// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package vm
import (
"fmt"
"math/big"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)
type programInstruction interface {
// executes the program instruction and allows the instruction to modify the state of the program
do(program *Program, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error)
// returns whether the program instruction halts the execution of the JIT
halts() bool
// Returns the current op code (debugging purposes)
Op() OpCode
}
type instrFn func(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack)
type instruction struct {
op OpCode
pc uint64
fn instrFn
data *big.Int
gas *big.Int
spop int
spush int
returns bool
}
func jump(mapping map[uint64]uint64, destinations map[uint64]struct{}, contract *Contract, to *big.Int) (uint64, error) {
if !validDest(destinations, to) {
nop := contract.GetOp(to.Uint64())
return 0, fmt.Errorf("invalid jump destination (%v) %v", nop, to)
}
return mapping[to.Uint64()], nil
}
func (instr instruction) do(program *Program, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) ([]byte, error) {
// calculate the new memory size and gas price for the current executing opcode
newMemSize, cost, err := jitCalculateGasAndSize(env, contract, instr, env.Db(), memory, stack)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// Use the calculated gas. When insufficient gas is present, use all gas and return an
// Out Of Gas error
if !contract.UseGas(cost) {
return nil, OutOfGasError
}
// Resize the memory calculated previously
memory.Resize(newMemSize.Uint64())
// These opcodes return an argument and are therefor handled
// differently from the rest of the opcodes
switch instr.op {
case JUMP:
if pos, err := jump(program.mapping, program.destinations, contract, stack.pop()); err != nil {
return nil, err
} else {
*pc = pos
return nil, nil
}
case JUMPI:
pos, cond := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
if cond.Cmp(common.BigTrue) >= 0 {
if pos, err := jump(program.mapping, program.destinations, contract, pos); err != nil {
return nil, err
} else {
*pc = pos
return nil, nil
}
}
case RETURN:
offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
return memory.GetPtr(offset.Int64(), size.Int64()), nil
default:
if instr.fn == nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Invalid opcode 0x%x", instr.op)
}
instr.fn(instr, pc, env, contract, memory, stack)
}
*pc++
return nil, nil
}
func (instr instruction) halts() bool {
return instr.returns
}
func (instr instruction) Op() OpCode {
return instr.op
}
func opStaticJump(instr instruction, pc *uint64, ret *big.Int, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
ret.Set(instr.data)
}
func opAdd(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
stack.push(U256(x.Add(x, y)))
}
func opSub(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
stack.push(U256(x.Sub(x, y)))
}
func opMul(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
stack.push(U256(x.Mul(x, y)))
}
func opDiv(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
if y.Cmp(common.Big0) != 0 {
stack.push(U256(x.Div(x, y)))
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opSdiv(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())
if y.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
return
} else {
n := new(big.Int)
if new(big.Int).Mul(x, y).Cmp(common.Big0) < 0 {
n.SetInt64(-1)
} else {
n.SetInt64(1)
}
res := x.Div(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y))
res.Mul(res, n)
stack.push(U256(res))
}
}
func opMod(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
if y.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
} else {
stack.push(U256(x.Mod(x, y)))
}
}
func opSmod(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())
if y.Cmp(common.Big0) == 0 {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
} else {
n := new(big.Int)
if x.Cmp(common.Big0) < 0 {
n.SetInt64(-1)
} else {
n.SetInt64(1)
}
res := x.Mod(x.Abs(x), y.Abs(y))
res.Mul(res, n)
stack.push(U256(res))
}
}
func opExp(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
base, exponent := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
stack.push(math.Exp(base, exponent))
}
func opSignExtend(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
back := stack.pop()
if back.Cmp(big.NewInt(31)) < 0 {
bit := uint(back.Uint64()*8 + 7)
num := stack.pop()
mask := back.Lsh(common.Big1, bit)
mask.Sub(mask, common.Big1)
if common.BitTest(num, int(bit)) {
num.Or(num, mask.Not(mask))
} else {
num.And(num, mask)
}
stack.push(U256(num))
}
}
func opNot(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x := stack.pop()
stack.push(U256(x.Not(x)))
}
func opLt(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
if x.Cmp(y) < 0 {
stack.push(big.NewInt(1))
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opGt(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
if x.Cmp(y) > 0 {
stack.push(big.NewInt(1))
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opSlt(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())
if x.Cmp(S256(y)) < 0 {
stack.push(big.NewInt(1))
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opSgt(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := S256(stack.pop()), S256(stack.pop())
if x.Cmp(y) > 0 {
stack.push(big.NewInt(1))
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opEq(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
if x.Cmp(y) == 0 {
stack.push(big.NewInt(1))
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opIszero(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x := stack.pop()
if x.Cmp(common.Big0) > 0 {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
} else {
stack.push(big.NewInt(1))
}
}
func opAnd(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
stack.push(x.And(x, y))
}
func opOr(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
stack.push(x.Or(x, y))
}
func opXor(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
stack.push(x.Xor(x, y))
}
func opByte(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
th, val := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
if th.Cmp(big.NewInt(32)) < 0 {
byte := big.NewInt(int64(common.LeftPadBytes(val.Bytes(), 32)[th.Int64()]))
stack.push(byte)
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opAddmod(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y, z := stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
if z.Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
add := x.Add(x, y)
add.Mod(add, z)
stack.push(U256(add))
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opMulmod(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
x, y, z := stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
if z.Cmp(Zero) > 0 {
mul := x.Mul(x, y)
mul.Mod(mul, z)
stack.push(U256(mul))
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opSha3(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
offset, size := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
hash := crypto.Keccak256(memory.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64()))
stack.push(common.BytesToBig(hash))
}
func opAddress(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(contract.Address().Bytes()))
}
func opBalance(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
addr := common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())
balance := env.Db().GetBalance(addr)
stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(balance))
}
func opOrigin(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(env.Origin().Big())
}
func opCaller(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(contract.Caller().Big())
}
func opCallValue(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(contract.value))
}
func opCalldataLoad(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(getData(contract.Input, stack.pop(), common.Big32)))
}
func opCalldataSize(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(big.NewInt(int64(len(contract.Input))))
}
func opCalldataCopy(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
var (
mOff = stack.pop()
cOff = stack.pop()
l = stack.pop()
)
memory.Set(mOff.Uint64(), l.Uint64(), getData(contract.Input, cOff, l))
}
func opExtCodeSize(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
addr := common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())
l := big.NewInt(int64(env.Db().GetCodeSize(addr)))
stack.push(l)
}
func opCodeSize(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
l := big.NewInt(int64(len(contract.Code)))
stack.push(l)
}
func opCodeCopy(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
var (
mOff = stack.pop()
cOff = stack.pop()
l = stack.pop()
)
codeCopy := getData(contract.Code, cOff, l)
memory.Set(mOff.Uint64(), l.Uint64(), codeCopy)
}
func opExtCodeCopy(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
var (
addr = common.BigToAddress(stack.pop())
mOff = stack.pop()
cOff = stack.pop()
l = stack.pop()
)
codeCopy := getData(env.Db().GetCode(addr), cOff, l)
memory.Set(mOff.Uint64(), l.Uint64(), codeCopy)
}
func opGasprice(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(contract.Price))
}
func opBlockhash(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
num := stack.pop()
n := new(big.Int).Sub(env.BlockNumber(), common.Big257)
if num.Cmp(n) > 0 && num.Cmp(env.BlockNumber()) < 0 {
stack.push(env.GetHash(num.Uint64()).Big())
} else {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
}
}
func opCoinbase(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(env.Coinbase().Big())
}
func opTimestamp(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(U256(new(big.Int).Set(env.Time())))
}
func opNumber(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(U256(new(big.Int).Set(env.BlockNumber())))
}
func opDifficulty(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(U256(new(big.Int).Set(env.Difficulty())))
}
func opGasLimit(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(U256(new(big.Int).Set(env.GasLimit())))
}
func opPop(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.pop()
}
func opPush(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(instr.data))
}
func opDup(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.dup(int(instr.data.Int64()))
}
func opSwap(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.swap(int(instr.data.Int64()))
}
func opLog(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
n := int(instr.data.Int64())
topics := make([]common.Hash, n)
mStart, mSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
topics[i] = common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
}
d := memory.Get(mStart.Int64(), mSize.Int64())
log := NewLog(contract.Address(), topics, d, env.BlockNumber().Uint64())
env.AddLog(log)
}
func opMload(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
offset := stack.pop()
val := common.BigD(memory.Get(offset.Int64(), 32))
stack.push(val)
}
func opMstore(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
// pop value of the stack
mStart, val := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
memory.Set(mStart.Uint64(), 32, common.BigToBytes(val, 256))
}
func opMstore8(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
off, val := stack.pop().Int64(), stack.pop().Int64()
memory.store[off] = byte(val & 0xff)
}
func opSload(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
loc := common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
val := env.Db().GetState(contract.Address(), loc).Big()
stack.push(val)
}
func opSstore(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
loc := common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
val := stack.pop()
env.Db().SetState(contract.Address(), loc, common.BigToHash(val))
}
func opJump(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
}
func opJumpi(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
}
func opJumpdest(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
}
func opPc(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(instr.data))
}
func opMsize(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(big.NewInt(int64(memory.Len())))
}
func opGas(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.push(new(big.Int).Set(contract.Gas))
}
func opCreate(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
var (
value = stack.pop()
offset, size = stack.pop(), stack.pop()
input = memory.Get(offset.Int64(), size.Int64())
gas = new(big.Int).Set(contract.Gas)
)
if env.ChainConfig().IsEIP150(env.BlockNumber()) {
gas.Div(gas, n64)
gas = gas.Sub(contract.Gas, gas)
}
contract.UseGas(gas)
_, addr, suberr := env.Create(contract, input, gas, contract.Price, value)
// Push item on the stack based on the returned error. If the ruleset is
// homestead we must check for CodeStoreOutOfGasError (homestead only
// rule) and treat as an error, if the ruleset is frontier we must
// ignore this error and pretend the operation was successful.
if env.ChainConfig().IsHomestead(env.BlockNumber()) && suberr == CodeStoreOutOfGasError {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
} else if suberr != nil && suberr != CodeStoreOutOfGasError {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
} else {
stack.push(addr.Big())
}
}
func opCall(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
gas := stack.pop()
// pop gas and value of the stack.
addr, value := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
value = U256(value)
// pop input size and offset
inOffset, inSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
// pop return size and offset
retOffset, retSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
address := common.BigToAddress(addr)
// Get the arguments from the memory
args := memory.Get(inOffset.Int64(), inSize.Int64())
if len(value.Bytes()) > 0 {
gas.Add(gas, params.CallStipend)
}
ret, err := env.Call(contract, address, args, gas, contract.Price, value)
if err != nil {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
} else {
stack.push(big.NewInt(1))
memory.Set(retOffset.Uint64(), retSize.Uint64(), ret)
}
}
func opCallCode(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
gas := stack.pop()
// pop gas and value of the stack.
addr, value := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
value = U256(value)
// pop input size and offset
inOffset, inSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
// pop return size and offset
retOffset, retSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
address := common.BigToAddress(addr)
// Get the arguments from the memory
args := memory.Get(inOffset.Int64(), inSize.Int64())
if len(value.Bytes()) > 0 {
gas.Add(gas, params.CallStipend)
}
ret, err := env.CallCode(contract, address, args, gas, contract.Price, value)
if err != nil {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
} else {
stack.push(big.NewInt(1))
memory.Set(retOffset.Uint64(), retSize.Uint64(), ret)
}
}
func opDelegateCall(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
gas, to, inOffset, inSize, outOffset, outSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop(), stack.pop()
toAddr := common.BigToAddress(to)
args := memory.Get(inOffset.Int64(), inSize.Int64())
ret, err := env.DelegateCall(contract, toAddr, args, gas, contract.Price)
if err != nil {
stack.push(new(big.Int))
} else {
stack.push(big.NewInt(1))
memory.Set(outOffset.Uint64(), outSize.Uint64(), ret)
}
}
func opReturn(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
}
func opStop(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
}
func opSuicide(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
balance := env.Db().GetBalance(contract.Address())
env.Db().AddBalance(common.BigToAddress(stack.pop()), balance)
env.Db().Suicide(contract.Address())
}
// following functions are used by the instruction jump table
// make log instruction function
func makeLog(size int) instrFn {
return func(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
topics := make([]common.Hash, size)
mStart, mSize := stack.pop(), stack.pop()
for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
topics[i] = common.BigToHash(stack.pop())
}
d := memory.Get(mStart.Int64(), mSize.Int64())
log := NewLog(contract.Address(), topics, d, env.BlockNumber().Uint64())
env.AddLog(log)
}
}
// make push instruction function
func makePush(size uint64, bsize *big.Int) instrFn {
return func(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
byts := getData(contract.Code, new(big.Int).SetUint64(*pc+1), bsize)
stack.push(common.Bytes2Big(byts))
*pc += size
}
}
// make push instruction function
func makeDup(size int64) instrFn {
return func(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.dup(int(size))
}
}
// make swap instruction function
func makeSwap(size int64) instrFn {
// switch n + 1 otherwise n would be swapped with n
size += 1
return func(instr instruction, pc *uint64, env Environment, contract *Contract, memory *Memory, stack *Stack) {
stack.swap(int(size))
}
}
