path: root/swarm/api/act.go

package api

import (
    "context"
    "crypto/ecdsa"
    "crypto/rand"
    "encoding/hex"
    "encoding/json"
    "errors"
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "strings"
    "time"

    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/ecies"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/sha3"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/log"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/sctx"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/storage"
    "golang.org/x/crypto/scrypt"
    cli "gopkg.in/urfave/cli.v1"
)

var (
    ErrDecrypt                = errors.New("cant decrypt - forbidden")
    ErrUnknownAccessType      = errors.New("unknown access type (or not implemented)")
    ErrDecryptDomainForbidden = errors.New("decryption request domain forbidden - can only decrypt on localhost")
    AllowedDecryptDomains     = []string{
        "localhost",
        "127.0.0.1",
    }
)

const EMPTY_CREDENTIALS = ""

type AccessEntry struct {
    Type      AccessType
    Publisher string
    Salt      []byte
    Act       string
    KdfParams *KdfParams
}

type DecryptFunc func(*ManifestEntry) error

func (a *AccessEntry) MarshalJSON() (out []byte, err error) {

    return json.Marshal(struct {
        Type      AccessType `json:"type,omitempty"`
        Publisher string     `json:"publisher,omitempty"`
        Salt      string     `json:"salt,omitempty"`
        Act       string     `json:"act,omitempty"`
        KdfParams *KdfParams `json:"kdf_params,omitempty"`
    }{
        Type:      a.Type,
        Publisher: a.Publisher,
        Salt:      hex.EncodeToString(a.Salt),
        Act:       a.Act,
        KdfParams: a.KdfParams,
    })

}

func (a *AccessEntry) UnmarshalJSON(value []byte) error {
    v := struct {
        Type      AccessType `json:"type,omitempty"`
        Publisher string     `json:"publisher,omitempty"`
        Salt      string     `json:"salt,omitempty"`
        Act       string     `json:"act,omitempty"`
        KdfParams *KdfParams `json:"kdf_params,omitempty"`
    }{}

    err := json.Unmarshal(value, &v)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    a.Act = v.Act
    a.KdfParams = v.KdfParams
    a.Publisher = v.Publisher
    a.Salt, err = hex.DecodeString(v.Salt)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    if len(a.Salt) != 32 {
        return errors.New("salt should be 32 bytes long")
    }
    a.Type = v.Type
    return nil
}

type KdfParams struct {
    N int `json:"n"`
    P int `json:"p"`
    R int `json:"r"`
}

type AccessType string

const AccessTypePass = AccessType("pass")
const AccessTypePK = AccessType("pk")
const AccessTypeACT = AccessType("act")

// NewAccessEntryPassword creates a manifest AccessEntry in order to create an ACT protected by a password
func NewAccessEntryPassword(salt []byte, kdfParams *KdfParams) (*AccessEntry, error) {
    if len(salt) != 32 {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("salt should be 32 bytes long")
    }
    return &AccessEntry{
        Type:      AccessTypePass,
        Salt:      salt,
        KdfParams: kdfParams,
    }, nil
}

// NewAccessEntryPK creates a manifest AccessEntry in order to create an ACT protected by a pair of Elliptic Curve keys
func NewAccessEntryPK(publisher string, salt []byte) (*AccessEntry, error) {
    if len(publisher) != 66 {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("publisher should be 66 characters long, got %d", len(publisher))
    }
    if len(salt) != 32 {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("salt should be 32 bytes long")
    }
    return &AccessEntry{
        Type:      AccessTypePK,
        Publisher: publisher,
        Salt:      salt,
    }, nil
}

// NewAccessEntryACT creates a manifest AccessEntry in order to create an ACT protected by a combination of EC keys and passwords
func NewAccessEntryACT(publisher string, salt []byte, act string) (*AccessEntry, error) {
    if len(salt) != 32 {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("salt should be 32 bytes long")
    }
    if len(publisher) != 66 {
        return nil, fmt.Errorf("publisher should be 66 characters long")
    }

    return &AccessEntry{
        Type:      AccessTypeACT,
        Publisher: publisher,
        Salt:      salt,
        Act:       act,
        KdfParams: DefaultKdfParams,
    }, nil
}

// NOOPDecrypt is a generic decrypt function that is passed into the API in places where real ACT decryption capabilities are
// either unwanted, or alternatively, cannot be implemented in the immediate scope
func NOOPDecrypt(*ManifestEntry) error {
    return nil
}

var DefaultKdfParams = NewKdfParams(262144, 1, 8)

// NewKdfParams returns a KdfParams struct with the given scrypt params
func NewKdfParams(n, p, r int) *KdfParams {

    return &KdfParams{
        N: n,
        P: p,
        R: r,
    }
}

// NewSessionKeyPassword creates a session key based on a shared secret (password) and the given salt
// and kdf parameters in the access entry
func NewSessionKeyPassword(password string, accessEntry *AccessEntry) ([]byte, error) {
    if accessEntry.Type != AccessTypePass && accessEntry.Type != AccessTypeACT {
        return nil, errors.New("incorrect access entry type")

    }
    return sessionKeyPassword(password, accessEntry.Salt, accessEntry.KdfParams)
}

func sessionKeyPassword(password string, salt []byte, kdfParams *KdfParams) ([]byte, error) {
    return scrypt.Key(
        []byte(password),
        salt,
        kdfParams.N,
        kdfParams.R,
        kdfParams.P,
        32,
    )
}

// NewSessionKeyPK creates a new ACT Session Key using an ECDH shared secret for the given key pair and the given salt value
func NewSessionKeyPK(private *ecdsa.PrivateKey, public *ecdsa.PublicKey, salt []byte) ([]byte, error) {
    granteePubEcies := ecies.ImportECDSAPublic(public)
    privateKey := ecies.ImportECDSA(private)

    bytes, err := privateKey.GenerateShared(granteePubEcies, 16, 16)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    bytes = append(salt, bytes...)
    sessionKey := crypto.Keccak256(bytes)
    return sessionKey, nil
}

func (a *API) doDecrypt(ctx context.Context, credentials string, pk *ecdsa.PrivateKey) DecryptFunc {
    return func(m *ManifestEntry) error {
        if m.Access == nil {
            return nil
        }

        allowed := false
        requestDomain := sctx.GetHost(ctx)
        for _, v := range AllowedDecryptDomains {
            if strings.Contains(requestDomain, v) {
                allowed = true
            }
        }

        if !allowed {
            return ErrDecryptDomainForbidden
        }

        switch m.Access.Type {
        case "pass":
            if credentials != "" {
                key, err := NewSessionKeyPassword(credentials, m.Access)
                if err != nil {
                    return err
                }

                ref, err := hex.DecodeString(m.Hash)
                if err != nil {
                    return err
                }

                enc := NewRefEncryption(len(ref) - 8)
                decodedRef, err := enc.Decrypt(ref, key)
                if err != nil {
                    return ErrDecrypt
                }

                m.Hash = hex.EncodeToString(decodedRef)
                m.Access = nil
                return nil
            }
            return ErrDecrypt
        case "pk":
            publisherBytes, err := hex.DecodeString(m.Access.Publisher)
            if err != nil {
                return ErrDecrypt
            }
            publisher, err := crypto.DecompressPubkey(publisherBytes)
            if err != nil {
                return ErrDecrypt
            }
            key, err := NewSessionKeyPK(pk, publisher, m.Access.Salt)
            if err != nil {
                return ErrDecrypt
            }
            ref, err := hex.DecodeString(m.Hash)
            if err != nil {
                return err
            }

            enc := NewRefEncryption(len(ref) - 8)
            decodedRef, err := enc.Decrypt(ref, key)
            if err != nil {
                return ErrDecrypt
            }

            m.Hash = hex.EncodeToString(decodedRef)
            m.Access = nil
            return nil
        case "act":
            var (
                sessionKey []byte
                err        error
            )

            publisherBytes, err := hex.DecodeString(m.Access.Publisher)
            if err != nil {
                return ErrDecrypt
            }
            publisher, err := crypto.DecompressPubkey(publisherBytes)
            if err != nil {
                return ErrDecrypt
            }

            sessionKey, err = NewSessionKeyPK(pk, publisher, m.Access.Salt)
            if err != nil {
                return ErrDecrypt
            }

            found, ciphertext, decryptionKey, err := a.getACTDecryptionKey(ctx, storage.Address(common.Hex2Bytes(m.Access.Act)), sessionKey)
            if err != nil {
                return err
            }
            if !found {
                // try to fall back to password
                if credentials != "" {
                    sessionKey, err = NewSessionKeyPassword(credentials, m.Access)
                    if err != nil {
                        return err
                    }
                    found, ciphertext, decryptionKey, err = a.getACTDecryptionKey(ctx, storage.Address(common.Hex2Bytes(m.Access.Act)), sessionKey)
                    if err != nil {
                        return err
                    }
                    if !found {
                        return ErrDecrypt
                    }
                } else {
                    return ErrDecrypt
                }
            }
            enc := NewRefEncryption(len(ciphertext) - 8)
            decodedRef, err := enc.Decrypt(ciphertext, decryptionKey)
            if err != nil {
                return ErrDecrypt
            }

            ref, err := hex.DecodeString(m.Hash)
            if err != nil {
                return err
            }

            enc = NewRefEncryption(len(ref) - 8)
            decodedMainRef, err := enc.Decrypt(ref, decodedRef)
            if err != nil {
                return ErrDecrypt
            }
            m.Hash = hex.EncodeToString(decodedMainRef)
            m.Access = nil
            return nil
        }
        return ErrUnknownAccessType
    }
}

func (a *API) getACTDecryptionKey(ctx context.Context, actManifestAddress storage.Address, sessionKey []byte) (found bool, ciphertext, decryptionKey []byte, err error) {
    hasher := sha3.NewKeccak256()
    hasher.Write(append(sessionKey, 0))
    lookupKey := hasher.Sum(nil)
    hasher.Reset()

    hasher.Write(append(sessionKey, 1))
    accessKeyDecryptionKey := hasher.Sum(nil)
    hasher.Reset()

    lk := hex.EncodeToString(lookupKey)
    list, err := a.GetManifestList(ctx, NOOPDecrypt, actManifestAddress, lk)
    if err != nil {
        return false, nil, nil, err
    }
    for _, v := range list.Entries {
        if v.Path == lk {
            cipherTextBytes, err := hex.DecodeString(v.Hash)
            if err != nil {
                return false, nil, nil, err
            }
            return true, cipherTextBytes, accessKeyDecryptionKey, nil
        }
    }
    return false, nil, nil, nil
}

func GenerateAccessControlManifest(ctx *cli.Context, ref string, accessKey []byte, ae *AccessEntry) (*Manifest, error) {
    refBytes, err := hex.DecodeString(ref)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }
    // encrypt ref with accessKey
    enc := NewRefEncryption(len(refBytes))
    encrypted, err := enc.Encrypt(refBytes, accessKey)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, err
    }

    m := &Manifest{
        Entries: []ManifestEntry{
            {
                Hash:        hex.EncodeToString(encrypted),
                ContentType: ManifestType,
                ModTime:     time.Now(),
                Access:      ae,
            },
        },
    }

    return m, nil
}

// DoPK is a helper function to the CLI API that handles the entire business logic for
// creating a session key and access entry given the cli context, ec keys and salt
func DoPK(ctx *cli.Context, privateKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey, granteePublicKey string, salt []byte) (sessionKey []byte, ae *AccessEntry, err error) {
    if granteePublicKey == "" {
        return nil, nil, errors.New("need a grantee Public Key")
    }
    b, err := hex.DecodeString(granteePublicKey)
    if err != nil {
        log.Error("error decoding grantee public key", "err", err)
        return nil, nil, err
    }

    granteePub, err := crypto.DecompressPubkey(b)
    if err != nil {
        log.Error("error decompressing grantee public key", "err", err)
        return nil, nil, err
    }

    sessionKey, err = NewSessionKeyPK(privateKey, granteePub, salt)
    if err != nil {
        log.Error("error getting session key", "err", err)
        return nil, nil, err
    }

    ae, err = NewAccessEntryPK(hex.EncodeToString(crypto.CompressPubkey(&privateKey.PublicKey)), salt)
    if err != nil {
        log.Error("error generating access entry", "err", err)
        return nil, nil, err
    }

    return sessionKey, ae, nil
}

// DoACT is a helper function to the CLI API that handles the entire business logic for
// creating a access key, access entry and ACT manifest (including uploading it) given the cli context, ec keys, password grantees and salt
func DoACT(ctx *cli.Context, privateKey *ecdsa.PrivateKey, salt []byte, grantees []string, encryptPasswords []string) (accessKey []byte, ae *AccessEntry, actManifest *Manifest, err error) {
    if len(grantees) == 0 && len(encryptPasswords) == 0 {
        return nil, nil, nil, errors.New("did not get any grantee public keys or any encryption passwords")
    }

    publisherPub := hex.EncodeToString(crypto.CompressPubkey(&privateKey.PublicKey))
    grantees = append(grantees, publisherPub)

    accessKey = make([]byte, 32)
    if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, salt); err != nil {
        panic("reading from crypto/rand failed: " + err.Error())
    }
    if _, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, accessKey); err != nil {
        panic("reading from crypto/rand failed: " + err.Error())
    }

    lookupPathEncryptedAccessKeyMap := make(map[string]string)
    i := 0
    for _, v := range grantees {
        i++
        if v == "" {
            return nil, nil, nil, errors.New("need a grantee Public Key")
        }
        b, err := hex.DecodeString(v)
        if err != nil {
            log.Error("error decoding grantee public key", "err", err)
            return nil, nil, nil, err
        }

        granteePub, err := crypto.DecompressPubkey(b)
        if err != nil {
            log.Error("error decompressing grantee public key", "err", err)
            return nil, nil, nil, err
        }
        sessionKey, err := NewSessionKeyPK(privateKey, granteePub, salt)

        hasher := sha3.NewKeccak256()
        hasher.Write(append(sessionKey, 0))
        lookupKey := hasher.Sum(nil)

        hasher.Reset()
        hasher.Write(append(sessionKey, 1))

        accessKeyEncryptionKey := hasher.Sum(nil)

        enc := NewRefEncryption(len(accessKey))
        encryptedAccessKey, err := enc.Encrypt(accessKey, accessKeyEncryptionKey)
        if err != nil {
            return nil, nil, nil, err
        }
        lookupPathEncryptedAccessKeyMap[hex.EncodeToString(lookupKey)] = hex.EncodeToString(encryptedAccessKey)
    }

    for _, pass := range encryptPasswords {
        sessionKey, err := sessionKeyPassword(pass, salt, DefaultKdfParams)
        if err != nil {
            return nil, nil, nil, err
        }
        hasher := sha3.NewKeccak256()
        hasher.Write(append(sessionKey, 0))
        lookupKey := hasher.Sum(nil)

        hasher.Reset()
        hasher.Write(append(sessionKey, 1))

        accessKeyEncryptionKey := hasher.Sum(nil)

        enc := NewRefEncryption(len(accessKey))
        encryptedAccessKey, err := enc.Encrypt(accessKey, accessKeyEncryptionKey)
        if err != nil {
            return nil, nil, nil, err
        }
        lookupPathEncryptedAccessKeyMap[hex.EncodeToString(lookupKey)] = hex.EncodeToString(encryptedAccessKey)
    }

    m := &Manifest{
        Entries: []ManifestEntry{},
    }

    for k, v := range lookupPathEncryptedAccessKeyMap {
        m.Entries = append(m.Entries, ManifestEntry{
            Path:        k,
            Hash:        v,
            ContentType: "text/plain",
        })
    }

    ae, err = NewAccessEntryACT(hex.EncodeToString(crypto.CompressPubkey(&privateKey.PublicKey)), salt, "")
    if err != nil {
        return nil, nil, nil, err
    }

    return accessKey, ae, m, nil
}

// DoPassword is a helper function to the CLI API that handles the entire business logic for
// creating a session key and an access entry given the cli context, password and salt.
// By default - DefaultKdfParams are used as the scrypt params
func DoPassword(ctx *cli.Context, password string, salt []byte) (sessionKey []byte, ae *AccessEntry, err error) {
    ae, err = NewAccessEntryPassword(salt, DefaultKdfParams)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, nil, err
    }

    sessionKey, err = NewSessionKeyPassword(password, ae)
    if err != nil {
        return nil, nil, err
    }
    return sessionKey, ae, nil
}