// +build windows
/*
Package wmi provides a WQL interface for WMI on Windows.
Example code to print names of running processes:
type Win32_Process struct {
Name string
}
func main() {
var dst []Win32_Process
q := wmi.CreateQuery(&dst, "")
err := wmi.Query(q, &dst)
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
for i, v := range dst {
println(i, v.Name)
}
}
*/
package wmi
import (
"bytes"
"errors"
"fmt"
"log"
"os"
"reflect"
"runtime"
"strconv"
"strings"
"sync"
"time"
"github.com/go-ole/go-ole"
"github.com/go-ole/go-ole/oleutil"
)
var l = log.New(os.Stdout, "", log.LstdFlags)
var (
ErrInvalidEntityType = errors.New("wmi: invalid entity type")
// ErrNilCreateObject is the error returned if CreateObject returns nil even
// if the error was nil.
ErrNilCreateObject = errors.New("wmi: create object returned nil")
lock sync.Mutex
)
// S_FALSE is returned by CoInitializeEx if it was already called on this thread.
const S_FALSE = 0x00000001
// QueryNamespace invokes Query with the given namespace on the local machine.
func QueryNamespace(query string, dst interface{}, namespace string) error {
return Query(query, dst, nil, namespace)
}
// Query runs the WQL query and appends the values to dst.
//
// dst must have type *[]S or *[]*S, for some struct type S. Fields selected in
// the query must have the same name in dst. Supported types are all signed and
// unsigned integers, time.Time, string, bool, or a pointer to one of those.
// Array types are not supported.
//
// By default, the local machine and default namespace are used. These can be
// changed using connectServerArgs. See
// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa393720.aspx for details.
//
// Query is a wrapper around DefaultClient.Query.
func Query(query string, dst interface{}, connectServerArgs ...interface{}) error {
if DefaultClient.SWbemServicesClient == nil {
return DefaultClient.Query(query, dst, connectServerArgs...)
}
return DefaultClient.SWbemServicesClient.Query(query, dst, connectServerArgs...)
}
// A Client is an WMI query client.
//
// Its zero value (DefaultClient) is a usable client.
type Client struct {
// NonePtrZero specifies if nil values for fields which aren't pointers
// should be returned as the field types zero value.
//
// Setting this to true allows stucts without pointer fields to be used
// without the risk failure should a nil value returned from WMI.
NonePtrZero bool
// PtrNil specifies if nil values for pointer fields should be returned
// as nil.
//
// Setting this to true will set pointer fields to nil where WMI
// returned nil, otherwise the types zero value will be returned.
PtrNil bool
// AllowMissingFields specifies that struct fields not present in the
// query result should not result in an error.
//
// Setting this to true allows custom queries to be used with full
// struct definitions instead of having to define multiple structs.
AllowMissingFields bool
// SWbemServiceClient is an optional SWbemServices object that can be
// initialized and then reused across multiple queries. If it is null
// then the method will initialize a new temporary client each time.
SWbemServicesClient *SWbemServices
}
// DefaultClient is the default Client and is used by Query, QueryNamespace
var DefaultClient = &Client{}
// Query runs the WQL query and appends the values to dst.
//
// dst must have type *[]S or *[]*S, for some struct type S. Fields selected in
// the query must have the same name in dst. Supported types are all signed and
// unsigned integers, time.Time, string, bool, or a pointer to one of those.
// Array types are not supported.
//
// By default, the local machine and default namespace are used. These can be
// changed using connectServerArgs. See
// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa393720.aspx for details.
func (c *Client) Query(query string, dst interface{}, connectServerArgs ...interface{}) error {
dv := reflect.ValueOf(dst)
if dv.Kind() != reflect.Ptr || dv.IsNil() {
return ErrInvalidEntityType
}
dv = dv.Elem()
mat, elemType := checkMultiArg(dv)
if mat == multiArgTypeInvalid {
return ErrInvalidEntityType
}
lock.Lock()
defer lock.Unlock()
runtime.LockOSThread()
defer runtime.UnlockOSThread()
err := ole.CoInitializeEx(0, ole.COINIT_MULTITHREADED)
if err != nil {
oleCode := err.(*ole.OleError).Code()
if oleCode != ole.S_OK && oleCode != S_FALSE {
return err
}
}
defer ole.CoUninitialize()
unknown, err := oleutil.CreateObject("WbemScripting.SWbemLocator")
if err != nil {
return err
} else if unknown == nil {
return ErrNilCreateObject
}
defer unknown.Release()
wmi, err := unknown.QueryInterface(ole.IID_IDispatch)
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer wmi.Release()
// service is a SWbemServices
serviceRaw, err := oleutil.CallMethod(wmi, "ConnectServer", connectServerArgs...)
if err != nil {
return err
}
service := serviceRaw.ToIDispatch()
defer serviceRaw.Clear()
// result is a SWBemObjectSet
resultRaw, err := oleutil.CallMethod(service, "ExecQuery", query)
if err != nil {
return err
}
result := resultRaw.ToIDispatch()
defer resultRaw.Clear()
count, err := oleInt64(result, "Count")
if err != nil {
return err
}
enumProperty, err := result.GetProperty("_NewEnum")
if err != nil {
return err
}
defer enumProperty.Clear()
enum, err := enumProperty.ToIUnknown().IEnumVARIANT(ole.IID_IEnumVariant)
if err != nil {
return err
}
if enum == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("can't get IEnumVARIANT, enum is nil")
}
defer enum.Release()
// Initialize a slice with Count capacity
dv.Set(reflect.MakeSlice(dv.Type(), 0, int(count)))
var errFieldMismatch error
for itemRaw, length, err := enum.Next(1); length > 0; itemRaw, length, err = enum.Next(1) {
if err != nil {
return err
}
err := func() error {
// item is a SWbemObject, but really a Win32_Process
item := itemRaw.ToIDispatch()
defer item.Release()
ev := reflect.New(elemType)
if err = c.loadEntity(ev.Interface(), item); err != nil {
if _, ok := err.(*ErrFieldMismatch); ok {
// We continue loading entities even in the face of field mismatch errors.
// If we encounter any other error, that other error is returned. Otherwise,
// an ErrFieldMismatch is returned.
errFieldMismatch = err
} else {
return err
}
}
if mat != multiArgTypeStructPtr {
ev = ev.Elem()
}
dv.Set(reflect.Append(dv, ev))
return nil
}()
if err != nil {
return err
}
}
return errFieldMismatch
}
// ErrFieldMismatch is returned when a field is to be loaded into a different
// type than the one it was stored from, or when a field is missing or
// unexported in the destination struct.
// StructType is the type of the struct pointed to by the destination argument.
type ErrFieldMismatch struct {
StructType reflect.Type
FieldName string
Reason string
}
func (e *ErrFieldMismatch) Error() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("wmi: cannot load field %q into a %q: %s",
e.FieldName, e.StructType, e.Reason)
}
var timeType = reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{})
// loadEntity loads a SWbemObject into a struct pointer.
func (c *Client) loadEntity(dst interface{}, src *ole.IDispatch) (errFieldMismatch error) {
v := reflect.ValueOf(dst).Elem()
for i := 0; i < v.NumField(); i++ {
f := v.Field(i)
of := f
isPtr := f.Kind() == reflect.Ptr
if isPtr {
ptr := reflect.New(f.Type().Elem())
f.Set(ptr)
f = f.Elem()
}
n := v.Type().Field(i).Name
if !f.CanSet() {
return &ErrFieldMismatch{
StructType: of.Type(),
FieldName: n,
Reason: "CanSet() is false",
}
}
prop, err := oleutil.GetProperty(src, n)
if err != nil {
if !c.AllowMissingFields {
errFieldMismatch = &ErrFieldMismatch{
StructType: of.Type(),
FieldName: n,
Reason: "no such struct field",
}
}
continue
}
defer prop.Clear()
switch val := prop.Value().(type) {
case int8, int16, int32, int64, int:
v := reflect.ValueOf(val).Int()
switch f.Kind() {
case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
f.SetInt(v)
case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
f.SetUint(uint64(v))
default:
return &ErrFieldMismatch{
StructType: of.Type(),
FieldName: n,
Reason: "not an integer class",
}
}
case uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64:
v := reflect.ValueOf(val).Uint()
switch f.Kind() {
case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
f.SetInt(int64(v))
case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
f.SetUint(v)
default:
return &ErrFieldMismatch{
StructType: of.Type(),
FieldName: n,
Reason: "not an integer class",
}
}
case string:
switch f.Kind() {
case reflect.String:
f.SetString(val)
case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
iv, err := strconv.ParseInt(val, 10, 64)
if err != nil {
return err
}
f.SetInt(iv)
case reflect.Uint, reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64:
uv, err := strconv.ParseUint(val, 10, 64)
if err != nil {
return err
}
f.SetUint(uv)
case reflect.Struct:
switch f.Type() {
case timeType:
if len(val) == 25 {
mins, err := strconv.Atoi(val[22:])
if err != nil {
return err
}
val = val[:22] + fmt.Sprintf("%02d%02d", mins/60, mins%60)
}
t, err := time.Parse("20060102150405.000000-0700", val)
if err != nil {
return err
}
f.Set(reflect.ValueOf(t))
}
}
case bool:
switch f.Kind() {
case reflect.Bool:
f.SetBool(val)
default:
return &ErrFieldMismatch{
StructType: of.Type(),
FieldName: n,
Reason: "not a bool",
}
}
case float32:
switch f.Kind() {
case reflect.Float32:
f.SetFloat(float64(val))
default:
return &ErrFieldMismatch{
StructType: of.Type(),
FieldName: n,
Reason: "not a Float32",
}
}
default:
if f.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
switch f.Type().Elem().Kind() {
case reflect.String:
safeArray := prop.ToArray()
if safeArray != nil {
arr := safeArray.ToValueArray()
fArr := reflect.MakeSlice(f.Type(), len(arr), len(arr))
for i, v := range arr {
s := fArr.Index(i)
s.SetString(v.(string))
}
f.Set(fArr)
}
case reflect.Uint8:
safeArray := prop.ToArray()
if safeArray != nil {
arr := safeArray.ToValueArray()
fArr := reflect.MakeSlice(f.Type(), len(arr), len(arr))
for i, v := range arr {
s := fArr.Index(i)
s.SetUint(reflect.ValueOf(v).Uint())
}
f.Set(fArr)
}
default:
return &ErrFieldMismatch{
StructType: of.Type(),
FieldName: n,
Reason: fmt.Sprintf("unsupported slice type (%T)", val),
}
}
} else {
typeof := reflect.TypeOf(val)
if typeof == nil && (isPtr || c.NonePtrZero) {
if (isPtr && c.PtrNil) || (!isPtr && c.NonePtrZero) {
of.Set(reflect.Zero(of.Type()))
}
break
}
return &ErrFieldMismatch{
StructType: of.Type(),
FieldName: n,
Reason: fmt.Sprintf("unsupported type (%T)", val),
}
}
}
}
return errFieldMismatch
}
type multiArgType int
const (
multiArgTypeInvalid multiArgType = iota
multiArgTypeStruct
multiArgTypeStructPtr
)
// checkMultiArg checks that v has type []S, []*S for some struct type S.
//
// It returns what category the slice's elements are, and the reflect.Type
// that represents S.
func checkMultiArg(v reflect.Value) (m multiArgType, elemType reflect.Type) {
if v.Kind() != reflect.Slice {
return multiArgTypeInvalid, nil
}
elemType = v.Type().Elem()
switch elemType.Kind() {
case reflect.Struct:
return multiArgTypeStruct, elemType
case reflect.Ptr:
elemType = elemType.Elem()
if elemType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
return multiArgTypeStructPtr, elemType
}
}
return multiArgTypeInvalid, nil
}
func oleInt64(item *ole.IDispatch, prop string) (int64, error) {
v, err := oleutil.GetProperty(item, prop)
if err != nil {
return 0, err
}
defer v.Clear()
i := int64(v.Val)
return i, nil
}
// CreateQuery returns a WQL query string that queries all columns of src. where
// is an optional string that is appended to the query, to be used with WHERE
// clauses. In such a case, the "WHERE" string should appear at the beginning.
func CreateQuery(src interface{}, where string) string {
var b bytes.Buffer
b.WriteString("SELECT ")
s := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(src))
t := s.Type()
if s.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
t = t.Elem()
}
if t.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
return ""
}
var fields []string
for i := 0; i < t.NumField(); i++ {
fields = append(fields, t.Field(i).Name)
}
b.WriteString(strings.Join(fields, ", "))
b.WriteString(" FROM ")
b.WriteString(t.Name())
b.WriteString(" " + where)
return b.String()
}
