Structural gas estimator.

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diff --git a/StructuralGasEstimator.cpp b/StructuralGasEstimator.cpp
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+/*
+	This file is part of cpp-ethereum.
+
+	cpp-ethereum is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+	it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+	the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+	(at your option) any later version.
+
+	cpp-ethereum is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+	but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+	MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+	GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+	You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+	along with cpp-ethereum.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*/
+/**
+ * @author Christian <c@ethdev.com>
+ * @date 2015
+ * Gas consumption estimator working alongside the AST.
+ */
+
+#include "StructuralGasEstimator.h"
+#include <map>
+#include <functional>
+#include <libsolidity/AST.h>
+#include <libsolidity/ASTVisitor.h>
+
+using namespace std;
+using namespace dev;
+using namespace dev::eth;
+using namespace dev::solidity;
+
+map<ASTNode const*, GasMeter::GasConsumption[2]> StructuralGasEstimator::performEstimation(
+	AssemblyItems const& _items,
+	vector<ASTNode const*> const& _ast
+)
+{
+	map<SourceLocation, GasMeter::GasConsumption> particularCosts;
+	GasMeter meter;
+
+	for (auto const& item: _items)
+		particularCosts[item.getLocation()] += meter.estimateMax(item);
+
+	map<ASTNode const*, GasMeter::GasConsumption[2]> gasCosts;
+	auto onNode = [&](ASTNode const& _node)
+	{
+		gasCosts[&_node][0] = gasCosts[&_node][1] = particularCosts[_node.getLocation()];
+		return true;
+	};
+	auto onEdge = [&](ASTNode const& _parent, ASTNode const& _child)
+	{
+		gasCosts[&_parent][1] += gasCosts[&_child][1];
+	};
+	ASTReduce folder(onNode, onEdge);
+	for (ASTNode const* ast: _ast)
+		ast->accept(folder);
+
+	return gasCosts;
+}
+
+map<ASTNode const*, GasMeter::GasConsumption> StructuralGasEstimator::breakToStatementLevel(
+	map<ASTNode const*, GasMeter::GasConsumption[2]> const& _gasCosts,
+	vector<ASTNode const*> const& _roots
+)
+{
+	// first pass: statementDepth[node] is the distance from the deepend statement to node
+	// in direction of the tree root (or undefined if not possible)
+	map<ASTNode const*, int> statementDepth;
+	auto onNodeFirstPass = [&](ASTNode const& _node)
+	{
+		if (dynamic_cast<Statement const*>(&_node))
+			statementDepth[&_node] = 0;
+		return true;
+	};
+	auto onEdgeFirstPass = [&](ASTNode const& _parent, ASTNode const& _child)
+	{
+		if (statementDepth.count(&_child))
+			statementDepth[&_parent] = max(statementDepth[&_parent], statementDepth[&_child] + 1);
+	};
+	ASTReduce firstPass(onNodeFirstPass, onEdgeFirstPass);
+	for (ASTNode const* node: _roots)
+		node->accept(firstPass);
+
+	// we use the location of a node if
+	//  - its statement depth is 0 or
+	//  - its statement depth is undefined but the parent's statement depth is at least 1
+	map<ASTNode const*, GasMeter::GasConsumption> gasCosts;
+	auto onNodeSecondPass = [&](ASTNode const& _node)
+	{
+		return statementDepth.count(&_node);
+	};
+	auto onEdgeSecondPass = [&](ASTNode const& _parent, ASTNode const& _child)
+	{
+		bool useNode = false;
+		if (statementDepth.count(&_child))
+			useNode = statementDepth[&_child] == 0;
+		else
+			useNode = statementDepth.count(&_parent) && statementDepth.at(&_parent) > 0;
+		if (useNode)
+			gasCosts[&_child] = _gasCosts.at(&_child)[1];
+	};
+	ASTReduce secondPass(onNodeSecondPass, onEdgeSecondPass);
+	for (ASTNode const* node: _roots)
+		node->accept(secondPass);
+	// gasCosts should only contain non-overlapping locations
+	return gasCosts;
+}