeleteHeader(hc.chainDb, hash)
+ DeleteTd(hc.chainDb, hash)
+ hc.currentHeader = hc.GetHeader(hc.currentHeader.ParentHash)
+ }
+ // Roll back the canonical chain numbering
+ for i := height; i > head; i-- {
+ DeleteCanonicalHash(hc.chainDb, i)
+ }
+ // Clear out any stale content from the caches
+ hc.headerCache.Purge()
+ hc.tdCache.Purge()
+
+ if hc.currentHeader == nil {
+ hc.currentHeader = hc.genesisHeader
+ }
+ if err := WriteHeadHeaderHash(hc.chainDb, hc.currentHeader.Hash()); err != nil {
+ glog.Fatalf("failed to reset head header hash: %v", err)
+ }
+}
+
+// SetGenesis sets a new genesis block header for the chain
+func (hc *HeaderChain) SetGenesis(head *types.Header) {
+ hc.genesisHeader = head
+}
+
+// headerValidator is responsible for validating block headers
+//
+// headerValidator implements HeaderValidator.
+type headerValidator struct {
+ hc *HeaderChain // Canonical header chain
+ Pow pow.PoW // Proof of work used for validating
+}
+
+// NewBlockValidator returns a new block validator which is safe for re-use
+func NewHeaderValidator(chain *HeaderChain, pow pow.PoW) HeaderValidator {
+ return &headerValidator{
+ Pow: pow,
+ hc: chain,
+ }
+}
+
+// ValidateHeader validates the given header and, depending on the pow arg,
+// checks the proof of work of the given header. Returns an error if the
+// validation failed.
+func (v *headerValidator) ValidateHeader(header, parent *types.Header, checkPow bool) error {
+ // Short circuit if the parent is missing.
+ if parent == nil {
+ return ParentError(header.ParentHash)
+ }
+ // Short circuit if the header's already known or its parent missing
+ if v.hc.HasHeader(header.Hash()) {
+ return nil
+ }
+ return ValidateHeader(v.Pow, header, parent, checkPow, false)
+}
diff --git a/core/types.go b/core/types.go
index 027f628b1..60eb15662 100644
--- a/core/types.go
+++ b/core/types.go
@@ -38,14 +38,22 @@ import (
// ValidateHeader validates the given header and parent and returns an error
// if it failed to do so.
//
-// ValidateStack validates the given statedb and optionally the receipts and
+// ValidateState validates the given statedb and optionally the receipts and
// gas used. The implementor should decide what to do with the given input.
type Validator interface {
+ HeaderValidator
ValidateBlock(block *types.Block) error
- ValidateHeader(header, parent *types.Header, checkPow bool) error
ValidateState(block, parent *types.Block, state *state.StateDB, receipts types.Receipts, usedGas *big.Int) error
}
+// HeaderValidator is an interface for validating headers only
+//
+// ValidateHeader validates the given header and parent and returns an error
+// if it failed to do so.
+type HeaderValidator interface {
+ ValidateHeader(header, parent *types.Header, checkPow bool) error
+}
+
// Processor is an interface for processing blocks using a given initial state.
//
// Process takes the block to be processed and the statedb upon which the