accounts/abi/bind, cmd/abigen: port to templates, bind to solidity

9 files changed, 530 insertions, 428 deletions

diff --git a/accounts/abi/bind/auth.go b/accounts/abi/bind/auth.go
index e0491497c..624f995b0 100644
--- a/accounts/abi/bind/auth.go
+++ b/accounts/abi/bind/auth.go
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ package bind
 
 import (
 	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"io/ioutil"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
@@ -25,9 +27,13 @@ import (
 )
 
 // NewTransactor is a utility method to easily create a transaction signer from
-// an encrypted json key file and the associated passphrase.
-func NewTransactor(keyjson string, passphrase string) (*TransactOpts, error) {
-	key, err := crypto.DecryptKey([]byte(keyjson), passphrase)
+// an encrypted json key stream and the associated passphrase.
+func NewTransactor(keyin io.Reader, passphrase string) (*TransactOpts, error) {
+	json, err := ioutil.ReadAll(keyin)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	key, err := crypto.DecryptKey(json, passphrase)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -38,7 +44,7 @@ func NewTransactor(keyjson string, passphrase string) (*TransactOpts, error) {
 // from a plain go-ethereum crypto key.
 func NewKeyedTransactor(key *crypto.Key) *TransactOpts {
 	return &TransactOpts{
-		Account: key.Address,
+		From: key.Address,
 		Signer: func(address common.Address, tx *types.Transaction) (*types.Transaction, error) {
 			if address != key.Address {
 				return nil, errors.New("not authorized to sign this account")
diff --git a/accounts/abi/bind/backend.go b/accounts/abi/bind/backend.go
index 596e97f1d..328f9f3b7 100644
--- a/accounts/abi/bind/backend.go
+++ b/accounts/abi/bind/backend.go
@@ -38,14 +38,18 @@ type ContractCaller interface {
 // to the transactor to decide.
 type ContractTransactor interface {
 	// Nonce retrieves the current pending nonce associated with an account.
-	AccountNonce(account common.Address) (uint64, error)
-
-	// GasPrice retrieves the currently suggested gas price to allow a timely execution
-	// of a transaction.
-	GasPrice() (*big.Int, error)
-
-	// GasLimit tries to estimate the gas needed to execute a specific transaction.
-	GasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte) (*big.Int, error)
+	PendingAccountNonce(account common.Address) (uint64, error)
+
+	// SuggestGasPrice retrieves the currently suggested gas price to allow a timely
+	// execution of a transaction.
+	SuggestGasPrice() (*big.Int, error)
+
+	// EstimateGasLimit tries to estimate the gas needed to execute a specific
+	// transaction based on the current pending state of the backend blockchain.
+	// There is no guarantee that this is the true gas limit requirement as other
+	// transactions may be added or removed by miners, but it should provide a basis
+	// for setting a reasonable default.
+	EstimateGasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte) (*big.Int, error)
 
 	// SendTransaction injects the transaction into the pending pool for execution.
 	SendTransaction(*types.Transaction) error
diff --git a/accounts/abi/bind/backends/nil.go b/accounts/abi/bind/backends/nil.go
index 8b1f9d63e..3b1e6dce7 100644
--- a/accounts/abi/bind/backends/nil.go
+++ b/accounts/abi/bind/backends/nil.go
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 )
 
+// This nil assignment ensures compile time that nilBackend implements bind.ContractBackend.
+var _ bind.ContractBackend = (*nilBackend)(nil)
+
 // nilBackend implements bind.ContractBackend, but panics on any method call.
 // Its sole purpose is to support the binding tests to construct the generated
 // wrappers without calling any methods on them.
@@ -32,12 +35,12 @@ type nilBackend struct{}
 func (*nilBackend) ContractCall(common.Address, []byte, bool) ([]byte, error) {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
-func (*nilBackend) GasLimit(common.Address, *common.Address, *big.Int, []byte) (*big.Int, error) {
+func (*nilBackend) EstimateGasLimit(common.Address, *common.Address, *big.Int, []byte) (*big.Int, error) {
 	panic("not implemented")
 }
-func (*nilBackend) GasPrice() (*big.Int, error)                 { panic("not implemented") }
-func (*nilBackend) AccountNonce(common.Address) (uint64, error) { panic("not implemented") }
-func (*nilBackend) SendTransaction(*types.Transaction) error    { panic("not implemented") }
+func (*nilBackend) SuggestGasPrice() (*big.Int, error)                 { panic("not implemented") }
+func (*nilBackend) PendingAccountNonce(common.Address) (uint64, error) { panic("not implemented") }
+func (*nilBackend) SendTransaction(*types.Transaction) error           { panic("not implemented") }
 
 // NewNilBackend creates a new binding backend that can be used for instantiation
 // but will panic on any invocation. Its sole purpose is to help testing.
diff --git a/accounts/abi/bind/backends/remote.go b/accounts/abi/bind/backends/remote.go
index 7177809bb..8e990f076 100644
--- a/accounts/abi/bind/backends/remote.go
+++ b/accounts/abi/bind/backends/remote.go
@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
 )
 
+// This nil assignment ensures compile time that rpcBackend implements bind.ContractBackend.
+var _ bind.ContractBackend = (*rpcBackend)(nil)
+
 // rpcBackend implements bind.ContractBackend, and acts as the data provider to
 // Ethereum contracts bound to Go structs. It uses an RPC connection to delegate
 // all its functionality.
@@ -53,16 +56,16 @@ func NewRPCBackend(client rpc.Client) bind.ContractBackend {
 // request is a JSON RPC request package assembled internally from the client
 // method calls.
 type request struct {
-	JsonRpc string        `json:"jsonrpc"` // Version of the JSON RPC protocol, always set to 2.0
-	Id      int           `json:"id"`      // Auto incrementing ID number for this request
+	JSONRPC string        `json:"jsonrpc"` // Version of the JSON RPC protocol, always set to 2.0
+	ID      int           `json:"id"`      // Auto incrementing ID number for this request
 	Method  string        `json:"method"`  // Remote procedure name to invoke on the server
 	Params  []interface{} `json:"params"`  // List of parameters to pass through (keep types simple)
 }
 
 // response is a JSON RPC response package sent back from the API server.
 type response struct {
-	JsonRpc string          `json:"jsonrpc"` // Version of the JSON RPC protocol, always set to 2.0
-	Id      int             `json:"id"`      // Auto incrementing ID number for this request
+	JSONRPC string          `json:"jsonrpc"` // Version of the JSON RPC protocol, always set to 2.0
+	ID      int             `json:"id"`      // Auto incrementing ID number for this request
 	Error   json.RawMessage `json:"error"`   // Any error returned by the remote side
 	Result  json.RawMessage `json:"result"`  // Whatever the remote side sends us in reply
 }
@@ -71,9 +74,9 @@ type response struct {
 //
 // This is currently painfully non-concurrent, but it will have to do until we
 // find the time for niceties like this :P
-func (backend *rpcBackend) request(method string, params []interface{}) (json.RawMessage, error) {
-	backend.lock.Lock()
-	defer backend.lock.Unlock()
+func (b *rpcBackend) request(method string, params []interface{}) (json.RawMessage, error) {
+	b.lock.Lock()
+	defer b.lock.Unlock()
 
 	// Ugly hack to serialize an empty list properly
 	if params == nil {
@@ -81,16 +84,16 @@ func (backend *rpcBackend) request(method string, params []interface{}) (json.Ra
 	}
 	// Assemble the request object
 	req := &request{
-		JsonRpc: "2.0",
-		Id:      int(atomic.AddUint32(&backend.autoid, 1)),
+		JSONRPC: "2.0",
+		ID:      int(atomic.AddUint32(&b.autoid, 1)),
 		Method:  method,
 		Params:  params,
 	}
-	if err := backend.client.Send(req); err != nil {
+	if err := b.client.Send(req); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	res := new(response)
-	if err := backend.client.Recv(res); err != nil {
+	if err := b.client.Recv(res); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	if len(res.Error) > 0 {
@@ -127,9 +130,9 @@ func (b *rpcBackend) ContractCall(contract common.Address, data []byte, pending
 	return common.FromHex(hex), nil
 }
 
-// AccountNonce implements ContractTransactor.AccountNonce, delegating the
-// current account nonce retrieval to the remote node.
-func (b *rpcBackend) AccountNonce(account common.Address) (uint64, error) {
+// PendingAccountNonce implements ContractTransactor.PendingAccountNonce, delegating
+// the current account nonce retrieval to the remote node.
+func (b *rpcBackend) PendingAccountNonce(account common.Address) (uint64, error) {
 	res, err := b.request("eth_getTransactionCount", []interface{}{account.Hex(), "pending"})
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
@@ -138,12 +141,16 @@ func (b *rpcBackend) AccountNonce(account common.Address) (uint64, error) {
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(res, &hex); err != nil {
 		return 0, err
 	}
-	return new(big.Int).SetBytes(common.FromHex(hex)).Uint64(), nil
+	nonce, ok := new(big.Int).SetString(hex, 0)
+	if !ok {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid nonce hex: %s", hex)
+	}
+	return nonce.Uint64(), nil
 }
 
-// GasPrice implements ContractTransactor.GasPrice, delegating the gas price
-// oracle request to the remote node.
-func (b *rpcBackend) GasPrice() (*big.Int, error) {
+// SuggestGasPrice implements ContractTransactor.SuggestGasPrice, delegating the
+// gas price oracle request to the remote node.
+func (b *rpcBackend) SuggestGasPrice() (*big.Int, error) {
 	res, err := b.request("eth_gasPrice", nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -152,12 +159,16 @@ func (b *rpcBackend) GasPrice() (*big.Int, error) {
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(res, &hex); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	return new(big.Int).SetBytes(common.FromHex(hex)), nil
+	price, ok := new(big.Int).SetString(hex, 0)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid price hex: %s", hex)
+	}
+	return price, nil
 }
 
-// GasLimit implements ContractTransactor.GasLimit, delegating the gas estimation
-// to the remote node.
-func (b *rpcBackend) GasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte) (*big.Int, error) {
+// EstimateGasLimit implements ContractTransactor.EstimateGasLimit, delegating
+// the gas estimation to the remote node.
+func (b *rpcBackend) EstimateGasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte) (*big.Int, error) {
 	// Pack up the request into an RPC argument
 	args := struct {
 		From  common.Address  `json:"from"`
@@ -179,12 +190,15 @@ func (b *rpcBackend) GasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Address, v
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(res, &hex); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	// Convert the response back to a Go byte slice and return
-	return new(big.Int).SetBytes(common.FromHex(hex)), nil
+	estimate, ok := new(big.Int).SetString(hex, 0)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid estimate hex: %s", hex)
+	}
+	return estimate, nil
 }
 
-// Transact implements ContractTransactor.SendTransaction, delegating the raw
-// transaction injection to the remote node.
+// SendTransaction implements ContractTransactor.SendTransaction, delegating the
+// raw transaction injection to the remote node.
 func (b *rpcBackend) SendTransaction(tx *types.Transaction) error {
 	data, err := rlp.EncodeToBytes(tx)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go b/accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go
index 17a0ed7fe..18e8481c5 100644
--- a/accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go
+++ b/accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ package backends
 import (
 	"math/big"
 
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/abi/bind"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
@@ -27,6 +28,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
 )
 
+// This nil assignment ensures compile time that SimulatedBackend implements bind.ContractBackend.
+var _ bind.ContractBackend = (*SimulatedBackend)(nil)
+
 // SimulatedBackend implements bind.ContractBackend, simulating a blockchain in
 // the background. Its main purpose is to allow easily testing contract bindings.
 type SimulatedBackend struct {
@@ -79,13 +83,11 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) ContractCall(contract common.Address, data []byte, pe
 		statedb *state.StateDB
 	)
 	if pending {
-		block, statedb = b.pendingBlock, b.pendingState
+		block, statedb = b.pendingBlock, b.pendingState.Copy()
 	} else {
 		block = b.blockchain.CurrentBlock()
 		statedb, _ = b.blockchain.State()
 	}
-	statedb = statedb.Copy()
-
 	// Set infinite balance to the a fake caller account
 	from := statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(common.Address{})
 	from.SetBalance(common.MaxBig)
@@ -100,28 +102,29 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) ContractCall(contract common.Address, data []byte, pe
 		data:     data,
 	}
 	// Execute the call and return
-	vmenv := core.NewEnv(statedb, b.blockchain, msg, block.Header())
+	vmenv := core.NewEnv(statedb, b.blockchain, msg, block.Header(), nil)
 	gaspool := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(common.MaxBig)
 
 	out, _, err := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, gaspool)
 	return out, err
 }
 
-// AccountNonce implements ContractTransactor.AccountNonce, retrieving the nonce
-// currently pending for the account.
-func (b *SimulatedBackend) AccountNonce(account common.Address) (uint64, error) {
+// PendingAccountNonce implements ContractTransactor.PendingAccountNonce, retrieving
+// the nonce currently pending for the account.
+func (b *SimulatedBackend) PendingAccountNonce(account common.Address) (uint64, error) {
 	return b.pendingState.GetOrNewStateObject(account).Nonce(), nil
 }
 
-// GasPrice implements ContractTransactor.GasPrice. Since the simulated chain
-// doens't have miners, we just return a gas price of 1 for any call.
-func (b *SimulatedBackend) GasPrice() (*big.Int, error) {
+// SuggestGasPrice implements ContractTransactor.SuggestGasPrice. Since the simulated
+// chain doens't have miners, we just return a gas price of 1 for any call.
+func (b *SimulatedBackend) SuggestGasPrice() (*big.Int, error) {
 	return big.NewInt(1), nil
 }
 
-// GasLimit implements ContractTransactor.GasLimit, executing the requested code
-// against the currently pending block/state and returning the used gas.
-func (b *SimulatedBackend) GasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte) (*big.Int, error) {
+// EstimateGasLimit implements ContractTransactor.EstimateGasLimit, executing the
+// requested code against the currently pending block/state and returning the used
+// gas.
+func (b *SimulatedBackend) EstimateGasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Address, value *big.Int, data []byte) (*big.Int, error) {
 	// Create a copy of the currently pending state db to screw around with
 	var (
 		block   = b.pendingBlock
@@ -142,14 +145,14 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) GasLimit(sender common.Address, contract *common.Addr
 		data:     data,
 	}
 	// Execute the call and return
-	vmenv := core.NewEnv(statedb, b.blockchain, msg, block.Header())
+	vmenv := core.NewEnv(statedb, b.blockchain, msg, block.Header(), nil)
 	gaspool := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(common.MaxBig)
 
 	_, gas, err := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, gaspool)
 	return gas, err
 }
 
-// Transact implements ContractTransactor.SendTransaction, delegating the raw
+// SendTransaction implements ContractTransactor.SendTransaction, delegating the raw
 // transaction injection to the remote node.
 func (b *SimulatedBackend) SendTransaction(tx *types.Transaction) error {
 	blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(b.blockchain.CurrentBlock(), b.database, 1, func(number int, block *core.BlockGen) {
diff --git a/accounts/abi/bind/base.go b/accounts/abi/bind/base.go
index e9e35fbcb..053b4ccc0 100644
--- a/accounts/abi/bind/base.go
+++ b/accounts/abi/bind/base.go
@@ -39,9 +39,9 @@ type CallOpts struct {
 // TransactOpts is the collection of authorization data required to create a
 // valid Ethereum transaction.
 type TransactOpts struct {
-	Account common.Address // Ethereum account to send the transaction from
-	Nonce   *big.Int       // Nonce to use for the transaction execution (nil = use pending state)
-	Signer  SignerFn       // Method to use for signing the transaction (mandatory)
+	From   common.Address // Ethereum account to send the transaction from
+	Nonce  *big.Int       // Nonce to use for the transaction execution (nil = use pending state)
+	Signer SignerFn       // Method to use for signing the transaction (mandatory)
 
 	Value    *big.Int // Funds to transfer along along the transaction (nil = 0 = no funds)
 	GasPrice *big.Int // Gas price to use for the transaction execution (nil = gas price oracle)
@@ -72,12 +72,8 @@ func NewBoundContract(address common.Address, abi abi.ABI, caller ContractCaller
 // DeployContract deploys a contract onto the Ethereum blockchain and binds the
 // deployment address with a Go wrapper.
 func DeployContract(opts *TransactOpts, abi abi.ABI, bytecode []byte, backend ContractBackend, params ...interface{}) (common.Address, *types.Transaction, *BoundContract, error) {
-	// Sanity check the authorization options
-	if opts == nil {
-		return common.Address{}, nil, nil, errors.New("transaction options missing")
-	}
 	// Otherwise try to deploy the contract
-	c := NewBoundContract(common.Address{}, abi, backend.(ContractCaller), backend.(ContractTransactor))
+	c := NewBoundContract(common.Address{}, abi, backend, backend)
 
 	input, err := c.abi.Pack("", params...)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -87,7 +83,7 @@ func DeployContract(opts *TransactOpts, abi abi.ABI, bytecode []byte, backend Co
 	if err != nil {
 		return common.Address{}, nil, nil, err
 	}
-	c.address = crypto.CreateAddress(opts.Account, tx.Nonce())
+	c.address = crypto.CreateAddress(opts.From, tx.Nonce())
 	return c.address, tx, c, nil
 }
 
@@ -115,10 +111,6 @@ func (c *BoundContract) Call(opts *CallOpts, result interface{}, method string,
 // Transact invokes the (paid) contract method with params as input values and
 // value as the fund transfer to the contract.
 func (c *BoundContract) Transact(opts *TransactOpts, method string, params ...interface{}) (*types.Transaction, error) {
-	// Sanity check the authorization options
-	if opts == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("transaction options missing")
-	}
 	// Otherwise pack up the parameters and invoke the contract
 	input, err := c.abi.Pack(method, params...)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -139,7 +131,7 @@ func (c *BoundContract) transact(opts *TransactOpts, contract *common.Address, i
 	}
 	nonce := uint64(0)
 	if opts.Nonce == nil {
-		nonce, err = c.transactor.AccountNonce(opts.Account)
+		nonce, err = c.transactor.PendingAccountNonce(opts.From)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve account nonce: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -149,14 +141,14 @@ func (c *BoundContract) transact(opts *TransactOpts, contract *common.Address, i
 	// Figure out the gas allowance and gas price values
 	gasPrice := opts.GasPrice
 	if gasPrice == nil {
-		gasPrice, err = c.transactor.GasPrice()
+		gasPrice, err = c.transactor.SuggestGasPrice()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to suggest gas price: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
 	gasLimit := opts.GasLimit
 	if gasLimit == nil {
-		gasLimit, err = c.transactor.GasLimit(opts.Account, contract, value, input)
+		gasLimit, err = c.transactor.EstimateGasLimit(opts.From, contract, value, input)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to exstimate gas needed: %v", err)
 		}
@@ -171,7 +163,7 @@ func (c *BoundContract) transact(opts *TransactOpts, contract *common.Address, i
 	if opts.Signer == nil {
 		return nil, errors.New("no signer to authorize the transaction with")
 	}
-	signedTx, err := opts.Signer(opts.Account, rawTx)
+	signedTx, err := opts.Signer(opts.From, rawTx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
diff --git a/accounts/abi/bind/bind.go b/accounts/abi/bind/bind.go
index 5bd230d0d..8b587f1aa 100644
--- a/accounts/abi/bind/bind.go
+++ b/accounts/abi/bind/bind.go
@@ -15,13 +15,17 @@
 // along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 // Package bind generates Ethereum contract Go bindings.
+//
+// Detailed usage document and tutorial available on the go-ethereum Wiki page:
+// https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/wiki/Native-DApps:-Go-bindings-to-Ethereum-contracts
 package bind
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
-	"sort"
 	"strings"
+	"text/template"
+	"unicode"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/abi"
 	"golang.org/x/tools/imports"
@@ -31,254 +35,84 @@ import (
 // to be used as is in client code, but rather as an intermediate struct which
 // enforces compile time type safety and naming convention opposed to having to
 // manually maintain hard coded strings that break on runtime.
-func Bind(abijson string, bytecode string, pkg string, kind string) (string, error) {
-	// Parse the actual ABI to generate the binding for
-	abi, err := abi.JSON(strings.NewReader(abijson))
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", err
-	}
-	// Generate the contract type, fields and methods
-	code := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	kind = strings.ToUpper(kind[:1]) + kind[1:]
-
-	fmt.Fprintf(code, "%s\n", bindContract(kind, strings.TrimSpace(abijson)))
-	fmt.Fprintf(code, "%s\n", bindConstructor(kind, strings.TrimSpace(bytecode), abi.Constructor))
-
-	methods := make([]string, 0, len(abi.Methods))
-	for name, _ := range abi.Methods {
-		methods = append(methods, name)
-	}
-	sort.Strings(methods)
-
-	for _, method := range methods {
-		fmt.Fprintf(code, "%s\n", bindMethod(kind, abi.Methods[method]))
-	}
-	// Format the code with goimports and return
-	buffer := new(bytes.Buffer)
-
-	fmt.Fprintf(buffer, "// This file is an automatically generated Go binding based on the contract ABI\n")
-	fmt.Fprintf(buffer, "// defined in %sABI. Do not modify as any change will likely be lost!\n\n", kind)
-	fmt.Fprintf(buffer, "package %s\n\n", pkg)
-	fmt.Fprintf(buffer, "%s\n\n", string(code.Bytes()))
-
-	blob, err := imports.Process("", buffer.Bytes(), nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("%v\n%s", err, code)
-	}
-	return string(blob), nil
-}
-
-// bindContract generates the basic wrapper code for interacting with an Ethereum
-// contract via the abi package. All contract methods will call into the generic
-// ones generated here.
-func bindContract(kind string, abijson string) string {
-	code := ""
-
-	// Generate the hard coded ABI used for Ethereum interaction
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// Ethereum ABI used to generate the binding from.\nconst %sABI = `%s`\n\n", kind, abijson)
-
-	// Generate the high level contract wrapper types
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// %s is an auto generated Go binding around an Ethereum contract.\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("type %s struct {\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  %sCaller     // Read-only binding to the contract\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  %sTransactor // Write-only binding to the contract\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// %sCaller is an auto generated read-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract.\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("type %sCaller struct {\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  contract *bind.BoundContract // Generic contract wrapper for the low level calls\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// %sTransactor is an auto generated write-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract.\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("type %sTransactor struct {\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  contract *bind.BoundContract // Generic contract wrapper for the low level calls\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	// Generate the high level contract session wrapper types
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// %sSession is an auto generated Go binding around an Ethereum contract,\n// with pre-set call and transact options.\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("type %sSession struct {\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  Contract     *%s               // Generic contract binding to set the session for\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  CallOpts     bind.CallOpts     // Call options to use throughout this session\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  TransactOpts bind.TransactOpts // Transaction auth options to use throughout this session\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// %sCallerSession is an auto generated read-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract,\n// with pre-set call options.\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("type %sCallerSession struct {\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  Contract *%sCaller     // Generic contract caller binding to set the session for\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  CallOpts bind.CallOpts // Call options to use throughout this session\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// %sTransactorSession is an auto generated write-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract,\n// with pre-set transact options.\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("type %sTransactorSession struct {\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  Contract     *%sTransactor     // Generic contract transactor binding to set the session for\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  TransactOpts bind.TransactOpts // Transaction auth options to use throughout this session\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	// Generate the constructor to create a bound contract
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// New%s creates a new instance of %s, bound to a specific deployed contract.\n", kind, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("func New%s(address common.Address, backend bind.ContractBackend) (*%s, error) {\n", kind, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  contract, err := bind%s(address, backend.(bind.ContractCaller), backend.(bind.ContractTransactor))\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  if err != nil {\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("    return nil, err\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  }\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  return &%s{%sCaller: %sCaller{contract: contract}, %sTransactor: %sTransactor{contract: contract}}, nil\n", kind, kind, kind, kind, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// New%sCaller creates a new read-only instance of %s, bound to a specific deployed contract.\n", kind, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("func New%sCaller(address common.Address, caller bind.ContractCaller) (*%sCaller, error) {\n", kind, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  contract, err := bind%s(address, caller, nil)\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  if err != nil {\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("    return nil, err\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  }\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  return &%sCaller{contract: contract}, nil\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// New%sTransactor creates a new write-only instance of %s, bound to a specific deployed contract.\n", kind, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("func New%sTransactor(address common.Address, transactor bind.ContractTransactor) (*%sTransactor, error) {\n", kind, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  contract, err := bind%s(address, nil, transactor)\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  if err != nil {\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("    return nil, err\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  }\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  return &%sTransactor{contract: contract}, nil\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// bind%s binds a generic wrapper to an already deployed contract.\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("func bind%s(address common.Address, caller bind.ContractCaller, transactor bind.ContractTransactor) (*bind.BoundContract, error) {\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  parsed, err := abi.JSON(strings.NewReader(%sABI))\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  if err != nil {\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("    return nil, err\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  }\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  return bind.NewBoundContract(address, parsed, caller, transactor), nil\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}")
-
-	return code
-}
-
-// bindConstructor
-func bindConstructor(kind string, bytecode string, constructor abi.Method) string {
-	// If no byte code was supplied, we cannot deploy
-	if bytecode == "" {
-		return ""
-	}
-	// Otherwise store the bytecode into a global constant
-	code := fmt.Sprintf("// Ethereum VM bytecode used for deploying new contracts.\nconst %sBin = `%s`\n\n", kind, bytecode)
-
-	// Generate the argument list for the constructor
-	args := make([]string, 0, len(constructor.Inputs))
-	for i, arg := range constructor.Inputs {
-		param := arg.Name
-		if param == "" {
-			param = fmt.Sprintf("arg%d", i)
+func Bind(types []string, abis []string, bytecodes []string, pkg string) (string, error) {
+	// Process each individual contract requested binding
+	contracts := make(map[string]*tmplContract)
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(types); i++ {
+		// Parse the actual ABI to generate the binding for
+		evmABI, err := abi.JSON(strings.NewReader(abis[i]))
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
 		}
-		args = append(args, fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", param, bindType(arg.Type)))
-	}
-	arglist := ""
-	if len(args) > 0 {
-		arglist = "," + strings.Join(args, ",")
-	}
-	// Generate the cal parameter list for the dpeloyer
-	params := make([]string, len(args))
-	for i, param := range args {
-		params[i] = strings.Split(param, " ")[0]
-	}
-	paramlist := ""
-	if len(params) > 0 {
-		paramlist = "," + strings.Join(params, ",")
-	}
-	// And generate the global deployment function
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("// Deploy%s deploys a new contract, binding an instance of %s to it.\n", kind, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("func Deploy%s(auth *bind.TransactOpts, backend bind.ContractBackend %s) (common.Address, *types.Transaction, *%s, error) {\n", kind, arglist, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  parsed, err := abi.JSON(strings.NewReader(%sABI))\n", kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  if err != nil {\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("    return common.Address{}, nil, nil, err\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  }\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  address, tx, contract, err := bind.DeployContract(auth, parsed, common.FromHex(%sBin), backend %s)\n", kind, paramlist)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  if err != nil {\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("    return common.Address{}, nil, nil, err\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  }\n")
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("  return address, tx, &%s{%sCaller: %sCaller{contract: contract}, %sTransactor: %sTransactor{contract: contract}}, nil\n", kind, kind, kind, kind, kind)
-	code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-	return code
-}
-
-// bindMethod
-func bindMethod(kind string, method abi.Method) string {
-	var (
-		name     = strings.ToUpper(method.Name[:1]) + method.Name[1:]
-		prologue = new(bytes.Buffer)
-	)
-	// Generate the argument and return list for the function
-	args := make([]string, 0, len(method.Inputs))
-	for i, arg := range method.Inputs {
-		param := arg.Name
-		if param == "" {
-			param = fmt.Sprintf("arg%d", i)
+		// Strip any whitespace from the JSON ABI
+		strippedABI := strings.Map(func(r rune) rune {
+			if unicode.IsSpace(r) {
+				return -1
+			}
+			return r
+		}, abis[i])
+
+		// Extract the call and transact methods, and sort them alphabetically
+		var (
+			calls     = make(map[string]*tmplMethod)
+			transacts = make(map[string]*tmplMethod)
+		)
+		for _, original := range evmABI.Methods {
+			// Normalize the method for capital cases and non-anonymous inputs/outputs
+			normalized := original
+			normalized.Name = capitalise(original.Name)
+
+			normalized.Inputs = make([]abi.Argument, len(original.Inputs))
+			copy(normalized.Inputs, original.Inputs)
+			for j, input := range normalized.Inputs {
+				if input.Name == "" {
+					normalized.Inputs[j].Name = fmt.Sprintf("arg%d", j)
+				}
+			}
+			normalized.Outputs = make([]abi.Argument, len(original.Outputs))
+			copy(normalized.Outputs, original.Outputs)
+			for j, output := range normalized.Outputs {
+				if output.Name != "" {
+					normalized.Outputs[j].Name = capitalise(output.Name)
+				}
+			}
+			// Append the methos to the call or transact lists
+			if original.Const {
+				calls[original.Name] = &tmplMethod{Original: original, Normalized: normalized, Structured: structured(original)}
+			} else {
+				transacts[original.Name] = &tmplMethod{Original: original, Normalized: normalized, Structured: structured(original)}
+			}
+		}
+		contracts[types[i]] = &tmplContract{
+			Type:        capitalise(types[i]),
+			InputABI:    strippedABI,
+			InputBin:    strings.TrimSpace(bytecodes[i]),
+			Constructor: evmABI.Constructor,
+			Calls:       calls,
+			Transacts:   transacts,
 		}
-		args = append(args, fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", param, bindType(arg.Type)))
 	}
-	returns, _ := bindReturn(prologue, name, method.Outputs)
-
-	// Generate the docs to help with coding against the binding
-	callTypeDoc := "free data retrieval call"
-	if !method.Const {
-		callTypeDoc = "paid mutator transaction"
+	// Generate the contract template data content and render it
+	data := &tmplData{
+		Package:   pkg,
+		Contracts: contracts,
 	}
-	docs := fmt.Sprintf("// %s is a %s binding the contract method 0x%x.\n", name, callTypeDoc, method.Id())
-	docs += fmt.Sprintf("// \n")
-	docs += fmt.Sprintf("// Solidity: %s", strings.TrimPrefix(method.String(), "function "))
+	buffer := new(bytes.Buffer)
 
-	// Generate the passthrough argument list for sessions
-	params := make([]string, len(args))
-	for i, param := range args {
-		params[i] = strings.Split(param, " ")[0]
+	funcs := map[string]interface{}{
+		"bindtype": bindType,
 	}
-	sessargs := ""
-	if len(params) > 0 {
-		sessargs = "," + strings.Join(params, ",")
+	tmpl := template.Must(template.New("").Funcs(funcs).Parse(tmplSource))
+	if err := tmpl.Execute(buffer, data); err != nil {
+		return "", err
 	}
-	// Generate the method itself for both the read/write version and the combo too
-	code := fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", prologue)
-	if method.Const {
-		// Create the main call implementation
-		callargs := append([]string{"opts *bind.CallOpts"}, args...)
-
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", docs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("func (_%s *%sCaller) %s(%s) (%s) {\n", kind, kind, name, strings.Join(callargs, ","), strings.Join(returns, ","))
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("  %s\n", bindCallBody(kind, method.Name, callargs, returns))
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-		// Create the wrapping session call implementation
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", docs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("func (_%s *%sSession) %s(%s) (%s) {\n", kind, kind, name, strings.Join(args, ","), strings.Join(returns, ","))
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("  return _%s.Contract.%s(&_%s.CallOpts %s)\n", kind, name, kind, sessargs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", docs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("func (_%s *%sCallerSession) %s(%s) (%s) {\n", kind, kind, name, strings.Join(args, ","), strings.Join(returns, ","))
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("  return _%s.Contract.%s(&_%s.CallOpts %s)\n", kind, name, kind, sessargs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-	} else {
-		// Create the main transaction implementation
-		txargs := append([]string{"opts *bind.TransactOpts"}, args...)
-
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", docs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("func (_%s *%sTransactor) %s(%s) (*types.Transaction, error) {\n", kind, kind, name, strings.Join(txargs, ","))
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("  %s\n", bindTransactionBody(kind, method.Name, txargs))
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-		// Create the wrapping session call implementation
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", docs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("func (_%s *%sSession) %s(%s) (*types.Transaction, error) {\n", kind, kind, name, strings.Join(args, ","))
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("  return _%s.Contract.%s(&_%s.TransactOpts %s)\n", kind, name, kind, sessargs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
-
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("%s\n", docs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("func (_%s *%sTransactorSession) %s(%s) (*types.Transaction, error) {\n", kind, kind, name, strings.Join(args, ","))
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("  return _%s.Contract.%s(&_%s.TransactOpts %s)\n", kind, name, kind, sessargs)
-		code += fmt.Sprintf("}\n\n")
+	// Pass the code through goimports to clean it up and double check
+	code, err := imports.Process("", buffer.Bytes(), nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("%v\n%s", err, buffer)
 	}
-	return code
+	return string(code), nil
 }
 
 // bindType converts a Solidity type to a Go one. Since there is no clear mapping
@@ -319,102 +153,21 @@ func bindType(kind abi.Type) string {
 	}
 }
 
-// bindReturn creates the list of return parameters for a method invocation. If
-// all the fields of the return type are named, and there is more than one value
-// being returned, the returns are wrapped in a result struct.
-func bindReturn(prologue *bytes.Buffer, method string, outputs []abi.Argument) ([]string, string) {
-	// Generate the anonymous return list for when a struct is not needed/possible
-	var (
-		returns   = make([]string, 0, len(outputs)+1)
-		anonymous = false
-	)
-	for _, ret := range outputs {
-		returns = append(returns, bindType(ret.Type))
-		if ret.Name == "" {
-			anonymous = true
-		}
-	}
-	if anonymous || len(returns) < 2 {
-		returns = append(returns, "error")
-		return returns, ""
-	}
-	// If the returns are named and numerous, wrap in a result struct
-	wrapper, impl := bindReturnStruct(method, outputs)
-	prologue.WriteString(impl + "\n")
-	return []string{"*" + wrapper, "error"}, wrapper
+// capitalise makes the first character of a string upper case.
+func capitalise(input string) string {
+	return strings.ToUpper(input[:1]) + input[1:]
 }
 
-// bindReturnStruct creates a Go structure with the specified fields to be used
-// as the return type from a method call.
-func bindReturnStruct(method string, returns []abi.Argument) (string, string) {
-	fields := make([]string, 0, len(returns))
-	for _, ret := range returns {
-		fields = append(fields, fmt.Sprintf("%s %s", strings.ToUpper(ret.Name[:1])+ret.Name[1:], bindType(ret.Type)))
+// structured checks whether a method has enough information to return a proper
+// Go struct ot if flat returns are needed.
+func structured(method abi.Method) bool {
+	if len(method.Outputs) < 2 {
+		return false
 	}
-	kind := fmt.Sprintf("%sResult", method)
-	docs := fmt.Sprintf("// %s is the result of the %s invocation.", kind, method)
-
-	return kind, fmt.Sprintf("%s\ntype %s struct {\n%s\n}", docs, kind, strings.Join(fields, "\n"))
-}
-
-// bindCallBody creates the Go code to declare a batch of return values, invoke
-// an Ethereum method call with the requested parameters, parse the binary output
-// into the return values and return them.
-func bindCallBody(kind string, method string, params []string, returns []string) string {
-	body := ""
-
-	// Allocate memory for each of the return values
-	rets := make([]string, 0, len(returns)-1)
-	if len(returns) > 1 {
-		body += "var ("
-		for i, kind := range returns[:len(returns)-1] { // Omit the final error
-			name := fmt.Sprintf("ret%d", i)
-
-			rets = append(rets, name)
-			body += fmt.Sprintf("%s = new(%s)\n", name, kind)
+	for _, out := range method.Outputs {
+		if out.Name == "" {
+			return false
 		}
-		body += ")\n"
-	}
-	// Assemble a single collector variable for the result ABI initialization
-	result := strings.Join(rets, ",")
-	if len(returns) > 2 {
-		result = "[]interface{}{" + result + "}"
-	}
-	// Extract the parameter list into a flat variable name list
-	inputs := make([]string, len(params)-1) // Omit the call options
-	for i, param := range params[1:] {
-		inputs[i] = strings.Split(param, " ")[0]
-	}
-	input := ""
-	if len(inputs) > 0 {
-		input = "," + strings.Join(inputs, ",")
-	}
-	// Request executing the contract call and return the results with the errors
-	body += fmt.Sprintf("err := _%s.contract.Call(opts, %s, \"%s\" %s)\n", kind, result, method, input)
-
-	outs := make([]string, 0, len(returns))
-	for _, ret := range rets { // Handle th final error separately
-		outs = append(outs, "*"+ret)
-	}
-	outs = append(outs, "err")
-
-	body += fmt.Sprintf("return %s", strings.Join(outs, ","))
-
-	return body
-}
-
-// bindTransactionBody creates the Go code to invoke an Ethereum transaction call
-// with the requested parameters, and return the assembled transaction object.
-func bindTransactionBody(kind string, method string, params []string) string {
-	// Extract the parameter list into a flat variable name list
-	inputs := make([]string, len(params)-1) // Omit the auth options
-	for i, param := range params[1:] {
-		inputs[i] = strings.Split(param, " ")[0]
-	}
-	input := ""
-	if len(inputs) > 0 {
-		input = "," + strings.Join(inputs, ",")
 	}
-	// Request executing the contract call and return the results with the errors
-	return fmt.Sprintf("return _%s.contract.Transact(opts, \"%s\" %s)", kind, method, input)
+	return true
 }
diff --git a/accounts/abi/bind/bind_test.go b/accounts/abi/bind/bind_test.go
index a86d39db7..c6ed7a630 100644
--- a/accounts/abi/bind/bind_test.go
+++ b/accounts/abi/bind/bind_test.go
@@ -43,15 +43,17 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 		`contract NilContract {}`,
 		`606060405260068060106000396000f3606060405200`,
 		`[]`,
-		`if b, err := NewEmpty(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
-		   t.Fatalf("combined binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
-		 }
-		 if b, err := NewEmptyCaller(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
- 		   t.Fatalf("caller binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
- 		 }
-		 if b, err := NewEmptyTransactor(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
- 		   t.Fatalf("transactor binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
- 		 }`,
+		`
+			if b, err := NewEmpty(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("combined binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
+			}
+			if b, err := NewEmptyCaller(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("caller binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
+			}
+			if b, err := NewEmptyTransactor(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("transactor binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
+			}
+		`,
 	},
 	// Test that all the official sample contracts bind correctly
 	{
@@ -59,28 +61,141 @@ var bindTests = []struct {
 		`https://ethereum.org/token`,
 		`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`,
 		`[{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"name","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_from","type":"address"},{"name":"_to","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":[{"name":"success","type":"bool"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"decimals","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint8"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"balanceOf","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"symbol","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_to","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transfer","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"_spender","type":"address"},{"name":"_value","type":"uint256"},{"name":"_extraData","type":"bytes"}],"name":"approveAndCall","outputs":[{"name":"success","type":"bool"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"},{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"spentAllowance","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"},{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"allowance","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"name":"initialSupply","type":"uint256"},{"name":"tokenName","type":"string"},{"name":"decimalUnits","type":"uint8"},{"name":"tokenSymbol","type":"string"}],"type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Transfer","type":"event"}]`,
-		`if b, err := NewToken(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
-			 t.Fatalf("binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
-		 }`,
+		`
+			if b, err := NewToken(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
+			}
+		`,
 	},
 	{
 		`Crowdsale`,
 		`https://ethereum.org/crowdsale`,
 		`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`,
 		`[{"constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"checkGoalReached","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"deadline","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"beneficiary","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"tokenReward","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"fundingGoal","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"amountRaised","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"price","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"name":"funders","outputs":[{"name":"addr","type":"address"},{"name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"name":"ifSuccessfulSendTo","type":"address"},{"name":"fundingGoalInEthers","type":"uint256"},{"name":"durationInMinutes","type":"uint256"},{"name":"etherCostOfEachToken","type":"uint256"},{"name":"addressOfTokenUsedAsReward","type":"address"}],"type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"backer","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"amount","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"name":"isContribution","type":"bool"}],"name":"FundTransfer","type":"event"}]`,
-		`if b, err := NewCrowdsale(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
-			 t.Fatalf("binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
-		 }`,
+		`
+			if b, err := NewCrowdsale(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
+			}
+		`,
 	},
 	{
 		`DAO`,
 		`https://ethereum.org/dao`,
 		`606060405260405160808061145f833960e06040529051905160a05160c05160008054600160a060020a03191633179055600184815560028490556003839055600780549182018082558280158290116100b8576003028160030283600052602060002091820191016100b891906101c8565b50506060919091015160029190910155600160a060020a0381166000146100a65760008054600160a060020a031916821790555b505050506111f18061026e6000396000f35b505060408051608081018252600080825260208281018290528351908101845281815292820192909252426060820152600780549194509250811015610002579081527fa66cc928b5edb82af9bd49922954155ab7b0942694bea4ce44661d9a8736c6889050815181546020848101517401000000000000000000000000000000000000000002600160a060020a03199290921690921760a060020a60ff021916178255604083015180516001848101805460008281528690209195600293821615610100026000190190911692909204601f9081018390048201949192919091019083901061023e57805160ff19168380011785555b50610072929150610226565b5050600060028201556001015b8082111561023a578054600160a860020a031916815560018181018054600080835592600290821615610100026000190190911604601f81901061020c57506101bb565b601f0160209004906000526020600020908101906101bb91905b8082111561023a5760008155600101610226565b5090565b828001600101855582156101af579182015b828111156101af57825182600050559160200191906001019061025056606060405236156100b95760e060020a6000350463013cf08b81146100bb578063237e9492146101285780633910682114610281578063400e3949146102995780635daf08ca146102a257806369bd34361461032f5780638160f0b5146103385780638da5cb5b146103415780639644fcbd14610353578063aa02a90f146103be578063b1050da5146103c7578063bcca1fd3146104b5578063d3c0715b146104dc578063eceb29451461058d578063f2fde38b1461067b575b005b61069c6004356004805482908110156100025790600052602060002090600a02016000506005810154815460018301546003840154600485015460068601546007870154600160a060020a03959095169750929560020194919360ff828116946101009093041692919089565b60408051602060248035600481810135601f81018590048502860185019096528585526107759581359591946044949293909201918190840183828082843750949650505050505050600060006004600050848154811015610002575090527f8a35acfbc15ff81a39ae7d344fd709f28e8600b4aa8c65c6b64bfe7fe36bd19e600a8402908101547f8a35acfbc15ff81a39ae7d344fd709f28e8600b4aa8c65c6b64bfe7fe36bd19b909101904210806101e65750600481015460ff165b8061026757508060000160009054906101000a9004600160a060020a03168160010160005054846040518084600160a060020a0316606060020a0281526014018381526020018280519060200190808383829060006004602084601f0104600f02600301f15090500193505050506040518091039020816007016000505414155b8061027757506001546005820154105b1561109257610002565b61077560043560066020526000908152604090205481565b61077560055481565b61078760043560078054829081101561000257506000526003026000805160206111d18339815191528101547fa66cc928b5edb82af9bd49922954155ab7b0942694bea4ce44661d9a8736c68a820154600160a060020a0382169260a060020a90920460ff16917fa66cc928b5edb82af9bd49922954155ab7b0942694bea4ce44661d9a8736c689019084565b61077560025481565b61077560015481565b610830600054600160a060020a031681565b604080516020604435600481810135601f81018490048402850184019095528484526100b9948135946024803595939460649492939101918190840183828082843750949650505050505050600080548190600160a060020a03908116339091161461084d57610002565b61077560035481565b604080516020604435600481810135601f8101849004840285018401909552848452610775948135946024803595939460649492939101918190840183828082843750506040805160209735808a0135601f81018a90048a0283018a019093528282529698976084979196506024909101945090925082915084018382808284375094965050505050505033600160a060020a031660009081526006602052604081205481908114806104ab5750604081205460078054909190811015610002579082526003026000805160206111d1833981519152015460a060020a900460ff16155b15610ce557610002565b6100b960043560243560443560005433600160a060020a03908116911614610b1857610002565b604080516020604435600481810135601f810184900484028501840190955284845261077594813594602480359593946064949293910191819084018382808284375094965050505050505033600160a060020a031660009081526006602052604081205481908114806105835750604081205460078054909190811015610002579082526003026000805160206111d18339815191520181505460a060020a900460ff16155b15610f1d57610002565b604080516020606435600481810135601f81018490048402850184019095528484526107759481359460248035956044359560849492019190819084018382808284375094965050505050505060006000600460005086815481101561000257908252600a027f8a35acfbc15ff81a39ae7d344fd709f28e8600b4aa8c65c6b64bfe7fe36bd19b01815090508484846040518084600160a060020a0316606060020a0281526014018381526020018280519060200190808383829060006004602084601f0104600f02600301f150905001935050505060405180910390208160070160005054149150610cdc565b6100b960043560005433600160a060020a03908116911614610f0857610002565b604051808a600160a060020a031681526020018981526020018060200188815260200187815260200186815260200185815260200184815260200183815260200182810382528981815460018160011615610100020316600290048152602001915080546001816001161561010002031660029004801561075e5780601f106107335761010080835404028352916020019161075e565b820191906000526020600020905b815481529060010190602001808311610741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031916815260200191505b5091505060006040518083038185876185025a03f15050505060048101805460ff191660011761ff00191661010017905561116d565b60048101805460ff191660011761ff00191690555b60068101546005820154600483015460408051888152602081019490945283810192909252610100900460ff166060830152517fd220b7272a8b6d0d7d6bcdace67b936a8f175e6d5c1b3ee438b72256b32ab3af9181900360800190a1509291505056a66cc928b5edb82af9bd49922954155ab7b0942694bea4ce44661d9a8736c688`,
 		`[{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"name":"proposals","outputs":[{"name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"name":"amount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"description","type":"string"},{"name":"votingDeadline","type":"uint256"},{"name":"executed","type":"bool"},{"name":"proposalPassed","type":"bool"},{"name":"numberOfVotes","type":"uint256"},{"name":"currentResult","type":"int256"},{"name":"proposalHash","type":"bytes32"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"proposalNumber","type":"uint256"},{"name":"transactionBytecode","type":"bytes"}],"name":"executeProposal","outputs":[{"name":"result","type":"int256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"name":"memberId","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"numProposals","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"name":"members","outputs":[{"name":"member","type":"address"},{"name":"canVote","type":"bool"},{"name":"name","type":"string"},{"name":"memberSince","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"debatingPeriodInMinutes","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"minimumQuorum","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"owner","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"targetMember","type":"address"},{"name":"canVote","type":"bool"},{"name":"memberName","type":"string"}],"name":"changeMembership","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"majorityMargin","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"int256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"beneficiary","type":"address"},{"name":"etherAmount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"JobDescription","type":"string"},{"name":"transactionBytecode","type":"bytes"}],"name":"newProposal","outputs":[{"name":"proposalID","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"minimumQuorumForProposals","type":"uint256"},{"name":"minutesForDebate","type":"uint256"},{"name":"marginOfVotesForMajority","type":"int256"}],"name":"changeVotingRules","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"proposalNumber","type":"uint256"},{"name":"supportsProposal","type":"bool"},{"name":"justificationText","type":"string"}],"name":"vote","outputs":[{"name":"voteID","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"proposalNumber","type":"uint256"},{"name":"beneficiary","type":"address"},{"name":"etherAmount","type":"uint256"},{"name":"transactionBytecode","type":"bytes"}],"name":"checkProposalCode","outputs":[{"name":"codeChecksOut","type":"bool"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"transferOwnership","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"name":"minimumQuorumForProposals","type":"uint256"},{"name":"minutesForDebate","type":"uint256"},{"name":"marginOfVotesForMajority","type":"int256"},{"name":"congressLeader","type":"address"}],"type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"proposalID","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"amount","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"name":"description","type":"string"}],"name":"ProposalAdded","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"proposalID","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"name":"position","type":"bool"},{"indexed":false,"name":"voter","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"justification","type":"string"}],"name":"Voted","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"proposalID","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"name":"result","type":"int256"},{"indexed":false,"name":"quorum","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"name":"active","type":"bool"}],"name":"ProposalTallied","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"member","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"name":"isMember","type":"bool"}],"name":"MembershipChanged","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"name":"minimumQuorum","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"name":"debatingPeriodInMinutes","type":"uint256"},{"indexed":false,"name":"majorityMargin","type":"int256"}],"name":"ChangeOfRules","type":"event"}]`,
-		`if b, err := NewDAO(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
+		`
+			if b, err := NewDAO(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
+			}
+		`,
+	},
+	// Test that named and anonymous inputs are handled correctly
+	{
+		`InputChecker`, ``, ``,
+		`
+			[
+				{"type":"function","name":"noInput","constant":true,"inputs":[],"outputs":[]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"namedInput","constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"str","type":"string"}],"outputs":[]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"anonInput","constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"outputs":[]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"namedInputs","constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"str1","type":"string"},{"name":"str2","type":"string"}],"outputs":[]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"anonInputs","constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"},{"name":"","type":"string"}],"outputs":[]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"mixedInputs","constant":true,"inputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"},{"name":"str","type":"string"}],"outputs":[]}
+			]
+		`,
+		`if b, err := NewInputChecker(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
 			 t.Fatalf("binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
+		 } else if false { // Don't run, just compile and test types
+			 var err error
+
+			 err = b.NoInput(nil)
+			 err = b.NamedInput(nil, "")
+			 err = b.AnonInput(nil, "")
+			 err = b.NamedInputs(nil, "", "")
+			 err = b.AnonInputs(nil, "", "")
+			 err = b.MixedInputs(nil, "", "")
+
+			 fmt.Println(err)
 		 }`,
 	},
+	// Test that named and anonymous outputs are handled correctly
+	{
+		`OutputChecker`, ``, ``,
+		`
+			[
+				{"type":"function","name":"noOutput","constant":true,"inputs":[],"outputs":[]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"namedOutput","constant":true,"inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"str","type":"string"}]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"anonOutput","constant":true,"inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"namedOutputs","constant":true,"inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"str1","type":"string"},{"name":"str2","type":"string"}]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"anonOutputs","constant":true,"inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"},{"name":"","type":"string"}]},
+				{"type":"function","name":"mixedOutputs","constant":true,"inputs":[],"outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"},{"name":"str","type":"string"}]}
+			]
+		`,
+		`if b, err := NewOutputChecker(common.Address{}, backends.NewNilBackend()); b == nil || err != nil {
+			 t.Fatalf("binding (%v) nil or error (%v) not nil", b, nil)
+		 } else if false { // Don't run, just compile and test types
+			 var str1, str2 string
+			 var err error
+
+			 err              = b.NoOutput(nil)
+			 str1, err        = b.NamedOutput(nil)
+			 str1, err        = b.AnonOutput(nil)
+			 res, _          := b.NamedOutputs(nil)
+			 str1, str2, err  = b.AnonOutputs(nil)
+			 str1, str2, err  = b.MixedOutputs(nil)
+
+			 fmt.Println(str1, str2, res.Str1, res.Str2, err)
+		 }`,
+	},
+	// Test that contract interactions (deploy, transact and call) generate working code
+	{
+		`Interactor`,
+		`
+			contract Interactor {
+				string public deployString;
+				string public transactString;
+
+				function Interactor(string str) {
+				  deployString = str;
+				}
+
+				function transact(string str) {
+				  transactString = str;
+				}
+			}
+		`,
+		`6060604052604051610328380380610328833981016040528051018060006000509080519060200190828054600181600116156101000203166002900490600052602060002090601f016020900481019282601f10608d57805160ff19168380011785555b50607c9291505b8082111560ba57838155600101606b565b50505061026a806100be6000396000f35b828001600101855582156064579182015b828111156064578251826000505591602001919060010190609e565b509056606060405260e060020a60003504630d86a0e181146100315780636874e8091461008d578063d736c513146100ea575b005b610190600180546020600282841615610100026000190190921691909104601f810182900490910260809081016040526060828152929190828280156102295780601f106101fe57610100808354040283529160200191610229565b61019060008054602060026001831615610100026000190190921691909104601f810182900490910260809081016040526060828152929190828280156102295780601f106101fe57610100808354040283529160200191610229565b60206004803580820135601f81018490049093026080908101604052606084815261002f946024939192918401918190838280828437509496505050505050508060016000509080519060200190828054600181600116156101000203166002900490600052602060002090601f016020900481019282601f1061023157805160ff19168380011785555b506102619291505b808211156102665760008155830161017d565b60405180806020018281038252838181518152602001915080519060200190808383829060006004602084601f0104600f02600301f150905090810190601f1680156101f05780820380516001836020036101000a031916815260200191505b509250505060405180910390f35b820191906000526020600020905b81548152906001019060200180831161020c57829003601f168201915b505050505081565b82800160010185558215610175579182015b82811115610175578251826000505591602001919060010190610243565b505050565b509056`,
+		`[{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"transactString","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"deployString","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"string"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"name":"str","type":"string"}],"name":"transact","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"name":"str","type":"string"}],"type":"constructor"}]`,
+		`
+			// Generate a new random account and a funded simulator
+			key := crypto.NewKey(rand.Reader)
+			sim := backends.NewSimulatedBackend(core.GenesisAccount{Address: key.Address, Balance: big.NewInt(10000000000)})
+
+			// Convert the tester key to an authorized transactor for ease of use
+			auth := bind.NewKeyedTransactor(key)
+
+			// Deploy an interaction tester contract and call a transaction on it
+			_, _, interactor, err := DeployInteractor(auth, sim, "Deploy string")
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to deploy interactor contract: %v", err)
+			}
+			if _, err := interactor.Transact(auth, "Transact string"); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to transact with interactor contract: %v", err)
+			}
+			// Commit all pending transactions in the simulator and check the contract state
+			sim.Commit()
+
+			if str, err := interactor.DeployString(nil); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to retrieve deploy string: %v", err)
+			} else if str != "Deploy string" {
+				t.Fatalf("Deploy string mismatch: have '%s', want 'Deploy string'", str)
+			}
+			if str, err := interactor.TransactString(nil); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Failed to retrieve transact string: %v", err)
+			} else if str != "Transact string" {
+				t.Fatalf("Transact string mismatch: have '%s', want 'Transact string'", str)
+			}
+		`,
+	},
 }
 
 // Tests that packages generated by the binder can be successfully compiled and
@@ -110,15 +225,15 @@ func TestBindings(t *testing.T) {
 		defer os.RemoveAll(ws)
 
 		// Generate the binding and create a Go package in the workspace
-		bind, err := Bind(tt.abi, tt.bytecode, "bindtest", tt.name)
+		bind, err := Bind([]string{tt.name}, []string{tt.abi}, []string{tt.bytecode}, "bindtest")
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("test %d: failed to generate binding: %v", i, err)
 		}
 		pkg := filepath.Join(ws, "bindtest")
-		if err := os.MkdirAll(pkg, 0700); err != nil {
+		if err = os.MkdirAll(pkg, 0700); err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("test %d: failed to create package: %v", i, err)
 		}
-		if err := ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(pkg, "main.go"), []byte(bind), 0600); err != nil {
+		if err = ioutil.WriteFile(filepath.Join(pkg, "main.go"), []byte(bind), 0600); err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("test %d: failed to write binding: %v", i, err)
 		}
 		// Generate the test file with the injected test code
@@ -134,7 +249,7 @@ func TestBindings(t *testing.T) {
 		cmd := exec.Command(gocmd, "test", "-v")
 		cmd.Dir = pkg
 		if out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("test %d: failed to run binding test: %v\n%s", i, err, out)
+			t.Fatalf("test %d: failed to run binding test: %v\n%s\n%s", i, err, out, bind)
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/accounts/abi/bind/template.go b/accounts/abi/bind/template.go
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5e160d203
--- /dev/null
+++ b/accounts/abi/bind/template.go
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package bind
+
+import "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/abi"
+
+// tmplData is the data structure required to fill the binding template.
+type tmplData struct {
+	Package   string                   // Name of the package to place the generated file in
+	Contracts map[string]*tmplContract // List of contracts to generate into this file
+}
+
+// tmplContract contains the data needed to generate an individual contract binding.
+type tmplContract struct {
+	Type        string                 // Type name of the main contract binding
+	InputABI    string                 // JSON ABI used as the input to generate the binding from
+	InputBin    string                 // Optional EVM bytecode used to denetare deploy code from
+	Constructor abi.Method             // Contract constructor for deploy parametrization
+	Calls       map[string]*tmplMethod // Contract calls that only read state data
+	Transacts   map[string]*tmplMethod // Contract calls that write state data
+}
+
+// tmplMethod is a wrapper around an abi.Method that contains a few preprocessed
+// and cached data fields.
+type tmplMethod struct {
+	Original   abi.Method // Original method as parsed by the abi package
+	Normalized abi.Method // Normalized version of the parsed method (capitalized names, non-anonymous args/returns)
+	Structured bool       // Whether the returns should be accumulated into a contract
+}
+
+// tmplSource is the Go source template use to generate the contract binding
+// based on.
+const tmplSource = `
+// This file is an automatically generated Go binding. Do not modify as any
+// change will likely be lost upon the next re-generation!
+
+package {{.Package}}
+
+{{range $contract := .Contracts}}
+	// {{.Type}}ABI is the input ABI used to generate the binding from.
+	const {{.Type}}ABI = ` + "`" + `{{.InputABI}}` + "`" + `
+
+	{{if .InputBin}}
+		// {{.Type}}Bin is the compiled bytecode used for deploying new contracts.
+		const {{.Type}}Bin = ` + "`" + `{{.InputBin}}` + "`" + `
+
+		// Deploy{{.Type}} deploys a new Ethereum contract, binding an instance of {{.Type}} to it.
+		func Deploy{{.Type}}(auth *bind.TransactOpts, backend bind.ContractBackend {{range .Constructor.Inputs}}, {{.Name}} {{bindtype .Type}}{{end}}) (common.Address, *types.Transaction, *{{.Type}}, error) {
+		  parsed, err := abi.JSON(strings.NewReader({{.Type}}ABI))
+		  if err != nil {
+		    return common.Address{}, nil, nil, err
+		  }
+		  address, tx, contract, err := bind.DeployContract(auth, parsed, common.FromHex({{.Type}}Bin), backend {{range .Constructor.Inputs}}, {{.Name}}{{end}})
+		  if err != nil {
+		    return common.Address{}, nil, nil, err
+		  }
+		  return address, tx, &{{.Type}}{ {{.Type}}Caller: {{.Type}}Caller{contract: contract}, {{.Type}}Transactor: {{.Type}}Transactor{contract: contract} }, nil
+		}
+	{{end}}
+
+	// {{.Type}} is an auto generated Go binding around an Ethereum contract.
+	type {{.Type}} struct {
+	  {{.Type}}Caller     // Read-only binding to the contract
+	  {{.Type}}Transactor // Write-only binding to the contract
+	}
+
+	// {{.Type}}Caller is an auto generated read-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract.
+	type {{.Type}}Caller struct {
+	  contract *bind.BoundContract // Generic contract wrapper for the low level calls
+	}
+
+	// {{.Type}}Transactor is an auto generated write-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract.
+	type {{.Type}}Transactor struct {
+	  contract *bind.BoundContract // Generic contract wrapper for the low level calls
+	}
+
+	// {{.Type}}Session is an auto generated Go binding around an Ethereum contract,
+	// with pre-set call and transact options.
+	type {{.Type}}Session struct {
+	  Contract     *{{.Type}}        // Generic contract binding to set the session for
+	  CallOpts     bind.CallOpts     // Call options to use throughout this session
+	  TransactOpts bind.TransactOpts // Transaction auth options to use throughout this session
+	}
+
+	// {{.Type}}CallerSession is an auto generated read-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract,
+	// with pre-set call options.
+	type {{.Type}}CallerSession struct {
+	  Contract *{{.Type}}Caller // Generic contract caller binding to set the session for
+	  CallOpts bind.CallOpts    // Call options to use throughout this session
+	}
+
+	// {{.Type}}TransactorSession is an auto generated write-only Go binding around an Ethereum contract,
+	// with pre-set transact options.
+	type {{.Type}}TransactorSession struct {
+	  Contract     *{{.Type}}Transactor // Generic contract transactor binding to set the session for
+	  TransactOpts bind.TransactOpts    // Transaction auth options to use throughout this session
+	}
+
+	// New{{.Type}} creates a new instance of {{.Type}}, bound to a specific deployed contract.
+	func New{{.Type}}(address common.Address, backend bind.ContractBackend) (*{{.Type}}, error) {
+	  contract, err := bind{{.Type}}(address, backend.(bind.ContractCaller), backend.(bind.ContractTransactor))
+	  if err != nil {
+	    return nil, err
+	  }
+	  return &{{.Type}}{ {{.Type}}Caller: {{.Type}}Caller{contract: contract}, {{.Type}}Transactor: {{.Type}}Transactor{contract: contract} }, nil
+	}
+
+	// New{{.Type}}Caller creates a new read-only instance of {{.Type}}, bound to a specific deployed contract.
+	func New{{.Type}}Caller(address common.Address, caller bind.ContractCaller) (*{{.Type}}Caller, error) {
+	  contract, err := bind{{.Type}}(address, caller, nil)
+	  if err != nil {
+	    return nil, err
+	  }
+	  return &{{.Type}}Caller{contract: contract}, nil
+	}
+
+	// New{{.Type}}Transactor creates a new write-only instance of {{.Type}}, bound to a specific deployed contract.
+	func New{{.Type}}Transactor(address common.Address, transactor bind.ContractTransactor) (*{{.Type}}Transactor, error) {
+	  contract, err := bind{{.Type}}(address, nil, transactor)
+	  if err != nil {
+	    return nil, err
+	  }
+	  return &{{.Type}}Transactor{contract: contract}, nil
+	}
+
+	// bind{{.Type}} binds a generic wrapper to an already deployed contract.
+	func bind{{.Type}}(address common.Address, caller bind.ContractCaller, transactor bind.ContractTransactor) (*bind.BoundContract, error) {
+	  parsed, err := abi.JSON(strings.NewReader({{.Type}}ABI))
+	  if err != nil {
+	    return nil, err
+	  }
+	  return bind.NewBoundContract(address, parsed, caller, transactor), nil
+	}
+
+	{{range .Calls}}
+		{{if .Structured}}
+			// {{.Normalized.Name}}Result is the result of the {{.Normalized.Name}} invocation."
+			type {{.Normalized.Name}}Result struct {
+					{{range .Normalized.Outputs}}{{.Name}} {{bindtype .Type}}
+					{{end}}
+			}
+		{{end}}
+
+		// {{.Normalized.Name}} is a free data retrieval call binding the contract method 0x{{printf "%x" .Original.Id}}.
+		//
+		// Solidity: {{.Original.String}}
+		func (_{{$contract.Type}} *{{$contract.Type}}Caller) {{.Normalized.Name}}(opts *bind.CallOpts {{range .Normalized.Inputs}}, {{.Name}} {{bindtype .Type}} {{end}}) ({{if .Structured}}*{{.Normalized.Name}}Result,{{else}}{{range .Normalized.Outputs}}{{bindtype .Type}},{{end}}{{end}} error) {
+			var (
+				{{if .Structured}}ret = new(*{{.Normalized.Name}}Result){{else}}{{range $i, $_ := .Normalized.Outputs}}ret{{$i}} = new({{bindtype .Type}})
+				{{end}}{{end}}
+			)
+			out := {{if .Structured}}ret{{else}}{{if eq (len .Normalized.Outputs) 1}}ret0{{else}}[]interface{}{
+				{{range $i, $_ := .Normalized.Outputs}}ret{{$i}},
+				{{end}}
+			}{{end}}{{end}}
+			err := _{{$contract.Type}}.contract.Call(opts, out, "{{.Original.Name}}" {{range .Normalized.Inputs}}, {{.Name}}{{end}})
+			return {{if .Structured}}*ret,{{else}}{{range $i, $_ := .Normalized.Outputs}}*ret{{$i}},{{end}}{{end}} err
+		}
+
+		// {{.Normalized.Name}} is a free data retrieval call binding the contract method 0x{{printf "%x" .Original.Id}}.
+		//
+		// Solidity: {{.Original.String}}
+		func (_{{$contract.Type}} *{{$contract.Type}}Session) {{.Normalized.Name}}({{range $i, $_ := .Normalized.Inputs}}{{if ne $i 0}},{{end}} {{.Name}} {{bindtype .Type}} {{end}}) ({{if .Structured}}*{{.Normalized.Name}}Result, {{else}} {{range .Normalized.Outputs}}{{bindtype .Type}},{{end}} {{end}} error) {
+		  return _{{$contract.Type}}.Contract.{{.Normalized.Name}}(&_{{$contract.Type}}.CallOpts {{range .Normalized.Inputs}}, {{.Name}}{{end}})
+		}
+
+		// {{.Normalized.Name}} is a free data retrieval call binding the contract method 0x{{printf "%x" .Original.Id}}.
+		//
+		// Solidity: {{.Original.String}}
+		func (_{{$contract.Type}} *{{$contract.Type}}CallerSession) {{.Normalized.Name}}({{range $i, $_ := .Normalized.Inputs}}{{if ne $i 0}},{{end}} {{.Name}} {{bindtype .Type}} {{end}}) ({{if .Structured}}*{{.Normalized.Name}}Result, {{else}} {{range .Normalized.Outputs}}{{bindtype .Type}},{{end}} {{end}} error) {
+		  return _{{$contract.Type}}.Contract.{{.Normalized.Name}}(&_{{$contract.Type}}.CallOpts {{range .Normalized.Inputs}}, {{.Name}}{{end}})
+		}
+	{{end}}
+
+	{{range .Transacts}}
+		// {{.Normalized.Name}} is a paid mutator transaction binding the contract method 0x{{printf "%x" .Original.Id}}.
+		//
+		// Solidity: {{.Original.String}}
+		func (_{{$contract.Type}} *{{$contract.Type}}Transactor) {{.Normalized.Name}}(opts *bind.TransactOpts {{range .Normalized.Inputs}}, {{.Name}} {{bindtype .Type}} {{end}}) (*types.Transaction, error) {
+			return _{{$contract.Type}}.contract.Transact(opts, "{{.Original.Name}}" {{range .Normalized.Inputs}}, {{.Name}}{{end}})
+		}
+
+		// {{.Normalized.Name}} is a paid mutator transaction binding the contract method 0x{{printf "%x" .Original.Id}}.
+		//
+		// Solidity: {{.Original.String}}
+		func (_{{$contract.Type}} *{{$contract.Type}}Session) {{.Normalized.Name}}({{range $i, $_ := .Normalized.Inputs}}{{if ne $i 0}},{{end}} {{.Name}} {{bindtype .Type}} {{end}}) (*types.Transaction, error) {
+		  return _{{$contract.Type}}.Contract.{{.Normalized.Name}}(&_{{$contract.Type}}.TransactOpts {{range $i, $_ := .Normalized.Inputs}}, {{.Name}}{{end}})
+		}
+
+		// {{.Normalized.Name}} is a paid mutator transaction binding the contract method 0x{{printf "%x" .Original.Id}}.
+		//
+		// Solidity: {{.Original.String}}
+		func (_{{$contract.Type}} *{{$contract.Type}}TransactorSession) {{.Normalized.Name}}({{range $i, $_ := .Normalized.Inputs}}{{if ne $i 0}},{{end}} {{.Name}} {{bindtype .Type}} {{end}}) (*types.Transaction, error) {
+		  return _{{$contract.Type}}.Contract.{{.Normalized.Name}}(&_{{$contract.Type}}.TransactOpts {{range $i, $_ := .Normalized.Inputs}}, {{.Name}}{{end}})
+		}
+	{{end}}
+{{end}}
+`