path: root/swarm/network/protocol.go

// Copyright 2016 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package network

import (
    "context"
    "errors"
    "fmt"
    "net"
    "sync"
    "time"

    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p/discover"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p/protocols"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/log"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/swarm/state"
)

const (
    DefaultNetworkID = 3
    // ProtocolMaxMsgSize maximum allowed message size
    ProtocolMaxMsgSize = 10 * 1024 * 1024
    // timeout for waiting
    bzzHandshakeTimeout = 3000 * time.Millisecond
)

// BzzSpec is the spec of the generic swarm handshake
var BzzSpec = &protocols.Spec{
    Name:       "bzz",
    Version:    4,
    MaxMsgSize: 10 * 1024 * 1024,
    Messages: []interface{}{
        HandshakeMsg{},
    },
}

// DiscoverySpec is the spec for the bzz discovery subprotocols
var DiscoverySpec = &protocols.Spec{
    Name:       "hive",
    Version:    4,
    MaxMsgSize: 10 * 1024 * 1024,
    Messages: []interface{}{
        peersMsg{},
        subPeersMsg{},
    },
}

// Addr interface that peerPool needs
type Addr interface {
    OverlayPeer
    Over() []byte
    Under() []byte
    String() string
    Update(OverlayAddr) OverlayAddr
}

// Peer interface represents an live peer connection
type Peer interface {
    Addr                   // the address of a peer
    Conn                   // the live connection (protocols.Peer)
    LastActive() time.Time // last time active
}

// Conn interface represents an live peer connection
type Conn interface {
    ID() discover.NodeID                                                                  // the key that uniquely identifies the Node for the peerPool
    Handshake(context.Context, interface{}, func(interface{}) error) (interface{}, error) // can send messages
    Send(context.Context, interface{}) error                                              // can send messages
    Drop(error)                                                                           // disconnect this peer
    Run(func(context.Context, interface{}) error) error                                   // the run function to run a protocol
    Off() OverlayAddr
}

// BzzConfig captures the config params used by the hive
type BzzConfig struct {
    OverlayAddr  []byte // base address of the overlay network
    UnderlayAddr []byte // node's underlay address
    HiveParams   *HiveParams
    NetworkID    uint64
}

// Bzz is the swarm protocol bundle
type Bzz struct {
    *Hive
    NetworkID    uint64
    localAddr    *BzzAddr
    mtx          sync.Mutex
    handshakes   map[discover.NodeID]*HandshakeMsg
    streamerSpec *protocols.Spec
    streamerRun  func(*BzzPeer) error
}

// NewBzz is the swarm protocol constructor
// arguments
// * bzz config
// * overlay driver
// * peer store
func NewBzz(config *BzzConfig, kad Overlay, store state.Store, streamerSpec *protocols.Spec, streamerRun func(*BzzPeer) error) *Bzz {
    return &Bzz{
        Hive:         NewHive(config.HiveParams, kad, store),
        NetworkID:    config.NetworkID,
        localAddr:    &BzzAddr{config.OverlayAddr, config.UnderlayAddr},
        handshakes:   make(map[discover.NodeID]*HandshakeMsg),
        streamerRun:  streamerRun,
        streamerSpec: streamerSpec,
    }
}

// UpdateLocalAddr updates underlayaddress of the running node
func (b *Bzz) UpdateLocalAddr(byteaddr []byte) *BzzAddr {
    b.localAddr = b.localAddr.Update(&BzzAddr{
        UAddr: byteaddr,
        OAddr: b.localAddr.OAddr,
    }).(*BzzAddr)
    return b.localAddr
}

// NodeInfo returns the node's overlay address
func (b *Bzz) NodeInfo() interface{} {
    return b.localAddr.Address()
}

// Protocols return the protocols swarm offers
// Bzz implements the node.Service interface
// * handshake/hive
// * discovery
func (b *Bzz) Protocols() []p2p.Protocol {
    protocol := []p2p.Protocol{
        {
            Name:     BzzSpec.Name,
            Version:  BzzSpec.Version,
            Length:   BzzSpec.Length(),
            Run:      b.runBzz,
            NodeInfo: b.NodeInfo,
        },
        {
            Name:     DiscoverySpec.Name,
            Version:  DiscoverySpec.Version,
            Length:   DiscoverySpec.Length(),
            Run:      b.RunProtocol(DiscoverySpec, b.Hive.Run),
            NodeInfo: b.Hive.NodeInfo,
            PeerInfo: b.Hive.PeerInfo,
        },
    }
    if b.streamerSpec != nil && b.streamerRun != nil {
        protocol = append(protocol, p2p.Protocol{
            Name:    b.streamerSpec.Name,
            Version: b.streamerSpec.Version,
            Length:  b.streamerSpec.Length(),
            Run:     b.RunProtocol(b.streamerSpec, b.streamerRun),
        })
    }
    return protocol
}

// APIs returns the APIs offered by bzz
// * hive
// Bzz implements the node.Service interface
func (b *Bzz) APIs() []rpc.API {
    return []rpc.API{{
        Namespace: "hive",
        Version:   "3.0",
        Service:   b.Hive,
    }}
}

// RunProtocol is a wrapper for swarm subprotocols
// returns a p2p protocol run function that can be assigned to p2p.Protocol#Run field
// arguments:
// * p2p protocol spec
// * run function taking BzzPeer as argument
//   this run function is meant to block for the duration of the protocol session
//   on return the session is terminated and the peer is disconnected
// the protocol waits for the bzz handshake is negotiated
// the overlay address on the BzzPeer is set from the remote handshake
func (b *Bzz) RunProtocol(spec *protocols.Spec, run func(*BzzPeer) error) func(*p2p.Peer, p2p.MsgReadWriter) error {
    return func(p *p2p.Peer, rw p2p.MsgReadWriter) error {
        // wait for the bzz protocol to perform the handshake
        handshake, _ := b.GetHandshake(p.ID())
        defer b.removeHandshake(p.ID())
        select {
        case <-handshake.done:
        case <-time.After(bzzHandshakeTimeout):
            return fmt.Errorf("%08x: %s protocol timeout waiting for handshake on %08x", b.BaseAddr()[:4], spec.Name, p.ID().Bytes()[:4])
        }
        if handshake.err != nil {
            return fmt.Errorf("%08x: %s protocol closed: %v", b.BaseAddr()[:4], spec.Name, handshake.err)
        }
        // the handshake has succeeded so construct the BzzPeer and run the protocol
        peer := &BzzPeer{
            Peer:       protocols.NewPeer(p, rw, spec),
            localAddr:  b.localAddr,
            BzzAddr:    handshake.peerAddr,
            lastActive: time.Now(),
        }
        return run(peer)
    }
}

// performHandshake implements the negotiation of the bzz handshake
// shared among swarm subprotocols
func (b *Bzz) performHandshake(p *protocols.Peer, handshake *HandshakeMsg) error {
    ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), bzzHandshakeTimeout)
    defer func() {
        close(handshake.done)
        cancel()
    }()
    rsh, err := p.Handshake(ctx, handshake, b.checkHandshake)
    if err != nil {
        handshake.err = err
        return err
    }
    handshake.peerAddr = rsh.(*HandshakeMsg).Addr
    return nil
}

// runBzz is the p2p protocol run function for the bzz base protocol
// that negotiates the bzz handshake
func (b *Bzz) runBzz(p *p2p.Peer, rw p2p.MsgReadWriter) error {
    handshake, _ := b.GetHandshake(p.ID())
    if !<-handshake.init {
        return fmt.Errorf("%08x: bzz already started on peer %08x", b.localAddr.Over()[:4], ToOverlayAddr(p.ID().Bytes())[:4])
    }
    close(handshake.init)
    defer b.removeHandshake(p.ID())
    peer := protocols.NewPeer(p, rw, BzzSpec)
    err := b.performHandshake(peer, handshake)
    if err != nil {
        log.Warn(fmt.Sprintf("%08x: handshake failed with remote peer %08x: %v", b.localAddr.Over()[:4], ToOverlayAddr(p.ID().Bytes())[:4], err))

        return err
    }
    // fail if we get another handshake
    msg, err := rw.ReadMsg()
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }
    msg.Discard()
    return errors.New("received multiple handshakes")
}

// BzzPeer is the bzz protocol view of a protocols.Peer (itself an extension of p2p.Peer)
// implements the Peer interface and all interfaces Peer implements: Addr, OverlayPeer
type BzzPeer struct {
    *protocols.Peer           // represents the connection for online peers
    localAddr       *BzzAddr  // local Peers address
    *BzzAddr                  // remote address -> implements Addr interface = protocols.Peer
    lastActive      time.Time // time is updated whenever mutexes are releasing
}

func NewBzzTestPeer(p *protocols.Peer, addr *BzzAddr) *BzzPeer {
    return &BzzPeer{
        Peer:      p,
        localAddr: addr,
        BzzAddr:   NewAddrFromNodeID(p.ID()),
    }
}

// Off returns the overlay peer record for offline persistence
func (p *BzzPeer) Off() OverlayAddr {
    return p.BzzAddr
}

// LastActive returns the time the peer was last active
func (p *BzzPeer) LastActive() time.Time {
    return p.lastActive
}

/*
 Handshake

* Version: 8 byte integer version of the protocol
* NetworkID: 8 byte integer network identifier
* Addr: the address advertised by the node including underlay and overlay connecctions
*/
type HandshakeMsg struct {
    Version   uint64
    NetworkID uint64
    Addr      *BzzAddr

    // peerAddr is the address received in the peer handshake
    peerAddr *BzzAddr

    init chan bool
    done chan struct{}
    err  error
}

// String pretty prints the handshake
func (bh *HandshakeMsg) String() string {
    return fmt.Sprintf("Handshake: Version: %v, NetworkID: %v, Addr: %v", bh.Version, bh.NetworkID, bh.Addr)
}

// Perform initiates the handshake and validates the remote handshake message
func (b *Bzz) checkHandshake(hs interface{}) error {
    rhs := hs.(*HandshakeMsg)
    if rhs.NetworkID != b.NetworkID {
        return fmt.Errorf("network id mismatch %d (!= %d)", rhs.NetworkID, b.NetworkID)
    }
    if rhs.Version != uint64(BzzSpec.Version) {
        return fmt.Errorf("version mismatch %d (!= %d)", rhs.Version, BzzSpec.Version)
    }
    return nil
}

// removeHandshake removes handshake for peer with peerID
// from the bzz handshake store
func (b *Bzz) removeHandshake(peerID discover.NodeID) {
    b.mtx.Lock()
    defer b.mtx.Unlock()
    delete(b.handshakes, peerID)
}

// GetHandshake returns the bzz handhake that the remote peer with peerID sent
func (b *Bzz) GetHandshake(peerID discover.NodeID) (*HandshakeMsg, bool) {
    b.mtx.Lock()
    defer b.mtx.Unlock()
    handshake, found := b.handshakes[peerID]
    if !found {
        handshake = &HandshakeMsg{
            Version:   uint64(BzzSpec.Version),
            NetworkID: b.NetworkID,
            Addr:      b.localAddr,
            init:      make(chan bool, 1),
            done:      make(chan struct{}),
        }
        // when handhsake is first created for a remote peer
        // it is initialised with the init
        handshake.init <- true
        b.handshakes[peerID] = handshake
    }

    return handshake, found
}

// BzzAddr implements the PeerAddr interface
type BzzAddr struct {
    OAddr []byte
    UAddr []byte
}

// Address implements OverlayPeer interface to be used in Overlay
func (a *BzzAddr) Address() []byte {
    return a.OAddr
}

// Over returns the overlay address
func (a *BzzAddr) Over() []byte {
    return a.OAddr
}

// Under returns the underlay address
func (a *BzzAddr) Under() []byte {
    return a.UAddr
}

// ID returns the nodeID from the underlay enode address
func (a *BzzAddr) ID() discover.NodeID {
    return discover.MustParseNode(string(a.UAddr)).ID
}

// Update updates the underlay address of a peer record
func (a *BzzAddr) Update(na OverlayAddr) OverlayAddr {
    return &BzzAddr{a.OAddr, na.(Addr).Under()}
}

// String pretty prints the address
func (a *BzzAddr) String() string {
    return fmt.Sprintf("%x <%s>", a.OAddr, a.UAddr)
}

// RandomAddr is a utility method generating an address from a public key
func RandomAddr() *BzzAddr {
    key, err := crypto.GenerateKey()
    if err != nil {
        panic("unable to generate key")
    }
    pubkey := crypto.FromECDSAPub(&key.PublicKey)
    var id discover.NodeID
    copy(id[:], pubkey[1:])
    return NewAddrFromNodeID(id)
}

// NewNodeIDFromAddr transforms the underlay address to an adapters.NodeID
func NewNodeIDFromAddr(addr Addr) discover.NodeID {
    log.Info(fmt.Sprintf("uaddr=%s", string(addr.Under())))
    node := discover.MustParseNode(string(addr.Under()))
    return node.ID
}

// NewAddrFromNodeID constucts a BzzAddr from a discover.NodeID
// the overlay address is derived as the hash of the nodeID
func NewAddrFromNodeID(id discover.NodeID) *BzzAddr {
    return &BzzAddr{
        OAddr: ToOverlayAddr(id.Bytes()),
        UAddr: []byte(discover.NewNode(id, net.IP{127, 0, 0, 1}, 30303, 30303).String()),
    }
}

// NewAddrFromNodeIDAndPort constucts a BzzAddr from a discover.NodeID and port uint16
// the overlay address is derived as the hash of the nodeID
func NewAddrFromNodeIDAndPort(id discover.NodeID, host net.IP, port uint16) *BzzAddr {
    return &BzzAddr{
        OAddr: ToOverlayAddr(id.Bytes()),
        UAddr: []byte(discover.NewNode(id, host, port, port).String()),
    }
}

// ToOverlayAddr creates an overlayaddress from a byte slice
func ToOverlayAddr(id []byte) []byte {
    return crypto.Keccak256(id)
}