path: root/whisper/message.go

// Contains the Whisper protocol Message element. For formal details please see
// the specs at https://github.com/ethereum/wiki/wiki/Whisper-PoC-1-Protocol-Spec#messages.

package whisper

import (
    "crypto/ecdsa"
    "math/rand"
    "time"

    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger/glog"
)

// Message represents an end-user data packet to transmit through the Whisper
// protocol. These are wrapped into Envelopes that need not be understood by
// intermediate nodes, just forwarded.
type Message struct {
    Flags     byte // First bit is signature presence, rest reserved and should be random
    Signature []byte
    Payload   []byte

    Sent time.Time     // Time when the message was posted into the network
    TTL  time.Duration // Maximum time to live allowed for the message

    To   *ecdsa.PublicKey // Message recipient (identity used to decode the message)
    Hash common.Hash      // Message envelope hash to act as a unique id
}

// Options specifies the exact way a message should be wrapped into an Envelope.
type Options struct {
    From   *ecdsa.PrivateKey
    To     *ecdsa.PublicKey
    TTL    time.Duration
    Topics []Topic
}

// NewMessage creates and initializes a non-signed, non-encrypted Whisper message.
func NewMessage(payload []byte) *Message {
    // Construct an initial flag set: no signature, rest random
    flags := byte(rand.Intn(256))
    flags &= ^signatureFlag

    // Assemble and return the message
    return &Message{
        Flags:   flags,
        Payload: payload,
        Sent:    time.Now(),
    }
}

// Wrap bundles the message into an Envelope to transmit over the network.
//
// pow (Proof Of Work) controls how much time to spend on hashing the message,
// inherently controlling its priority through the network (smaller hash, bigger
// priority).
//
// The user can control the amount of identity, privacy and encryption through
// the options parameter as follows:
//   - options.From == nil && options.To == nil: anonymous broadcast
//   - options.From != nil && options.To == nil: signed broadcast (known sender)
//   - options.From == nil && options.To != nil: encrypted anonymous message
//   - options.From != nil && options.To != nil: encrypted signed message
func (self *Message) Wrap(pow time.Duration, options Options) (*Envelope, error) {
    // Use the default TTL if non was specified
    if options.TTL == 0 {
        options.TTL = DefaultTTL
    }
    self.TTL = options.TTL

    // Sign and encrypt the message if requested
    if options.From != nil {
        if err := self.sign(options.From); err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }
    }
    if options.To != nil {
        if err := self.encrypt(options.To); err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }
    }
    // Wrap the processed message, seal it and return
    envelope := NewEnvelope(options.TTL, options.Topics, self)
    envelope.Seal(pow)

    return envelope, nil
}

// sign calculates and sets the cryptographic signature for the message , also
// setting the sign flag.
func (self *Message) sign(key *ecdsa.PrivateKey) (err error) {
    self.Flags |= signatureFlag
    self.Signature, err = crypto.Sign(self.hash(), key)
    return
}

// Recover retrieves the public key of the message signer.
func (self *Message) Recover() *ecdsa.PublicKey {
    defer func() { recover() }() // in case of invalid signature

    // Short circuit if no signature is present
    if self.Signature == nil {
        return nil
    }
    // Otherwise try and recover the signature
    pub, err := crypto.SigToPub(self.hash(), self.Signature)
    if err != nil {
        glog.V(logger.Error).Infof("Could not get public key from signature: %v", err)
        return nil
    }
    return pub
}

// encrypt encrypts a message payload with a public key.
func (self *Message) encrypt(key *ecdsa.PublicKey) (err error) {
    self.Payload, err = crypto.Encrypt(key, self.Payload)
    return
}

// decrypt decrypts an encrypted payload with a private key.
func (self *Message) decrypt(key *ecdsa.PrivateKey) error {
    cleartext, err := crypto.Decrypt(key, self.Payload)
    if err == nil {
        self.Payload = cleartext
    }
    return err
}

// hash calculates the SHA3 checksum of the message flags and payload.
func (self *Message) hash() []byte {
    return crypto.Sha3(append([]byte{self.Flags}, self.Payload...))
}

// bytes flattens the message contents (flags, signature and payload) into a
// single binary blob.
func (self *Message) bytes() []byte {
    return append([]byte{self.Flags}, append(self.Signature, self.Payload...)...)
}