// Copyright 2014 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
// Package eth implements the Ethereum protocol.
package eth
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"math/big"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"regexp"
"strings"
"time"
"github.com/ethereum/ethash"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/compiler"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/httpclient"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/registrar/ethreg"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/downloader"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/filters"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger/glog"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/miner"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/node"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
)
const (
epochLength = 30000
ethashRevision = 23
autoDAGcheckInterval = 10 * time.Hour
autoDAGepochHeight = epochLength / 2
)
var (
datadirInUseErrnos = map[uint]bool{11: true, 32: true, 35: true}
portInUseErrRE = regexp.MustCompile("address already in use")
)
type Config struct {
ChainConfig *core.ChainConfig // chain configuration
NetworkId int // Network ID to use for selecting peers to connect to
Genesis string // Genesis JSON to seed the chain database with
FastSync bool // Enables the state download based fast synchronisation algorithm
BlockChainVersion int
SkipBcVersionCheck bool // e.g. blockchain export
DatabaseCache int
DatabaseHandles int
NatSpec bool
DocRoot string
AutoDAG bool
PowTest bool
PowShared bool
ExtraData []byte
AccountManager *accounts.Manager
Etherbase common.Address
GasPrice *big.Int
MinerThreads int
SolcPath string
GpoMinGasPrice *big.Int
GpoMaxGasPrice *big.Int
GpoFullBlockRatio int
GpobaseStepDown int
GpobaseStepUp int
GpobaseCorrectionFactor int
EnableJit bool
ForceJit bool
TestGenesisBlock *types.Block // Genesis block to seed the chain database with (testing only!)
TestGenesisState ethdb.Database // Genesis state to seed the database with (testing only!)
}
type Ethereum struct {
chainConfig *core.ChainConfig
// Channel for shutting down the ethereum
shutdownChan chan bool
// DB interfaces
chainDb ethdb.Database // Block chain database
dappDb ethdb.Database // Dapp database
// Handlers
txPool *core.TxPool
blockchain *core.BlockChain
accountManager *accounts.Manager
pow *ethash.Ethash
protocolManager *ProtocolManager
SolcPath string
solc *compiler.Solidity
GpoMinGasPrice *big.Int
GpoMaxGasPrice *big.Int
GpoFullBlockRatio int
GpobaseStepDown int
GpobaseStepUp int
GpobaseCorrectionFactor int
httpclient *httpclient.HTTPClient
eventMux *event.TypeMux
miner *miner.Miner
Mining bool
MinerThreads int
NatSpec bool
AutoDAG bool
PowTest bool
autodagquit chan bool
etherbase common.Address
netVersionId int
netRPCService *PublicNetAPI
}
func New(ctx *node.ServiceContext, config *Config) (*Ethereum, error) {
// Open the chain database and perform any upgrades needed
chainDb, err := ctx.OpenDatabase("chaindata", config.DatabaseCache, config.DatabaseHandles)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if db, ok := chainDb.(*ethdb.LDBDatabase); ok {
db.Meter("eth/db/chaindata/")
}
if err := upgradeChainDatabase(chainDb); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if err := addMipmapBloomBins(chainDb); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
dappDb, err := ctx.OpenDatabase("dapp", config.DatabaseCache, config.DatabaseHandles)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if db, ok := dappDb.(*ethdb.LDBDatabase); ok {
db.Meter("eth/db/dapp/")
}
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Protocol Versions: %v, Network Id: %v", ProtocolVersions, config.NetworkId)
// Load up any custom genesis block if requested
if len(config.Genesis) > 0 {
block, err := core.WriteGenesisBlock(chainDb, strings.NewReader(config.Genesis))
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Successfully wrote custom genesis block: %x", block.Hash())
}
// Load up a test setup if directly injected
if config.TestGenesisState != nil {
chainDb = config.TestGenesisState
}
if config.TestGenesisBlock != nil {
core.WriteTd(chainDb, config.TestGenesisBlock.Hash(), config.TestGenesisBlock.Difficulty())
core.WriteBlock(chainDb, config.TestGenesisBlock)
core.WriteCanonicalHash(chainDb, config.TestGenesisBlock.Hash(), config.TestGenesisBlock.NumberU64())
core.WriteHeadBlockHash(chainDb, config.TestGenesisBlock.Hash())
}
if !config.SkipBcVersionCheck {
bcVersion := core.GetBlockChainVersion(chainDb)
if bcVersion != config.BlockChainVersion && bcVersion != 0 {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("Blockchain DB version mismatch (%d / %d). Run geth upgradedb.\n", bcVersion, config.BlockChainVersion)
}
core.WriteBlockChainVersion(chainDb, config.BlockChainVersion)
}
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Blockchain DB Version: %d", config.BlockChainVersion)
eth := &Ethereum{
shutdownChan: make(chan bool),
chainDb: chainDb,
dappDb: dappDb,
eventMux: ctx.EventMux,
accountManager: config.AccountManager,
etherbase: config.Etherbase,
netVersionId: config.NetworkId,
NatSpec: config.NatSpec,
MinerThreads: config.MinerThreads,
SolcPath: config.SolcPath,
AutoDAG: config.AutoDAG,
PowTest: config.PowTest,
GpoMinGasPrice: config.GpoMinGasPrice,
GpoMaxGasPrice: config.GpoMaxGasPrice,
GpoFullBlockRatio: config.GpoFullBlockRatio,
GpobaseStepDown: config.GpobaseStepDown,
GpobaseStepUp: config.GpobaseStepUp,
GpobaseCorrectionFactor: config.GpobaseCorrectionFactor,
httpclient: httpclient.New(config.DocRoot),
}
switch {
case config.PowTest:
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("ethash used in test mode")
eth.pow, err = ethash.NewForTesting()
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
case config.PowShared:
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("ethash used in shared mode")
eth.pow = ethash.NewShared()
default:
eth.pow = ethash.New()
}
// load the genesis block or write a new one if no genesis
// block is prenent in the database.
genesis := core.GetBlock(chainDb, core.GetCanonicalHash(chainDb, 0))
if genesis == nil {
genesis, err = core.WriteDefaultGenesisBlock(chainDb)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("WARNING: Wrote default ethereum genesis block")
}
eth.chainConfig = config.ChainConfig
eth.chainConfig.VmConfig = vm.Config{
EnableJit: config.EnableJit,
ForceJit: config.ForceJit,
}
eth.blockchain, err = core.NewBlockChain(chainDb, eth.chainConfig, eth.pow, eth.EventMux())
if err != nil {
if err == core.ErrNoGenesis {
return nil, fmt.Errorf(`No chain found. Please initialise a new chain using the "init" subcommand.`)
}
return nil, err
}
newPool := core.NewTxPool(eth.chainConfig, eth.EventMux(), eth.blockchain.State, eth.blockchain.GasLimit)
eth.txPool = newPool
if eth.protocolManager, err = NewProtocolManager(eth.chainConfig, config.FastSync, config.NetworkId, eth.eventMux, eth.txPool, eth.pow, eth.blockchain, chainDb); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
eth.miner = miner.New(eth, eth.chainConfig, eth.EventMux(), eth.pow)
eth.miner.SetGasPrice(config.GasPrice)
eth.miner.SetExtra(config.ExtraData)
return eth, nil
}
// APIs returns the collection of RPC services the ethereum package offers.
// NOTE, some of these services probably need to be moved to somewhere else.
func (s *Ethereum) APIs() []rpc.API {
// share gas price oracle in API's
gpo := NewGasPriceOracle(s)
return []rpc.API{
{
Namespace: "eth",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPublicEthereumAPI(s, gpo),
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "eth",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPublicAccountAPI(s.AccountManager()),
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "personal",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPrivateAccountAPI(s.AccountManager()),
Public: false,
}, {
Namespace: "eth",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPublicBlockChainAPI(s.chainConfig, s.BlockChain(), s.Miner(), s.ChainDb(), gpo, s.EventMux(), s.AccountManager()),
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "eth",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPublicTransactionPoolAPI(s, gpo),
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "eth",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPublicMinerAPI(s),
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "eth",
Version: "1.0",
Service: downloader.NewPublicDownloaderAPI(s.Downloader(), s.EventMux()),
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "miner",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPrivateMinerAPI(s),
Public: false,
}, {
Namespace: "txpool",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPublicTxPoolAPI(s),
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "eth",
Version: "1.0",
Service: filters.NewPublicFilterAPI(s.ChainDb(), s.EventMux()),
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "admin",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPrivateAdminAPI(s),
}, {
Namespace: "debug",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPublicDebugAPI(s),
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "debug",
Version: "1.0",
Service: NewPrivateDebugAPI(s.chainConfig, s),
}, {
Namespace: "net",
Version: "1.0",
Service: s.netRPCService,
Public: true,
}, {
Namespace: "admin",
Version: "1.0",
Service: ethreg.NewPrivateRegistarAPI(s.chainConfig, s.BlockChain(), s.ChainDb(), s.TxPool(), s.AccountManager()),
},
}
}
func (s *Ethereum) ResetWithGenesisBlock(gb *types.Block) {
s.blockchain.ResetWithGenesisBlock(gb)
}
func (s *Ethereum) Etherbase() (eb common.Address, err error) {
eb = s.etherbase
if (eb == common.Address{}) {
addr, e := s.AccountManager().AddressByIndex(0)
if e != nil {
err = fmt.Errorf("etherbase address must be explicitly specified")
}
eb = common.HexToAddress(addr)
}
return
}
// set in js console via admin interface or wrapper from cli flags
func (self *Ethereum) SetEtherbase(etherbase common.Address) {
self.etherbase = etherbase
self.miner.SetEtherbase(etherbase)
}
func (s *Ethereum) StopMining() { s.miner.Stop() }
func (s *Ethereum) IsMining() bool { return s.miner.Mining() }
func (s *Ethereum) Miner() *miner.Miner { return s.miner }
func (s *Ethereum) AccountManager() *accounts.Manager { return s.accountManager }
func (s *Ethereum) BlockChain() *core.BlockChain { return s.blockchain }
func (s *Ethereum) TxPool() *core.TxPool { return s.txPool }
func (s *Ethereum) EventMux() *event.TypeMux { return s.eventMux }
func (s *Ethereum) ChainDb() ethdb.Database { return s.chainDb }
func (s *Ethereum) DappDb() ethdb.Database { return s.dappDb }
func (s *Ethereum) IsListening() bool { return true } // Always listening
func (s *Ethereum) EthVersion() int { return int(s.protocolManager.SubProtocols[0].Version) }
func (s *Ethereum) NetVersion() int { return s.netVersionId }
func (s *Ethereum) Downloader() *downloader.Downloader { return s.protocolManager.downloader }
// Protocols implements node.Service, returning all the currently configured
// network protocols to start.
func (s *Ethereum) Protocols() []p2p.Protocol {
return s.protocolManager.SubProtocols
}
// Start implements node.Service, starting all internal goroutines needed by the
// Ethereum protocol implementation.
func (s *Ethereum) Start(srvr *p2p.Server) error {
if s.AutoDAG {
s.StartAutoDAG()
}
s.protocolManager.Start()
s.netRPCService = NewPublicNetAPI(srvr, s.NetVersion())
return nil
}
// Stop implements node.Service, terminating all internal goroutines used by the
// Ethereum protocol.
func (s *Ethereum) Stop() error {
s.blockchain.Stop()
s.protocolManager.Stop()
s.txPool.Stop()
s.eventMux.Stop()
s.StopAutoDAG()
s.chainDb.Close()
s.dappDb.Close()
close(s.shutdownChan)
return nil
}
// This function will wait for a shutdown and resumes main thread execution
func (s *Ethereum) WaitForShutdown() {
<-s.shutdownChan
}
// StartAutoDAG() spawns a go routine that checks the DAG every autoDAGcheckInterval
// by default that is 10 times per epoch
// in epoch n, if we past autoDAGepochHeight within-epoch blocks,
// it calls ethash.MakeDAG to pregenerate the DAG for the next epoch n+1
// if it does not exist yet as well as remove the DAG for epoch n-1
// the loop quits if autodagquit channel is closed, it can safely restart and
// stop any number of times.
// For any more sophisticated pattern of DAG generation, use CLI subcommand
// makedag
func (self *Ethereum) StartAutoDAG() {
if self.autodagquit != nil {
return // already started
}
go func() {
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Automatic pregeneration of ethash DAG ON (ethash dir: %s)", ethash.DefaultDir)
var nextEpoch uint64
timer := time.After(0)
self.autodagquit = make(chan bool)
for {
select {
case <-timer:
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("checking DAG (ethash dir: %s)", ethash.DefaultDir)
currentBlock := self.BlockChain().CurrentBlock().NumberU64()
thisEpoch := currentBlock / epochLength
if nextEpoch <= thisEpoch {
if currentBlock%epochLength > autoDAGepochHeight {
if thisEpoch > 0 {
previousDag, previousDagFull := dagFiles(thisEpoch - 1)
os.Remove(filepath.Join(ethash.DefaultDir, previousDag))
os.Remove(filepath.Join(ethash.DefaultDir, previousDagFull))
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("removed DAG for epoch %d (%s)", thisEpoch-1, previousDag)
}
nextEpoch = thisEpoch + 1
dag, _ := dagFiles(nextEpoch)
if _, err := os.Stat(dag); os.IsNotExist(err) {
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Pregenerating DAG for epoch %d (%s)", nextEpoch, dag)
err := ethash.MakeDAG(nextEpoch*epochLength, "") // "" -> ethash.DefaultDir
if err != nil {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infof("Error generating DAG for epoch %d (%s)", nextEpoch, dag)
return
}
} else {
glog.V(logger.Error).Infof("DAG for epoch %d (%s)", nextEpoch, dag)
}
}
}
timer = time.After(autoDAGcheckInterval)
case <-self.autodagquit:
return
}
}
}()
}
// stopAutoDAG stops automatic DAG pregeneration by quitting the loop
func (self *Ethereum) StopAutoDAG() {
if self.autodagquit != nil {
close(self.autodagquit)
self.autodagquit = nil
}
glog.V(logger.Info).Infof("Automatic pregeneration of ethash DAG OFF (ethash dir: %s)", ethash.DefaultDir)
}
// HTTPClient returns the light http client used for fetching offchain docs
// (natspec, source for verification)
func (self *Ethereum) HTTPClient() *httpclient.HTTPClient {
return self.httpclient
}
func (self *Ethereum) Solc() (*compiler.Solidity, error) {
var err error
if self.solc == nil {
self.solc, err = compiler.New(self.SolcPath)
}
return self.solc, err
}
// set in js console via admin interface or wrapper from cli flags
func (self *Ethereum) SetSolc(solcPath string) (*compiler.Solidity, error) {
self.SolcPath = solcPath
self.solc = nil
return self.Solc()
}
// dagFiles(epoch) returns the two alternative DAG filenames (not a path)
// 1) <revision>-<hex(seedhash[8])> 2) full-R<revision>-<hex(seedhash[8])>
func dagFiles(epoch uint64) (string, string) {
seedHash, _ := ethash.GetSeedHash(epoch * epochLength)
dag := fmt.Sprintf("full-R%d-%x", ethashRevision, seedHash[:8])
return dag, "full-R" + dag
}
// upgradeChainDatabase ensures that the chain database stores block split into
// separate header and body entries.
func upgradeChainDatabase(db ethdb.Database) error {
// Short circuit if the head block is stored already as separate header and body
data, err := db.Get([]byte("LastBlock"))
if err != nil {
return nil
}
head := common.BytesToHash(data)
if block := core.GetBlockByHashOld(db, head); block == nil {
return nil
}
// At least some of the database is still the old format, upgrade (skip the head block!)
glog.V(logger.Info).Info("Old database detected, upgrading...")
if db, ok := db.(*ethdb.LDBDatabase); ok {
blockPrefix := []byte("block-hash-")
for it := db.NewIterator(); it.Next(); {
// Skip anything other than a combined block
if !bytes.HasPrefix(it.Key(), blockPrefix) {
continue
}
// Skip the head block (merge last to signal upgrade completion)
if bytes.HasSuffix(it.Key(), head.Bytes()) {
continue
}
// Load the block, split and serialize (order!)
block := core.GetBlockByHashOld(db, common.BytesToHash(bytes.TrimPrefix(it.Key(), blockPrefix)))
if err := core.WriteTd(db, block.Hash(), block.DeprecatedTd()); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := core.WriteBody(db, block.Hash(), &types.Body{block.Transactions(), block.Uncles()}); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := core.WriteHeader(db, block.Header()); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := db.Delete(it.Key()); err != nil {
return err
}
}
// Lastly, upgrade the head block, disabling the upgrade mechanism
current := core.GetBlockByHashOld(db, head)
if err := core.WriteTd(db, current.Hash(), current.DeprecatedTd()); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := core.WriteBody(db, current.Hash(), &types.Body{current.Transactions(), current.Uncles()}); err != nil {
return err
}
if err := core.WriteHeader(db, current.Header()); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
func addMipmapBloomBins(db ethdb.Database) (err error) {
const mipmapVersion uint = 2
// check if the version is set. We ignore data for now since there's
// only one version so we can easily ignore it for now
var data []byte
data, _ = db.Get([]byte("setting-mipmap-version"))
if len(data) > 0 {
var version uint
if err := rlp.DecodeBytes(data, &version); err == nil && version == mipmapVersion {
return nil
}
}
defer func() {
if err == nil {
var val []byte
val, err = rlp.EncodeToBytes(mipmapVersion)
if err == nil {
err = db.Put([]byte("setting-mipmap-version"), val)
}
return
}
}()
latestBlock := core.GetBlock(db, core.GetHeadBlockHash(db))
if latestBlock == nil { // clean database
return
}
tstart := time.Now()
glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("upgrading db log bloom bins")
for i := uint64(0); i <= latestBlock.NumberU64(); i++ {
hash := core.GetCanonicalHash(db, i)
if (hash == common.Hash{}) {
return fmt.Errorf("chain db corrupted. Could not find block %d.", i)
}
core.WriteMipmapBloom(db, i, core.GetBlockReceipts(db, hash))
}
glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("upgrade completed in", time.Since(tstart))
return nil
}
