// Copyright 2019 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package trie
import (
"encoding/binary"
"fmt"
"math"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
"github.com/steakknife/bloomfilter"
)
var (
bloomAddMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("trie/bloom/add", nil)
bloomLoadMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("trie/bloom/load", nil)
bloomTestMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("trie/bloom/test", nil)
bloomMissMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("trie/bloom/miss", nil)
bloomFaultMeter = metrics.NewRegisteredMeter("trie/bloom/fault", nil)
bloomErrorGauge = metrics.NewRegisteredGauge("trie/bloom/error", nil)
)
// syncBloomHasher is a wrapper around a byte blob to satisfy the interface API
// requirements of the bloom library used. It's used to convert a trie hash into
// a 64 bit mini hash.
type syncBloomHasher []byte
func (f syncBloomHasher) Write(p []byte) (n int, err error) { panic("not implemented") }
func (f syncBloomHasher) Sum(b []byte) []byte { panic("not implemented") }
func (f syncBloomHasher) Reset() { panic("not implemented") }
func (f syncBloomHasher) BlockSize() int { panic("not implemented") }
func (f syncBloomHasher) Size() int { return 8 }
func (f syncBloomHasher) Sum64() uint64 { return binary.BigEndian.Uint64(f) }
// SyncBloom is a bloom filter used during fast sync to quickly decide if a trie
// node already exists on disk or not. It self populates from the provided disk
// database on creation in a background thread and will only start returning live
// results once that's finished.
type SyncBloom struct {
bloom *bloomfilter.Filter
inited uint32
closer sync.Once
closed uint32
pend sync.WaitGroup
}
// NewSyncBloom creates a new bloom filter of the given size (in megabytes) and
// initializes it from the database. The bloom is hard coded to use 3 filters.
func NewSyncBloom(memory uint64, database ethdb.Iteratee) *SyncBloom {
// Create the bloom filter to track known trie nodes
bloom, err := bloomfilter.New(memory*1024*1024*8, 3)
if err != nil {
panic(fmt.Sprintf("failed to create bloom: %v", err)) // Can't happen, here for sanity
}
log.Info("Allocated fast sync bloom", "size", common.StorageSize(memory*1024*1024))
// Assemble the fast sync bloom and init it from previous sessions
b := &SyncBloom{
bloom: bloom,
}
b.pend.Add(2)
go func() {
defer b.pend.Done()
b.init(database)
}()
go func() {
defer b.pend.Done()
b.meter()
}()
return b
}
// init iterates over the database, pushing every trie hash into the bloom filter.
func (b *SyncBloom) init(database ethdb.Iteratee) {
// Iterate over the database, but restart every now and again to avoid holding
// a persistent snapshot since fast sync can push a ton of data concurrently,
// bloating the disk.
//
// Note, this is fine, because everything inserted into leveldb by fast sync is
// also pushed into the bloom directly, so we're not missing anything when the
// iterator is swapped out for a new one.
it := database.NewIterator()
var (
start = time.Now()
swap = time.Now()
)
for it.Next() && atomic.LoadUint32(&b.closed) == 0 {
// If the database entry is a trie node, add it to the bloom
if key := it.Key(); len(key) == common.HashLength {
b.bloom.Add(syncBloomHasher(key))
bloomLoadMeter.Mark(1)
}
// If enough time elapsed since the last iterator swap, restart
if time.Since(swap) > 8*time.Second {
key := common.CopyBytes(it.Key())
it.Release()
it = database.NewIteratorWithStart(key)
log.Info("Initializing fast sync bloom", "items", b.bloom.N(), "errorrate", b.errorRate(), "elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(start)))
swap = time.Now()
}
}
it.Release()
// Mark the bloom filter inited and return
log.Info("Initialized fast sync bloom", "items", b.bloom.N(), "errorrate", b.errorRate(), "elapsed", common.PrettyDuration(time.Since(start)))
atomic.StoreUint32(&b.inited, 1)
}
// meter periodically recalculates the false positive error rate of the bloom
// filter and reports it in a metric.
func (b *SyncBloom) meter() {
for {
// Report the current error ration. No floats, lame, scale it up.
bloomErrorGauge.Update(int64(b.errorRate() * 100000))
// Wait one second, but check termination more frequently
for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
if atomic.LoadUint32(&b.closed) == 1 {
return
}
time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond)
}
}
}
// Close terminates any background initializer still running and releases all the
// memory allocated for the bloom.
func (b *SyncBloom) Close() error {
b.closer.Do(func() {
// Ensure the initializer is stopped
atomic.StoreUint32(&b.closed, 1)
b.pend.Wait()
// Wipe the bloom, but mark it "uninited" just in case someone attempts an access
log.Info("Deallocated fast sync bloom", "items", b.bloom.N(), "errorrate", b.errorRate())
atomic.StoreUint32(&b.inited, 0)
b.bloom = nil
})
return nil
}
// Add inserts a new trie node hash into the bloom filter.
func (b *SyncBloom) Add(hash []byte) {
if atomic.LoadUint32(&b.closed) == 1 {
return
}
b.bloom.Add(syncBloomHasher(hash))
bloomAddMeter.Mark(1)
}
// Contains tests if the bloom filter contains the given hash:
// - false: the bloom definitely does not contain hash
// - true: the bloom maybe contains hash
//
// While the bloom is being initialized, any query will return true.
func (b *SyncBloom) Contains(hash []byte) bool {
bloomTestMeter.Mark(1)
if atomic.LoadUint32(&b.inited) == 0 {
// We didn't load all the trie nodes from the previous run of Geth yet. As
// such, we can't say for sure if a hash is not present for anything. Until
// the init is done, we're faking "possible presence" for everything.
return true
}
// Bloom initialized, check the real one and report any successful misses
maybe := b.bloom.Contains(syncBloomHasher(hash))
if !maybe {
bloomMissMeter.Mark(1)
}
return maybe
}
// errorRate calculates the probability of a random containment test returning a
// false positive.
//
// We're calculating it ourselves because the bloom library we used missed a
// parentheses in the formula and calculates it wrong. And it's discontinued...
func (b *SyncBloom) errorRate() float64 {
k := float64(b.bloom.K())
n := float64(b.bloom.N())
m := float64(b.bloom.M())
return math.Pow(1.0-math.Exp((-k)*(n+0.5)/(m-1)), k)
}
