path: root/cmd/utils/flags.go

// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of go-ethereum.
//
// go-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// go-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with go-ethereum. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package utils

import (
    "crypto/ecdsa"
    "fmt"
    "log"
    "math"
    "math/big"
    "net"
    "net/http"
    "os"
    "path/filepath"
    "runtime"
    "strconv"

    "github.com/codegangsta/cli"
    "github.com/ethereum/ethash"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/logger/glog"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/metrics"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p/nat"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc/api"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc/codec"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc/comms"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc/shared"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc/useragent"
    "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/xeth"
)

func init() {
    cli.AppHelpTemplate = `{{.Name}} {{if .Flags}}[global options] {{end}}command{{if .Flags}} [command options]{{end}} [arguments...]

VERSION:
   {{.Version}}

COMMANDS:
   {{range .Commands}}{{.Name}}{{with .ShortName}}, {{.}}{{end}}{{ "\t" }}{{.Usage}}
   {{end}}{{if .Flags}}
GLOBAL OPTIONS:
   {{range .Flags}}{{.}}
   {{end}}{{end}}
`

    cli.CommandHelpTemplate = `{{.Name}}{{if .Subcommands}} command{{end}}{{if .Flags}} [command options]{{end}} [arguments...]
{{if .Description}}{{.Description}}
{{end}}{{if .Subcommands}}
SUBCOMMANDS:
    {{range .Subcommands}}{{.Name}}{{with .ShortName}}, {{.}}{{end}}{{ "\t" }}{{.Usage}}
    {{end}}{{end}}{{if .Flags}}
OPTIONS:
    {{range .Flags}}{{.}}
    {{end}}{{end}}
`
}

// NewApp creates an app with sane defaults.
func NewApp(version, usage string) *cli.App {
    app := cli.NewApp()
    app.Name = filepath.Base(os.Args[0])
    app.Author = ""
    //app.Authors = nil
    app.Email = ""
    app.Version = version
    app.Usage = usage
    return app
}

// These are all the command line flags we support.
// If you add to this list, please remember to include the
// flag in the appropriate command definition.
//
// The flags are defined here so their names and help texts
// are the same for all commands.

var (
    // General settings
    DataDirFlag = DirectoryFlag{
        Name:  "datadir",
        Usage: "Data directory to be used",
        Value: DirectoryString{common.DefaultDataDir()},
    }
    NetworkIdFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "networkid",
        Usage: "Network Id (integer)",
        Value: eth.NetworkId,
    }
    BlockchainVersionFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "blockchainversion",
        Usage: "Blockchain version (integer)",
        Value: core.BlockChainVersion,
    }
    GenesisNonceFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "genesisnonce",
        Usage: "Sets the genesis nonce",
        Value: 42,
    }
    GenesisFileFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "genesis",
        Usage: "Inserts/Overwrites the genesis block (json format)",
    }
    DevModeFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "dev",
        Usage: "Developer mode. This mode creates a private network and sets several debugging flags",
    }
    IdentityFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "identity",
        Usage: "Custom node name",
    }
    NatspecEnabledFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "natspec",
        Usage: "Enable NatSpec confirmation notice",
    }
    CacheFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "cache",
        Usage: "Megabytes of memory allocated to internal caching",
        Value: 0,
    }
    OlympicFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "olympic",
        Usage: "Use olympic style protocol",
    }
    EthVersionFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "eth",
        Value: 62,
        Usage: "Highest eth protocol to advertise (temporary, dev option)",
    }

    // miner settings
    MinerThreadsFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "minerthreads",
        Usage: "Number of miner threads",
        Value: runtime.NumCPU(),
    }
    MiningEnabledFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "mine",
        Usage: "Enable mining",
    }
    AutoDAGFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "autodag",
        Usage: "Enable automatic DAG pregeneration",
    }
    EtherbaseFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "etherbase",
        Usage: "Public address for block mining rewards. By default the address first created is used",
        Value: "0",
    }
    GasPriceFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "gasprice",
        Usage: "Sets the minimal gasprice when mining transactions",
        Value: new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(50), common.Shannon).String(),
    }

    UnlockedAccountFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "unlock",
        Usage: "Unlock the account given until this program exits (prompts for password). '--unlock n' unlocks the n-th account in order or creation.",
        Value: "",
    }
    PasswordFileFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "password",
        Usage: "Path to password file to use with options and subcommands needing a password",
        Value: "",
    }

    // vm flags
    VMDebugFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "vmdebug",
        Usage: "Virtual Machine debug output",
    }
    VMForceJitFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "forcejit",
        Usage: "Force the JIT VM to take precedence",
    }
    VMJitCacheFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "jitcache",
        Usage: "Amount of cached JIT VM programs",
        Value: 64,
    }
    VMEnableJitFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "jitvm",
        Usage: "Enable the JIT VM",
    }

    // logging and debug settings
    LogFileFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "logfile",
        Usage: "Send log output to a file",
    }
    VerbosityFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "verbosity",
        Usage: "Logging verbosity: 0-6 (0=silent, 1=error, 2=warn, 3=info, 4=core, 5=debug, 6=debug detail)",
        Value: int(logger.InfoLevel),
    }
    LogJSONFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "logjson",
        Usage: "Send json structured log output to a file or '-' for standard output (default: no json output)",
        Value: "",
    }
    LogToStdErrFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "logtostderr",
        Usage: "Logs are written to standard error instead of to files.",
    }
    LogVModuleFlag = cli.GenericFlag{
        Name:  "vmodule",
        Usage: "The syntax of the argument is a comma-separated list of pattern=N, where pattern is a literal file name (minus the \".go\" suffix) or \"glob\" pattern and N is a log verbosity level.",
        Value: glog.GetVModule(),
    }
    BacktraceAtFlag = cli.GenericFlag{
        Name:  "backtrace_at",
        Usage: "If set to a file and line number (e.g., \"block.go:271\") holding a logging statement, a stack trace will be logged",
        Value: glog.GetTraceLocation(),
    }
    PProfEanbledFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "pprof",
        Usage: "Enable the profiling server on localhost",
    }
    PProfPortFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "pprofport",
        Usage: "Port on which the profiler should listen",
        Value: 6060,
    }
    MetricsEnabledFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  metrics.MetricsEnabledFlag,
        Usage: "Enables metrics collection and reporting",
    }

    // RPC settings
    RPCEnabledFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "rpc",
        Usage: "Enable the JSON-RPC server",
    }
    RPCListenAddrFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "rpcaddr",
        Usage: "Listening address for the JSON-RPC server",
        Value: "127.0.0.1",
    }
    RPCPortFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "rpcport",
        Usage: "Port on which the JSON-RPC server should listen",
        Value: 8545,
    }
    RPCCORSDomainFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "rpccorsdomain",
        Usage: "Domain on which to send Access-Control-Allow-Origin header",
        Value: "",
    }
    RpcApiFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "rpcapi",
        Usage: "Specify the API's which are offered over the HTTP RPC interface",
        Value: comms.DefaultHttpRpcApis,
    }
    IPCDisabledFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "ipcdisable",
        Usage: "Disable the IPC-RPC server",
    }
    IPCApiFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "ipcapi",
        Usage: "Specify the API's which are offered over the IPC interface",
        Value: comms.DefaultIpcApis,
    }
    IPCPathFlag = DirectoryFlag{
        Name:  "ipcpath",
        Usage: "Filename for IPC socket/pipe",
        Value: DirectoryString{common.DefaultIpcPath()},
    }
    ExecFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "exec",
        Usage: "Execute javascript statement (only in combination with console/attach)",
    }
    // Network Settings
    MaxPeersFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "maxpeers",
        Usage: "Maximum number of network peers (network disabled if set to 0)",
        Value: 25,
    }
    MaxPendingPeersFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "maxpendpeers",
        Usage: "Maximum number of pending connection attempts (defaults used if set to 0)",
        Value: 0,
    }
    ListenPortFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "port",
        Usage: "Network listening port",
        Value: 30303,
    }
    BootnodesFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "bootnodes",
        Usage: "Space-separated enode URLs for p2p discovery bootstrap",
        Value: "",
    }
    NodeKeyFileFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "nodekey",
        Usage: "P2P node key file",
    }
    NodeKeyHexFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "nodekeyhex",
        Usage: "P2P node key as hex (for testing)",
    }
    NATFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "nat",
        Usage: "NAT port mapping mechanism (any|none|upnp|pmp|extip:<IP>)",
        Value: "any",
    }
    NoDiscoverFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "nodiscover",
        Usage: "Disables the peer discovery mechanism (manual peer addition)",
    }
    WhisperEnabledFlag = cli.BoolFlag{
        Name:  "shh",
        Usage: "Enable whisper",
    }
    // ATM the url is left to the user and deployment to
    JSpathFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "jspath",
        Usage: "JS library path to be used with console and js subcommands",
        Value: ".",
    }
    SolcPathFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "solc",
        Usage: "solidity compiler to be used",
        Value: "solc",
    }
    GpoMinGasPriceFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "gpomin",
        Usage: "Minimum suggested gas price",
        Value: new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(50), common.Shannon).String(),
    }
    GpoMaxGasPriceFlag = cli.StringFlag{
        Name:  "gpomax",
        Usage: "Maximum suggested gas price",
        Value: new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(500), common.Shannon).String(),
    }
    GpoFullBlockRatioFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "gpofull",
        Usage: "Full block threshold for gas price calculation (%)",
        Value: 80,
    }
    GpobaseStepDownFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "gpobasedown",
        Usage: "Suggested gas price base step down ratio (1/1000)",
        Value: 10,
    }
    GpobaseStepUpFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "gpobaseup",
        Usage: "Suggested gas price base step up ratio (1/1000)",
        Value: 100,
    }
    GpobaseCorrectionFactorFlag = cli.IntFlag{
        Name:  "gpobasecf",
        Usage: "Suggested gas price base correction factor (%)",
        Value: 110,
    }
)

// MakeNAT creates a port mapper from set command line flags.
func MakeNAT(ctx *cli.Context) nat.Interface {
    natif, err := nat.Parse(ctx.GlobalString(NATFlag.Name))
    if err != nil {
        Fatalf("Option %s: %v", NATFlag.Name, err)
    }
    return natif
}

// MakeNodeKey creates a node key from set command line flags.
func MakeNodeKey(ctx *cli.Context) (key *ecdsa.PrivateKey) {
    hex, file := ctx.GlobalString(NodeKeyHexFlag.Name), ctx.GlobalString(NodeKeyFileFlag.Name)
    var err error
    switch {
    case file != "" && hex != "":
        Fatalf("Options %q and %q are mutually exclusive", NodeKeyFileFlag.Name, NodeKeyHexFlag.Name)
    case file != "":
        if key, err = crypto.LoadECDSA(file); err != nil {
            Fatalf("Option %q: %v", NodeKeyFileFlag.Name, err)
        }
    case hex != "":
        if key, err = crypto.HexToECDSA(hex); err != nil {
            Fatalf("Option %q: %v", NodeKeyHexFlag.Name, err)
        }
    }
    return key
}

// MakeEthConfig creates ethereum options from set command line flags.
func MakeEthConfig(clientID, version string, ctx *cli.Context) *eth.Config {
    customName := ctx.GlobalString(IdentityFlag.Name)
    if len(customName) > 0 {
        clientID += "/" + customName
    }
    am := MakeAccountManager(ctx)
    etherbase, err := ParamToAddress(ctx.GlobalString(EtherbaseFlag.Name), am)
    if err != nil {
        glog.V(logger.Error).Infoln("WARNING: No etherbase set and no accounts found as default")
    }

    cfg := &eth.Config{
        Name:                    common.MakeName(clientID, version),
        DataDir:                 MustDataDir(ctx),
        GenesisNonce:            ctx.GlobalInt(GenesisNonceFlag.Name),
        GenesisFile:             ctx.GlobalString(GenesisFileFlag.Name),
        BlockChainVersion:       ctx.GlobalInt(BlockchainVersionFlag.Name),
        DatabaseCache:           ctx.GlobalInt(CacheFlag.Name),
        SkipBcVersionCheck:      false,
        NetworkId:               ctx.GlobalInt(NetworkIdFlag.Name),
        LogFile:                 ctx.GlobalString(LogFileFlag.Name),
        Verbosity:               ctx.GlobalInt(VerbosityFlag.Name),
        LogJSON:                 ctx.GlobalString(LogJSONFlag.Name),
        Etherbase:               common.HexToAddress(etherbase),
        MinerThreads:            ctx.GlobalInt(MinerThreadsFlag.Name),
        AccountManager:          am,
        VmDebug:                 ctx.GlobalBool(VMDebugFlag.Name),
        MaxPeers:                ctx.GlobalInt(MaxPeersFlag.Name),
        MaxPendingPeers:         ctx.GlobalInt(MaxPendingPeersFlag.Name),
        Port:                    ctx.GlobalString(ListenPortFlag.Name),
        Olympic:                 ctx.GlobalBool(OlympicFlag.Name),
        NAT:                     MakeNAT(ctx),
        NatSpec:                 ctx.GlobalBool(NatspecEnabledFlag.Name),
        Discovery:               !ctx.GlobalBool(NoDiscoverFlag.Name),
        NodeKey:                 MakeNodeKey(ctx),
        Shh:                     ctx.GlobalBool(WhisperEnabledFlag.Name),
        Dial:                    true,
        BootNodes:               ctx.GlobalString(BootnodesFlag.Name),
        GasPrice:                common.String2Big(ctx.GlobalString(GasPriceFlag.Name)),
        GpoMinGasPrice:          common.String2Big(ctx.GlobalString(GpoMinGasPriceFlag.Name)),
        GpoMaxGasPrice:          common.String2Big(ctx.GlobalString(GpoMaxGasPriceFlag.Name)),
        GpoFullBlockRatio:       ctx.GlobalInt(GpoFullBlockRatioFlag.Name),
        GpobaseStepDown:         ctx.GlobalInt(GpobaseStepDownFlag.Name),
        GpobaseStepUp:           ctx.GlobalInt(GpobaseStepUpFlag.Name),
        GpobaseCorrectionFactor: ctx.GlobalInt(GpobaseCorrectionFactorFlag.Name),
        SolcPath:                ctx.GlobalString(SolcPathFlag.Name),
        AutoDAG:                 ctx.GlobalBool(AutoDAGFlag.Name) || ctx.GlobalBool(MiningEnabledFlag.Name),
    }

    if ctx.GlobalBool(DevModeFlag.Name) {
        if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(VMDebugFlag.Name) {
            cfg.VmDebug = true
        }
        if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(MaxPeersFlag.Name) {
            cfg.MaxPeers = 0
        }
        if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(GasPriceFlag.Name) {
            cfg.GasPrice = new(big.Int)
        }
        if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(ListenPortFlag.Name) {
            cfg.Port = "0" // auto port
        }
        if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(WhisperEnabledFlag.Name) {
            cfg.Shh = true
        }
        if !ctx.GlobalIsSet(DataDirFlag.Name) {
            cfg.DataDir = os.TempDir() + "/ethereum_dev_mode"
        }
        cfg.PowTest = true
        cfg.DevMode = true

        glog.V(logger.Info).Infoln("dev mode enabled")
    }

    return cfg
}

// SetupLogger configures glog from the logging-related command line flags.
func SetupLogger(ctx *cli.Context) {
    glog.SetV(ctx.GlobalInt(VerbosityFlag.Name))
    glog.CopyStandardLogTo("INFO")
    glog.SetToStderr(true)
    glog.SetLogDir(ctx.GlobalString(LogFileFlag.Name))
}

// SetupNetwork configures the system for either the main net or some test network.
func SetupNetwork(ctx *cli.Context) {
    switch {
    case ctx.GlobalBool(OlympicFlag.Name):
        params.DurationLimit = big.NewInt(8)
        params.GenesisGasLimit = big.NewInt(3141592)
        params.MinGasLimit = big.NewInt(125000)
        params.MaximumExtraDataSize = big.NewInt(1024)
        NetworkIdFlag.Value = 0
        core.BlockReward = big.NewInt(1.5e+18)
        core.ExpDiffPeriod = big.NewInt(math.MaxInt64)
    }
}

// SetupVM configured the VM package's global settings
func SetupVM(ctx *cli.Context) {
    vm.EnableJit = ctx.GlobalBool(VMEnableJitFlag.Name)
    vm.ForceJit = ctx.GlobalBool(VMForceJitFlag.Name)
    vm.SetJITCacheSize(ctx.GlobalInt(VMJitCacheFlag.Name))
}

// SetupEth configures the eth packages global settings
func SetupEth(ctx *cli.Context) {
    version := ctx.GlobalInt(EthVersionFlag.Name)
    for len(eth.ProtocolVersions) > 0 && eth.ProtocolVersions[0] > uint(version) {
        eth.ProtocolVersions = eth.ProtocolVersions[1:]
        eth.ProtocolLengths = eth.ProtocolLengths[1:]
    }
    if len(eth.ProtocolVersions) == 0 {
        Fatalf("No valid eth protocols remaining")
    }
}

// MakeChain creates a chain manager from set command line flags.
func MakeChain(ctx *cli.Context) (chain *core.BlockChain, chainDb ethdb.Database) {
    datadir := MustDataDir(ctx)
    cache := ctx.GlobalInt(CacheFlag.Name)

    var err error
    if chainDb, err = ethdb.NewLDBDatabase(filepath.Join(datadir, "chaindata"), cache); err != nil {
        Fatalf("Could not open database: %v", err)
    }
    if ctx.GlobalBool(OlympicFlag.Name) {
        _, err := core.WriteTestNetGenesisBlock(chainDb, 42)
        if err != nil {
            glog.Fatalln(err)
        }
    }

    eventMux := new(event.TypeMux)
    pow := ethash.New()
    //genesis := core.GenesisBlock(uint64(ctx.GlobalInt(GenesisNonceFlag.Name)), blockDB)
    chain, err = core.NewBlockChain(chainDb, pow, eventMux)
    if err != nil {
        Fatalf("Could not start chainmanager: %v", err)
    }

    proc := core.NewBlockProcessor(chainDb, pow, chain, eventMux)
    chain.SetProcessor(proc)
    return chain, chainDb
}

// MakeChain creates an account manager from set command line flags.
func MakeAccountManager(ctx *cli.Context) *accounts.Manager {
    dataDir := MustDataDir(ctx)
    ks := crypto.NewKeyStorePassphrase(filepath.Join(dataDir, "keystore"))
    return accounts.NewManager(ks)
}

// MustDataDir retrieves the currently requested data directory, terminating if
// none (or the empty string) is specified.
func MustDataDir(ctx *cli.Context) string {
    if path := ctx.GlobalString(DataDirFlag.Name); path != "" {
        return path
    }
    Fatalf("Cannot determine default data directory, please set manually (--datadir)")
    return ""
}

func IpcSocketPath(ctx *cli.Context) (ipcpath string) {
    if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
        ipcpath = common.DefaultIpcPath()
        if ctx.GlobalIsSet(IPCPathFlag.Name) {
            ipcpath = ctx.GlobalString(IPCPathFlag.Name)
        }
    } else {
        ipcpath = common.DefaultIpcPath()
        if ctx.GlobalIsSet(DataDirFlag.Name) {
            ipcpath = filepath.Join(ctx.GlobalString(DataDirFlag.Name), "geth.ipc")
        }
        if ctx.GlobalIsSet(IPCPathFlag.Name) {
            ipcpath = ctx.GlobalString(IPCPathFlag.Name)
        }
    }

    return
}

func StartIPC(eth *eth.Ethereum, ctx *cli.Context) error {
    config := comms.IpcConfig{
        Endpoint: IpcSocketPath(ctx),
    }

    initializer := func(conn net.Conn) (shared.EthereumApi, error) {
        fe := useragent.NewRemoteFrontend(conn, eth.AccountManager())
        xeth := xeth.New(eth, fe)
        codec := codec.JSON

        apis, err := api.ParseApiString(ctx.GlobalString(IPCApiFlag.Name), codec, xeth, eth)
        if err != nil {
            return nil, err
        }

        return api.Merge(apis...), nil
    }

    return comms.StartIpc(config, codec.JSON, initializer)
}

func StartRPC(eth *eth.Ethereum, ctx *cli.Context) error {
    config := comms.HttpConfig{
        ListenAddress: ctx.GlobalString(RPCListenAddrFlag.Name),
        ListenPort:    uint(ctx.GlobalInt(RPCPortFlag.Name)),
        CorsDomain:    ctx.GlobalString(RPCCORSDomainFlag.Name),
    }

    xeth := xeth.New(eth, nil)
    codec := codec.JSON

    apis, err := api.ParseApiString(ctx.GlobalString(RpcApiFlag.Name), codec, xeth, eth)
    if err != nil {
        return err
    }

    return comms.StartHttp(config, codec, api.Merge(apis...))
}

func StartPProf(ctx *cli.Context) {
    address := fmt.Sprintf("localhost:%d", ctx.GlobalInt(PProfPortFlag.Name))
    go func() {
        log.Println(http.ListenAndServe(address, nil))
    }()
}

func ParamToAddress(addr string, am *accounts.Manager) (addrHex string, err error) {
    if !((len(addr) == 40) || (len(addr) == 42)) { // with or without 0x
        index, err := strconv.Atoi(addr)
        if err != nil {
            Fatalf("Invalid account address '%s'", addr)
        }

        addrHex, err = am.AddressByIndex(index)
        if err != nil {
            return "", err
        }
    } else {
        addrHex = addr
    }
    return
}