path: root/test/libsolidity/SolidityEndToEndTest.cpp

/*
    This file is part of solidity.

    solidity is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
    (at your option) any later version.

    solidity is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    GNU General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with solidity.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
/**
 * @author Christian <c@ethdev.com>
 * @author Gav Wood <g@ethdev.com>
 * @date 2014
 * Unit tests for the solidity expression compiler, testing the behaviour of the code.
 */

#include <test/libsolidity/SolidityExecutionFramework.h>

#include <test/Options.h>

#include <libsolidity/interface/Exceptions.h>
#include <libsolidity/interface/EVMVersion.h>

#include <libevmasm/Assembly.h>

#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>

#include <functional>
#include <string>
#include <tuple>

using namespace std;
using namespace std::placeholders;
using namespace dev::test;

namespace dev
{
namespace solidity
{
namespace test
{

BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_SUITE(SolidityEndToEndTest, SolidityExecutionFramework)

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(transaction_status)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public { }
            function g() public { revert(); }
            function h() public { assert(false); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("f()");
    BOOST_CHECK(m_transactionSuccessful);
    callContractFunction("g()");
    BOOST_CHECK(!m_transactionSuccessful);
    callContractFunction("h()");
    BOOST_CHECK(!m_transactionSuccessful);
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(smoke_test)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint a) public returns(uint d) { return a * 7; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", [](u256 const& a) -> u256 { return a * 7; }, 0, 100);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(empty_contract)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test { }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("i_am_not_there()", bytes()).empty());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(exp_operator)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint a) public returns(uint d) { return 2 ** a; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", [](u256 const& a) -> u256 { return u256(1 << a.convert_to<int>()); }, 0, 16);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(exp_operator_const)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public returns(uint d) { return 2 ** 3; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(8)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(exp_operator_const_signed)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public returns(int d) { return (-2) ** 3; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(-8)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(exp_zero)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint a) public returns(uint d) { return a ** 0; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", [](u256 const&) -> u256 { return u256(1); }, 0, 16);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(exp_zero_literal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public returns(uint d) { return 0 ** 0; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(1)));
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_true_literal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public returns(uint d) {
                return true ? 5 : 10;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(5)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_false_literal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public returns(uint d) {
                return false ? 5 : 10;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(10)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_multiple)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint x) public returns(uint d) {
                return x > 100 ?
                            x > 1000 ? 1000 : 100
                            :
                            x > 50 ? 50 : 10;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(1001)), toBigEndian(u256(1000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(500)), toBigEndian(u256(100)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(80)), toBigEndian(u256(50)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(40)), toBigEndian(u256(10)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_with_return_values)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(bool cond, uint v) public returns (uint a, uint b) {
                cond ? a = v : b = v;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool,uint256)", true, u256(20)), encodeArgs(u256(20), u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool,uint256)", false, u256(20)), encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(20)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_storage_memory_1)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            bytes2[2] data1;
            function f(bool cond) public returns (uint) {
                bytes2[2] memory x;
                x[0] = "aa";
                bytes2[2] memory y;
                y[0] = "bb";

                data1 = cond ? x : y;

                uint ret = 0;
                if (data1[0] == "aa")
                {
                    ret = 1;
                }

                if (data1[0] == "bb")
                {
                    ret = 2;
                }

                return ret;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_storage_memory_2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            bytes2[2] data1;
            function f(bool cond) public returns (uint) {
                data1[0] = "cc";

                bytes2[2] memory x;
                bytes2[2] memory y;
                y[0] = "bb";

                x = cond ? y : data1;

                uint ret = 0;
                if (x[0] == "bb")
                {
                    ret = 1;
                }

                if (x[0] == "cc")
                {
                    ret = 2;
                }

                return ret;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_different_types)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(bool cond) public returns (uint) {
                uint8 x = 0xcd;
                uint16 y = 0xabab;
                return cond ? x : y;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(u256(0xcd)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(u256(0xabab)));
}

/* let's add this back when I figure out the correct type conversion.
BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_string_literal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(bool cond) public returns (bytes32) {
                return cond ? "true" : "false";
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(string("true", 4)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(string("false", 5)));
}
*/

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_tuples)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(bool cond) public returns (uint, uint) {
                return cond ? (1, 2) : (3, 4);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(u256(3), u256(4)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(conditional_expression_functions)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function x() public returns (uint) { return 1; }
            function y() public returns (uint) { return 2; }

            function f(bool cond) public returns (uint) {
                function () returns (uint) z = cond ? x : y;
                return z();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(c99_scoping_activation)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() pure public returns (uint) {
                uint x = 7;
                {
                    x = 3; // This should still assign to the outer variable
                    uint x;
                    x = 4; // This should assign to the new one
                }
                return x;
            }
            function g() pure public returns (uint x) {
                x = 7;
                {
                    x = 3;
                    uint x;
                    return x; // This returns the new variable, i.e. 0
                }
            }
            function h() pure public returns (uint x, uint a, uint b) {
                x = 7;
                {
                    x = 3;
                    a = x; // This should read from the outer
                    uint x = 4;
                    b = x;
                }
            }
            function i() pure public returns (uint x, uint a) {
                x = 7;
                {
                    x = 3;
                    uint x = x; // This should read from the outer and assign to the inner
                    a = x;
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(3, 3, 4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("i()"), encodeArgs(3, 3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(recursive_calls)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint n) public returns(uint nfac) {
                if (n <= 1) return 1;
                else return n * f(n - 1);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    function<u256(u256)> recursive_calls_cpp = [&recursive_calls_cpp](u256 const& n) -> u256
    {
        if (n <= 1)
            return 1;
        else
            return n * recursive_calls_cpp(n - 1);
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", recursive_calls_cpp, 0, 5);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multiple_functions)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a() public returns(uint n) { return 0; }
            function b() public returns(uint n) { return 1; }
            function c() public returns(uint n) { return 2; }
            function f() public returns(uint n) { return 3; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("c()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(3)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("i_am_not_there()", bytes()), bytes());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(named_args)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a(uint a, uint b, uint c) public returns (uint r) { r = a * 100 + b * 10 + c * 1; }
            function b() public returns (uint r) { r = a({a: 1, b: 2, c: 3}); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(123)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(disorder_named_args)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a(uint a, uint b, uint c) public returns (uint r) { r = a * 100 + b * 10 + c * 1; }
            function b() public returns (uint r) { r = a({c: 3, a: 1, b: 2}); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b()", bytes()), toBigEndian(u256(123)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(while_loop)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint n) public returns(uint nfac) {
                nfac = 1;
                uint i = 2;
                while (i <= n) nfac *= i++;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto while_loop_cpp = [](u256 const& n) -> u256
    {
        u256 nfac = 1;
        u256 i = 2;
        while (i <= n)
            nfac *= i++;

        return nfac;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", while_loop_cpp, 0, 5);
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(do_while_loop)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint n) public returns(uint nfac) {
                nfac = 1;
                uint i = 2;
                do { nfac *= i++; } while (i <= n);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto do_while_loop_cpp = [](u256 const& n) -> u256
    {
        u256 nfac = 1;
        u256 i = 2;
        do
        {
            nfac *= i++;
        }
        while (i <= n);

        return nfac;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", do_while_loop_cpp, 0, 5);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(do_while_loop_continue)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public pure returns(uint r) {
                uint i = 0;
                do
                {
                    if (i > 0) return 0;
                    i++;
                    continue;
                } while (false);
                return 42;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(42));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_multiple_local_vars)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint256[] calldata seq) external pure returns (uint256) {
                uint i = 0;
                uint sum = 0;
                while (i < seq.length)
                {
                    uint idx = i;
                    if (idx >= 10) break;
                    uint x = seq[idx];
                    if (x >= 1000) {
                        uint n = i + 1;
                        i = n;
                        continue;
                    }
                    else {
                        uint y = sum + x;
                        sum = y;
                    }
                    if (sum >= 500) return sum;
                    i++;
                }
                return sum;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256[])", 32, 3, u256(1000), u256(1), u256(2)), encodeArgs(3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256[])", 32, 3, u256(100), u256(500), u256(300)), encodeArgs(600));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction(
        "f(uint256[])", 32, 11,
        u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4), u256(5), u256(6), u256(7), u256(8), u256(9), u256(10), u256(111)
        ), encodeArgs(55));
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(do_while_loop_multiple_local_vars)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint x) public pure returns(uint r) {
                uint i = 0;
                do
                {
                    uint z = x * 2;
                    if (z < 4) break;
                    else {
                        uint k = z + 1;
                        if (k < 8) {
                            x++;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                    if (z > 12) return 0;
                    x++;
                    i++;
                } while (true);
                return 42;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto do_while = [](u256 n) -> u256
    {
        u256 i = 0;
        do
        {
            u256 z = n * 2;
            if (z < 4) break;
            else {
                u256 k = z + 1;
                if (k < 8) {
                    n++;
                    continue;
                }
            }
            if (z > 12) return 0;
            n++;
            i++;
        } while (true);
        return 42;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", do_while, 0, 12);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(nested_loops)
{
    // tests that break and continue statements in nested loops jump to the correct place
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint x) public returns(uint y) {
                while (x > 1) {
                    if (x == 10) break;
                    while (x > 5) {
                        if (x == 8) break;
                        x--;
                        if (x == 6) continue;
                        return x;
                    }
                    x--;
                    if (x == 3) continue;
                    break;
                }
                return x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto nested_loops_cpp = [](u256 n) -> u256
    {
        while (n > 1)
        {
            if (n == 10)
                break;
            while (n > 5)
            {
                if (n == 8)
                    break;
                n--;
                if (n == 6)
                    continue;
                return n;
            }
            n--;
            if (n == 3)
                continue;
            break;
        }

        return n;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", nested_loops_cpp, 0, 12);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(nested_loops_multiple_local_vars)
{
    // tests that break and continue statements in nested loops jump to the correct place
    // and free local variables properly
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint x) public returns(uint y) {
                while (x > 0) {
                    uint z = x + 10;
                    uint k = z + 1;
                    if (k > 20) {
                        break;
                        uint p = 100;
                        k += p;
                    }
                    if (k > 15) {
                        x--;
                        continue;
                        uint t = 1000;
                        x += t;
                    }
                    while (k > 10) {
                        uint m = k - 1;
                        if (m == 10) return x;
                        return k;
                        uint h = 10000;
                        z += h;
                    }
                    x--;
                    break;
                }
                return x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto nested_loops_cpp = [](u256 n) -> u256
    {
        while (n > 0)
        {
            u256 z = n + 10;
            u256 k = z + 1;
            if (k > 20) break;
            if (k > 15) {
                n--;
                continue;
            }
            while (k > 10)
            {
                u256 m = k - 1;
                if (m == 10) return n;
                return k;
            }
            n--;
            break;
        }

        return n;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", nested_loops_cpp, 0, 12);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(for_loop_multiple_local_vars)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint x) public pure returns(uint r) {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 12; i++)
                {
                    uint z = x + 1;
                    if (z < 4) break;
                    else {
                        uint k = z * 2;
                        if (i + k < 10) {
                            x++;
                            continue;
                        }
                    }
                    if (z > 8) return 0;
                    x++;
                }
                return 42;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto for_loop = [](u256 n) -> u256
    {
        for (u256 i = 0; i < 12; i++)
        {
            u256 z = n + 1;
            if (z < 4) break;
            else {
                u256 k = z * 2;
                if (i + k < 10) {
                    n++;
                    continue;
                }
            }
            if (z > 8) return 0;
            n++;
        }
        return 42;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", for_loop, 0, 12);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(nested_for_loop_multiple_local_vars)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint x) public pure returns(uint r) {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 5; i++)
                {
                    uint z = x + 1;
                    if (z < 3) {
                        break;
                        uint p = z + 2;
                    }
                    for (uint j = 0; j < 5; j++)
                    {
                        uint k = z * 2;
                        if (j + k < 8) {
                            x++;
                            continue;
                            uint t = z * 3;
                        }
                        x++;
                        if (x > 20) {
                            return 84;
                            uint h = x + 42;
                        }
                    }
                    if (x > 30) {
                        return 42;
                        uint b = 0xcafe;
                    }
                }
                return 42;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto for_loop = [](u256 n) -> u256
    {
        for (u256 i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            u256 z = n + 1;
            if (z < 3) break;
            for (u256 j = 0; j < 5; j++)
            {
                u256 k = z * 2;
                if (j + k < 8) {
                    n++;
                    continue;
                }
                n++;
                if (n > 20) return 84;
            }
            if (n > 30) return 42;
        }
        return 42;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", for_loop, 0, 12);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(for_loop)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint n) public returns(uint nfac) {
                nfac = 1;
                uint i;
                for (i = 2; i <= n; i++)
                    nfac *= i;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto for_loop_cpp = [](u256 const& n) -> u256
    {
        u256 nfac = 1;
        for (auto i = 2; i <= n; i++)
            nfac *= i;
        return nfac;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", for_loop_cpp, 0, 5);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(for_loop_empty)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public returns(uint ret) {
                ret = 1;
                for (;;) {
                    ret += 1;
                    if (ret >= 10) break;
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto for_loop_empty_cpp = []() -> u256
    {
        u256 ret = 1;
        for (;;)
        {
            ret += 1;
            if (ret >= 10) break;
        }
        return ret;
    };

    testContractAgainstCpp("f()", for_loop_empty_cpp);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(for_loop_simple_init_expr)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint n) public returns(uint nfac) {
                nfac = 1;
                uint256 i;
                for (i = 2; i <= n; i++)
                    nfac *= i;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto for_loop_simple_init_expr_cpp = [](u256 const& n) -> u256
    {
        u256 nfac = 1;
        u256 i;
        for (i = 2; i <= n; i++)
            nfac *= i;
        return nfac;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", for_loop_simple_init_expr_cpp, 0, 5);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(for_loop_break_continue)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint n) public returns (uint r)
            {
                uint i = 1;
                uint k = 0;
                for (i *= 5; k < n; i *= 7)
                {
                    k++;
                    i += 4;
                    if (n % 3 == 0)
                        break;
                    i += 9;
                    if (n % 2 == 0)
                        continue;
                    i += 19;
                }
                return i;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto breakContinue = [](u256 const& n) -> u256
    {
        u256 i = 1;
        u256 k = 0;
        for (i *= 5; k < n; i *= 7)
        {
            k++;
            i += 4;
            if (n % 3 == 0)
                break;
            i += 9;
            if (n % 2 == 0)
                continue;
            i += 19;
        }
        return i;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", breakContinue, 0, 10);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(calling_other_functions)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract collatz {
            function run(uint x) public returns(uint y) {
                while ((y = x) > 1) {
                    if (x % 2 == 0) x = evenStep(x);
                    else x = oddStep(x);
                }
            }
            function evenStep(uint x) public returns(uint y) {
                return x / 2;
            }
            function oddStep(uint x) public returns(uint y) {
                return 3 * x + 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto evenStep_cpp = [](u256 const& n) -> u256
    {
        return n / 2;
    };

    auto oddStep_cpp = [](u256 const& n) -> u256
    {
        return 3 * n + 1;
    };

    auto collatz_cpp = [&evenStep_cpp, &oddStep_cpp](u256 n) -> u256
    {
        u256 y;
        while ((y = n) > 1)
        {
            if (n % 2 == 0)
                n = evenStep_cpp(n);
            else
                n = oddStep_cpp(n);
        }
        return y;
    };

    testContractAgainstCpp("run(uint256)", collatz_cpp, u256(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("run(uint256)", collatz_cpp, u256(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("run(uint256)", collatz_cpp, u256(2));
    testContractAgainstCpp("run(uint256)", collatz_cpp, u256(8));
    testContractAgainstCpp("run(uint256)", collatz_cpp, u256(127));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(many_local_variables)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function run(uint x1, uint x2, uint x3) public returns(uint y) {
                uint8 a = 0x1; uint8 b = 0x10; uint16 c = 0x100;
                y = a + b + c + x1 + x2 + x3;
                y += b + x2;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto f = [](u256 const& x1, u256 const& x2, u256 const& x3) -> u256
    {
        u256 a = 0x1;
        u256 b = 0x10;
        u256 c = 0x100;
        u256 y = a + b + c + x1 + x2 + x3;
        return y + b + x2;
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("run(uint256,uint256,uint256)", f, u256(0x1000), u256(0x10000), u256(0x100000));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packing_unpacking_types)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function run(bool a, uint32 b, uint64 c) public returns(uint256 y) {
                if (a) y = 1;
                y = y * 0x100000000 | ~b;
                y = y * 0x10000000000000000 | ~c;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("run(bool,uint32,uint64)", true, fromHex("0f0f0f0f"), fromHex("f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0")),
        fromHex("00000000000000000000000000000000000000""01""f0f0f0f0""0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f")
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packing_signed_types)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function run() public returns(int8 y) {
                uint8 x = 0xfa;
                return int8(x);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("run()"),
        fromHex("fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffa")
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multiple_return_values)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function run(bool x1, uint x2) public returns(uint y1, bool y2, uint y3) {
                y1 = x2; y2 = x1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("run(bool,uint256)", true, 0xcd), encodeArgs(0xcd, true, 0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(short_circuiting)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function run(uint x) public returns(uint y) {
                x == 0 || ((x = 8) > 0);
                return x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    auto short_circuiting_cpp = [](u256 n) -> u256
    {
        (void)(n == 0 || (n = 8) > 0);
        return n;
    };

    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("run(uint256)", short_circuiting_cpp, 0, 2);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(high_bits_cleaning)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function run() public returns(uint256 y) {
                uint32 t = uint32(0xffffffff);
                uint32 x = t + 10;
                if (x >= 0xffffffff) return 0;
                return x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto high_bits_cleaning_cpp = []() -> u256
    {
        uint32_t t = uint32_t(0xffffffff);
        uint32_t x = t + 10;
        if (x >= 0xffffffff)
            return 0;
        return x;
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("run()", high_bits_cleaning_cpp);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(sign_extension)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function run() public returns(uint256 y) {
                int64 x = -int32(0xff);
                if (x >= 0xff) return 0;
                return -uint256(x);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto sign_extension_cpp = []() -> u256
    {
        int64_t x = -int32_t(0xff);
        if (x >= 0xff)
            return 0;
        return u256(x) * -1;
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("run()", sign_extension_cpp);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(small_unsigned_types)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function run() public returns(uint256 y) {
                uint32 t = uint32(0xffffff);
                uint32 x = t * 0xffffff;
                return x / 0x100;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto small_unsigned_types_cpp = []() -> u256
    {
        uint32_t t = uint32_t(0xffffff);
        uint32_t x = t * 0xffffff;
        return x / 0x100;
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("run()", small_unsigned_types_cpp);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(small_signed_types)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function run() public returns(int256 y) {
                return -int32(10) * -int64(20);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto small_signed_types_cpp = []() -> u256
    {
        return -int32_t(10) * -int64_t(20);
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("run()", small_signed_types_cpp);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(strings)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function fixedBytes() public returns(bytes32 ret) {
                return "abc\x00\xff__";
            }
            function pipeThrough(bytes2 small, bool one) public returns(bytes16 large, bool oneRet) {
                oneRet = one;
                large = small;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fixedBytes()"), encodeArgs(string("abc\0\xff__", 7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("pipeThrough(bytes2,bool)", string("\0\x02", 2), true), encodeArgs(string("\0\x2", 2), true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inc_dec_operators)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            uint8 x;
            uint v;
            function f() public returns (uint r) {
                uint a = 6;
                r = a;
                r += (a++) * 0x10;
                r += (++a) * 0x100;
                v = 3;
                r += (v++) * 0x1000;
                r += (++v) * 0x10000;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0x53866));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_comparison)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                bytes2 a = "a";
                bytes2 x = "aa";
                bytes2 b = "b";
                return a < x && x < b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(state_smoke_test)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            uint256 value1;
            uint256 value2;
            function get(uint8 which) public returns (uint256 value) {
                if (which == 0) return value1;
                else return value2;
            }
            function set(uint8 which, uint256 value) public {
                if (which == 0) value1 = value;
                else value2 = value;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x00)), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x01)), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint256)", byte(0x00), 0x1234), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint256)", byte(0x01), 0x8765), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte( 0x00)), encodeArgs(0x1234));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x01)), encodeArgs(0x8765));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint256)", byte(0x00), 0x3), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x00)), encodeArgs(0x3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(compound_assign)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            uint value1;
            uint value2;
            function f(uint x, uint y) public returns (uint w) {
                uint value3 = y;
                value1 += x;
                value3 *= x;
                value2 *= value3 + value1;
                return value2 += 7;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    u256 value1;
    u256 value2;
    auto f = [&](u256 const& _x, u256 const& _y) -> u256
    {
        u256 value3 = _y;
        value1 += _x;
        value3 *= _x;
        value2 *= value3 + value1;
        return value2 += 7;
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256)", f, u256(0), u256(6));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256)", f, u256(1), u256(3));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256)", f, u256(2), u256(25));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256)", f, u256(3), u256(69));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256)", f, u256(4), u256(84));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256)", f, u256(5), u256(2));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256)", f, u256(6), u256(51));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256)", f, u256(7), u256(48));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(simple_mapping)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) table;
            function get(uint8 k) public returns (uint8 v) {
                return table[k];
            }
            function set(uint8 k, uint8 v) public {
                table[k] = v;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0)), encodeArgs(byte(0x00)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x01)), encodeArgs(byte(0x00)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0xa7)), encodeArgs(byte(0x00)));
    callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint8)", byte(0x01), byte(0xa1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x00)), encodeArgs(byte(0x00)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x01)), encodeArgs(byte(0xa1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0xa7)), encodeArgs(byte(0x00)));
    callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint8)", byte(0x00), byte(0xef));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x00)), encodeArgs(byte(0xef)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x01)), encodeArgs(byte(0xa1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0xa7)), encodeArgs(byte(0x00)));
    callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint8)", byte(0x01), byte(0x05));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x00)), encodeArgs(byte(0xef)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0x01)), encodeArgs(byte(0x05)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(0xa7)), encodeArgs(byte(0x00)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_state)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Ballot {
            mapping(address => bool) canVote;
            mapping(address => uint) voteCount;
            mapping(address => bool) voted;
            function getVoteCount(address addr) public returns (uint retVoteCount) {
                return voteCount[addr];
            }
            function grantVoteRight(address addr) public {
                canVote[addr] = true;
            }
            function vote(address voter, address vote) public returns (bool success) {
                if (!canVote[voter] || voted[voter]) return false;
                voted[voter] = true;
                voteCount[vote] = voteCount[vote] + 1;
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    class Ballot
    {
    public:
        u256 getVoteCount(u160 _address) { return m_voteCount[_address]; }
        void grantVoteRight(u160 _address) { m_canVote[_address] = true; }
        bool vote(u160 _voter, u160 _vote)
        {
            if (!m_canVote[_voter] || m_voted[_voter]) return false;
            m_voted[_voter] = true;
            m_voteCount[_vote]++;
            return true;
        }
    private:
        map<u160, bool> m_canVote;
        map<u160, u256> m_voteCount;
        map<u160, bool> m_voted;
    } ballot;

    auto getVoteCount = bind(&Ballot::getVoteCount, &ballot, _1);
    auto grantVoteRight = bind(&Ballot::grantVoteRight, &ballot, _1);
    auto vote = bind(&Ballot::vote, &ballot, _1, _2);
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(2));
    // voting without vote right should be rejected
    testContractAgainstCpp("vote(address,address)", vote, u160(0), u160(2));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(2));
    // grant vote rights
    testContractAgainstCpp("grantVoteRight(address)", grantVoteRight, u160(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("grantVoteRight(address)", grantVoteRight, u160(1));
    // vote, should increase 2's vote count
    testContractAgainstCpp("vote(address,address)", vote, u160(0), u160(2));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(2));
    // vote again, should be rejected
    testContractAgainstCpp("vote(address,address)", vote, u160(0), u160(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(2));
    // vote without right to vote
    testContractAgainstCpp("vote(address,address)", vote, u160(2), u160(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(2));
    // grant vote right and now vote again
    testContractAgainstCpp("grantVoteRight(address)", grantVoteRight, u160(2));
    testContractAgainstCpp("vote(address,address)", vote, u160(2), u160(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(1));
    testContractAgainstCpp("getVoteCount(address)", getVoteCount, u160(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_state_inc_dec)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            uint value;
            mapping(uint => uint) table;
            function f(uint x) public returns (uint y) {
                value = x;
                if (x > 0) table[++value] = 8;
                if (x > 1) value--;
                if (x > 2) table[value]++;
                return --table[value++];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    u256 value = 0;
    map<u256, u256> table;
    auto f = [&](u256 const& _x) -> u256
    {
        value = _x;
        if (_x > 0)
            table[++value] = 8;
        if (_x > 1)
            value --;
        if (_x > 2)
            table[value]++;
        return --table[value++];
    };
    testContractAgainstCppOnRange("f(uint256)", f, 0, 5);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multi_level_mapping)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint => mapping(uint => uint)) table;
            function f(uint x, uint y, uint z) public returns (uint w) {
                if (z == 0) return table[x][y];
                else return table[x][y] = z;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    map<u256, map<u256, u256>> table;
    auto f = [&](u256 const& _x, u256 const& _y, u256 const& _z) -> u256
    {
        if (_z == 0) return table[_x][_y];
        else return table[_x][_y] = _z;
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256,uint256)", f, u256(4), u256(5), u256(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256,uint256)", f, u256(5), u256(4), u256(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256,uint256)", f, u256(4), u256(5), u256(9));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256,uint256)", f, u256(4), u256(5), u256(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256,uint256)", f, u256(5), u256(4), u256(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256,uint256)", f, u256(5), u256(4), u256(7));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256,uint256)", f, u256(4), u256(5), u256(0));
    testContractAgainstCpp("f(uint256,uint256,uint256)", f, u256(5), u256(4), u256(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_local_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) m1;
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) m2;
            function f() public returns (uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8) {
                mapping(uint8 => uint8) storage m = m1;
                m[1] = 42;

                m = m2;
                m[2] = 21;

                return (m1[1], m1[2], m2[1], m2[2]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(byte(42), byte(0), byte(0), byte(21)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_local_tuple_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) m1;
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) m2;
            function f() public returns (uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8) {
                mapping(uint8 => uint8) storage m = m1;
                m[1] = 42;

                uint8 v;
                (m, v) = (m2, 21);
                m[2] = v;

                return (m1[1], m1[2], m2[1], m2[2]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(byte(42), byte(0), byte(0), byte(21)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_local_compound_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) m1;
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) m2;
            function f() public returns (uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8) {
                mapping(uint8 => uint8) storage m = m1;
                m[1] = 42;

                (m = m2)[2] = 21;

                return (m1[1], m1[2], m2[1], m2[2]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(byte(42), byte(0), byte(0), byte(21)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_internal_argument)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) a;
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) b;
            function set_internal(mapping(uint8 => uint8) storage m, uint8 key, uint8 value) internal returns (uint8) {
                uint8 oldValue = m[key];
                m[key] = value;
                return oldValue;
            }
            function set(uint8 key, uint8 value_a, uint8 value_b) public returns (uint8 old_a, uint8 old_b) {
                old_a = set_internal(a, key, value_a);
                old_b = set_internal(b, key, value_b);
            }
            function get(uint8 key) public returns (uint8, uint8) {
                return (a[key], b[key]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint8,uint8)", byte(1), byte(21), byte(42)), encodeArgs(byte(0), byte(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(1)), encodeArgs(byte(21), byte(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint8,uint8)", byte(1), byte(10), byte(11)), encodeArgs(byte(21), byte(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(1)), encodeArgs(byte(10), byte(11)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_array_internal_argument)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint8 => uint8)[2] a;
            mapping(uint8 => uint8)[2] b;
            function set_internal(mapping(uint8 => uint8)[2] storage m, uint8 key, uint8 value1, uint8 value2) internal returns (uint8, uint8) {
                uint8 oldValue1 = m[0][key];
                uint8 oldValue2 = m[1][key];
                m[0][key] = value1;
                m[1][key] = value2;
                return (oldValue1, oldValue2);
            }
            function set(uint8 key, uint8 value_a1, uint8 value_a2, uint8 value_b1, uint8 value_b2) public returns (uint8 old_a1, uint8 old_a2, uint8 old_b1, uint8 old_b2) {
                (old_a1, old_a2) = set_internal(a, key, value_a1, value_a2);
                (old_b1, old_b2) = set_internal(b, key, value_b1, value_b2);
            }
            function get(uint8 key) public returns (uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8) {
                return (a[0][key], a[1][key], b[0][key], b[1][key]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint8,uint8,uint8,uint8)", byte(1), byte(21), byte(22), byte(42), byte(43)), encodeArgs(byte(0), byte(0), byte(0), byte(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(1)), encodeArgs(byte(21), byte(22), byte(42), byte(43)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint8,uint8,uint8,uint8,uint8)", byte(1), byte(10), byte(30), byte(11), byte(31)), encodeArgs(byte(21), byte(22), byte(42), byte(43)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint8)", byte(1)), encodeArgs(byte(10), byte(30), byte(11), byte(31)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_internal_return)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) a;
            mapping(uint8 => uint8) b;
            function f() internal returns (mapping(uint8 => uint8) storage r) {
                r = a;
                r[1] = 42;
                r = b;
                r[1] = 84;
            }
            function g() public returns (uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8) {
                f()[2] = 21;
                return (a[0], a[1], a[2], b[0], b[1], b[2]);
            }
            function h() public returns (uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8) {
                mapping(uint8 => uint8) storage m = f();
                m[2] = 17;
                return (a[0], a[1], a[2], b[0], b[1], b[2]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(byte(0), byte(42), byte(0), byte(0), byte(84), byte (21)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(byte(0), byte(42), byte(0), byte(0), byte(84), byte (17)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(structs)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            struct s1 {
                uint8 x;
                bool y;
            }
            struct s2 {
                uint32 z;
                s1 s1data;
                mapping(uint8 => s2) recursive;
            }
            s2 data;
            function check() public returns (bool ok) {
                return data.z == 1 && data.s1data.x == 2 &&
                    data.s1data.y == true &&
                    data.recursive[3].recursive[4].z == 5 &&
                    data.recursive[4].recursive[3].z == 6 &&
                    data.recursive[0].s1data.y == false &&
                    data.recursive[4].z == 9;
            }
            function set() public {
                data.z = 1;
                data.s1data.x = 2;
                data.s1data.y = true;
                data.recursive[3].recursive[4].z = 5;
                data.recursive[4].recursive[3].z = 6;
                data.recursive[0].s1data.y = false;
                data.recursive[4].z = 9;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check()"), encodeArgs(false));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set()"), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_reference)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            struct s2 {
                uint32 z;
                mapping(uint8 => s2) recursive;
            }
            s2 data;
            function check() public returns (bool ok) {
                return data.z == 2 &&
                    data.recursive[0].z == 3 &&
                    data.recursive[0].recursive[1].z == 0 &&
                    data.recursive[0].recursive[0].z == 1;
            }
            function set() public {
                data.z = 2;
                mapping(uint8 => s2) storage map = data.recursive;
                s2 storage inner = map[0];
                inner.z = 3;
                inner.recursive[0].z = inner.recursive[1].z + 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check()"), encodeArgs(false));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set()"), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(deleteStruct)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            struct topStruct {
                nestedStruct nstr;
                uint topValue;
                mapping (uint => uint) topMapping;
            }
            uint toDelete;
            topStruct str;
            struct nestedStruct {
                uint nestedValue;
                mapping (uint => bool) nestedMapping;
            }
            constructor() public {
                toDelete = 5;
                str.topValue = 1;
                str.topMapping[0] = 1;
                str.topMapping[1] = 2;

                str.nstr.nestedValue = 2;
                str.nstr.nestedMapping[0] = true;
                str.nstr.nestedMapping[1] = false;
                delete str;
                delete toDelete;
            }
            function getToDelete() public returns (uint res){
                res = toDelete;
            }
            function getTopValue() public returns(uint topValue){
                topValue = str.topValue;
            }
            function getNestedValue() public returns(uint nestedValue){
                nestedValue = str.nstr.nestedValue;
            }
            function getTopMapping(uint index) public returns(uint ret) {
                ret = str.topMapping[index];
            }
            function getNestedMapping(uint index) public returns(bool ret) {
                return str.nstr.nestedMapping[index];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getToDelete()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getTopValue()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getNestedValue()"), encodeArgs(0));
    // mapping values should be the same
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getTopMapping(uint256)", 0), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getTopMapping(uint256)", 1), encodeArgs(2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getNestedMapping(uint256)", 0), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getNestedMapping(uint256)", 1), encodeArgs(false));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(deleteLocal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function delLocal() public returns (uint res){
                uint v = 5;
                delete v;
                res = v;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("delLocal()"), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(deleteLocals)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function delLocal() public returns (uint res1, uint res2){
                uint v = 5;
                uint w = 6;
                uint x = 7;
                delete v;
                res1 = w;
                res2 = x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("delLocal()"), encodeArgs(6, 7));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint => uint) data;
            constructor() public {
                data[7] = 8;
            }
            function get(uint key) public returns (uint value) {
                return data[key];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    map<u256, byte> data;
    data[7] = 8;
    auto get = [&](u256 const& _x) -> u256
    {
        return data[_x];
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("get(uint256)", get, u256(6));
    testContractAgainstCpp("get(uint256)", get, u256(7));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(simple_accessor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            uint256 public data;
            constructor() public {
                data = 8;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data()"), encodeArgs(8));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_accessor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            uint[8] public data;
            uint[] public dynamicData;
            uint24[] public smallTypeData;
            struct st { uint a; uint[] finalArray; }
            mapping(uint256 => mapping(uint256 => st[5])) public multiple_map;

            constructor() public {
                data[0] = 8;
                dynamicData.length = 3;
                dynamicData[2] = 8;
                smallTypeData.length = 128;
                smallTypeData[1] = 22;
                smallTypeData[127] = 2;
                multiple_map[2][1][2].a = 3;
                multiple_map[2][1][2].finalArray.length = 4;
                multiple_map[2][1][2].finalArray[3] = 5;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256)", 0), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256)", 8), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("dynamicData(uint256)", 2), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("dynamicData(uint256)", 8), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("smallTypeData(uint256)", 1), encodeArgs(22));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("smallTypeData(uint256)", 127), encodeArgs(2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("smallTypeData(uint256)", 128), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("multiple_map(uint256,uint256,uint256)", 2, 1, 2), encodeArgs(3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(accessors_mapping_for_array)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint => uint[8]) public data;
            mapping(uint => uint[]) public dynamicData;
            constructor() public {
                data[2][2] = 8;
                dynamicData[2].length = 3;
                dynamicData[2][2] = 8;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256,uint256)", 2, 2), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256, 256)", 2, 8), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("dynamicData(uint256,uint256)", 2, 2), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("dynamicData(uint256,uint256)", 2, 8), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multiple_elementary_accessors)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            uint256 public data;
            bytes6 public name;
            bytes32 public a_hash;
            address public an_address;
            constructor() public {
                data = 8;
                name = "Celina";
                a_hash = keccak256("\x7b");
                an_address = address(0x1337);
                super_secret_data = 42;
            }
            uint256 super_secret_data;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data()"), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("name()"), encodeArgs("Celina"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a_hash()"), encodeArgs(dev::keccak256(bytes(1, 0x7b))));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("an_address()"), encodeArgs(toBigEndian(u160(0x1337))));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("super_secret_data()"), bytes());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(complex_accessors)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            mapping(uint256 => bytes4) public to_string_map;
            mapping(uint256 => bool) public to_bool_map;
            mapping(uint256 => uint256) public to_uint_map;
            mapping(uint256 => mapping(uint256 => uint256)) public to_multiple_map;
            constructor() public {
                to_string_map[42] = "24";
                to_bool_map[42] = false;
                to_uint_map[42] = 12;
                to_multiple_map[42][23] = 31;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("to_string_map(uint256)", 42), encodeArgs("24"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("to_bool_map(uint256)", 42), encodeArgs(false));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("to_uint_map(uint256)", 42), encodeArgs(12));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("to_multiple_map(uint256,uint256)", 42, 23), encodeArgs(31));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_accessor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            struct Data { uint a; uint8 b; mapping(uint => uint) c; bool d; }
            mapping(uint => Data) public data;
            constructor() public {
                data[7].a = 1;
                data[7].b = 2;
                data[7].c[0] = 3;
                data[7].d = true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(1, 2, true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(balance)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            constructor() public payable {}
            function getBalance() public returns (uint256 balance) {
                return address(this).balance;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 23);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getBalance()"), encodeArgs(23));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(blockchain)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            constructor() public payable {}
            function someInfo() public payable returns (uint256 value, address coinbase, uint256 blockNumber) {
                value = msg.value;
                coinbase = block.coinbase;
                blockNumber = block.number;
            }
        }
    )";
    BOOST_CHECK(m_rpc.rpcCall("miner_setEtherbase", {"\"0x1212121212121212121212121212121212121212\""}).asBool() == true);
    m_rpc.test_mineBlocks(5);
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 27);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("someInfo()", 28), encodeArgs(28, u256("0x1212121212121212121212121212121212121212"), 7));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(msg_sig)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function foo(uint256 a) public returns (bytes4 value) {
                return msg.sig;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("foo(uint256)", 0), encodeArgs(asString(FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("foo(uint256)")).asBytes())));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(msg_sig_after_internal_call_is_same)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function boo() public returns (bytes4 value) {
                return msg.sig;
            }
            function foo(uint256 a) public returns (bytes4 value) {
                return boo();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("foo(uint256)", 0), encodeArgs(asString(FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("foo(uint256)")).asBytes())));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(now)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function someInfo() public returns (bool equal, uint val) {
                equal = block.timestamp == now;
                val = now;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 startBlock = m_blockNumber;
    size_t startTime = blockTimestamp(startBlock);
    auto ret = callContractFunction("someInfo()");
    u256 endBlock = m_blockNumber;
    size_t endTime = blockTimestamp(endBlock);
    BOOST_CHECK(startBlock != endBlock);
    BOOST_CHECK(startTime != endTime);
    ABI_CHECK(ret, encodeArgs(true, endTime));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(type_conversions_cleanup)
{
    // 22-byte integer converted to a contract (i.e. address, 20 bytes), converted to a 32 byte
    // integer should drop the first two bytes
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function test() public returns (uint ret) { return uint(address(Test(address(0x11223344556677889900112233445566778899001122)))); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("test()") == bytes({0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
                                                           0x33, 0x44, 0x55, 0x66, 0x77, 0x88, 0x99, 0x00, 0x11, 0x22,
                                                           0x33, 0x44, 0x55, 0x66, 0x77, 0x88, 0x99, 0x00, 0x11, 0x22}));
}
// fixed bytes to fixed bytes conversion tests
BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_fixed_bytes_to_fixed_bytes_smaller_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function bytesToBytes(bytes4 input) public returns (bytes2 ret) {
                return bytes2(input);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("bytesToBytes(bytes4)", "abcd"), encodeArgs("ab"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_fixed_bytes_to_fixed_bytes_greater_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function bytesToBytes(bytes2 input) public returns (bytes4 ret) {
                return bytes4(input);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("bytesToBytes(bytes2)", "ab"), encodeArgs("ab"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_fixed_bytes_to_fixed_bytes_same_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function bytesToBytes(bytes4 input) public returns (bytes4 ret) {
                return bytes4(input);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("bytesToBytes(bytes4)", "abcd"), encodeArgs("abcd"));
}

// fixed bytes to uint conversion tests
BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_fixed_bytes_to_uint_same_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function bytesToUint(bytes32 s) public returns (uint256 h) {
                return uint(s);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("bytesToUint(bytes32)", string("abc2")),
        encodeArgs(u256("0x6162633200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"))
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_fixed_bytes_to_uint_same_min_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function bytesToUint(bytes1 s) public returns (uint8 h) {
                return uint8(s);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("bytesToUint(bytes1)", string("a")),
        encodeArgs(u256("0x61"))
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_fixed_bytes_to_uint_smaller_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function bytesToUint(bytes4 s) public returns (uint16 h) {
                return uint16(uint32(s));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("bytesToUint(bytes4)", string("abcd")),
        encodeArgs(u256("0x6364"))
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_fixed_bytes_to_uint_greater_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function bytesToUint(bytes4 s) public returns (uint64 h) {
                return uint64(uint32(s));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("bytesToUint(bytes4)", string("abcd")),
        encodeArgs(u256("0x61626364"))
    );
}

// uint fixed bytes conversion tests
BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_uint_to_fixed_bytes_same_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function uintToBytes(uint256 h) public returns (bytes32 s) {
                return bytes32(h);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 a("0x6162630000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("uintToBytes(uint256)", a), encodeArgs(a));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_uint_to_fixed_bytes_same_min_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function UintToBytes(uint8 h) public returns (bytes1 s) {
                return bytes1(h);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("UintToBytes(uint8)", u256("0x61")),
        encodeArgs(string("a"))
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_uint_to_fixed_bytes_smaller_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function uintToBytes(uint32 h) public returns (bytes2 s) {
                return bytes2(uint16(h));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("uintToBytes(uint32)", u160("0x61626364")),
        encodeArgs(string("cd"))
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(convert_uint_to_fixed_bytes_greater_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function UintToBytes(uint16 h) public returns (bytes8 s) {
                return bytes8(uint64(h));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("UintToBytes(uint16)", u256("0x6162")),
        encodeArgs(string("\0\0\0\0\0\0ab", 8))
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(send_ether)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            constructor() payable public {}
            function a(address payable addr, uint amount) public returns (uint ret) {
                addr.send(amount);
                return address(this).balance;
            }
        }
    )";
    u256 amount(130);
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, amount + 1);
    u160 address(23);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a(address,uint256)", address, amount), encodeArgs(1));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(address), amount);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(transfer_ether)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            constructor() public payable {}
            function a(address payable addr, uint amount) public returns (uint) {
                addr.transfer(amount);
                return address(this).balance;
            }
            function b(address payable addr, uint amount) public {
                addr.transfer(amount);
            }
        }

        contract B {
        }

        contract C {
            function () external payable {
                revert();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "B");
    u160 const nonPayableRecipient = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    u160 const oogRecipient = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 20, "A");
    u160 payableRecipient(23);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a(address,uint256)", payableRecipient, 10), encodeArgs(10));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(payableRecipient), 10);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 10);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b(address,uint256)", nonPayableRecipient, 10), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b(address,uint256)", oogRecipient, 10), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(uncalled_blockhash)
{
    char const* code = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public view returns (bytes32)
            {
                return (blockhash)(block.number - 1);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(code, 0, "C");
    bytes result = callContractFunction("f()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(result.size(), 32);
    BOOST_CHECK(result[0] != 0 || result[1] != 0 || result[2] != 0);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(blockhash_shadow_resolution)
{
    char const* code = R"(
        contract C {
            function blockhash(uint256 blockNumber) public returns(bytes32) { bytes32 x; return x; }
            function f() public returns(bytes32) { return blockhash(3); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(code, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(log0)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a() public {
                log0(bytes32(uint256(1)));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("a()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(h256(m_logs[0].data), h256(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 0);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(log1)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a() public {
                log1(bytes32(uint256(1)), bytes32(uint256(2)));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("a()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(h256(m_logs[0].data), h256(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], h256(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(log2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a() public {
                log2(bytes32(uint256(1)), bytes32(uint256(2)), bytes32(uint256(3)));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("a()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(h256(m_logs[0].data), h256(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 2);
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[i], h256(u256(i + 2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(log3)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a() public {
                log3(bytes32(uint256(1)), bytes32(uint256(2)), bytes32(uint256(3)), bytes32(uint256(4)));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("a()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(h256(m_logs[0].data), h256(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 3);
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[i], h256(u256(i + 2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(log4)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a() public {
                log4(bytes32(uint256(1)), bytes32(uint256(2)), bytes32(uint256(3)), bytes32(uint256(4)), bytes32(uint256(5)));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("a()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(h256(m_logs[0].data), h256(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 4);
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < 4; ++i)
        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[i], h256(u256(i + 2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(log_in_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            constructor() public {
                log1(bytes32(uint256(1)), bytes32(uint256(2)));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(h256(m_logs[0].data), h256(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], h256(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(selfdestruct)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            constructor() public payable {}
            function a(address payable receiver) public returns (uint ret) {
                selfdestruct(receiver);
                return 10;
            }
        }
    )";
    u256 amount(130);
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, amount);
    u160 address(23);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a(address)", address), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(!addressHasCode(m_contractAddress));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(address), amount);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(keccak256)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a(bytes32 input) public returns (bytes32 hash) {
                return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(input));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto f = [&](u256 const& _x) -> u256
    {
        return dev::keccak256(toBigEndian(_x));
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(4));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(5));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(-1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(sha256)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a(bytes32 input) public returns (bytes32 sha256hash) {
                return sha256(abi.encodePacked(input));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto f = [&](u256 const& _x) -> bytes
    {
        if (_x == u256(4))
            return fromHex("e38990d0c7fc009880a9c07c23842e886c6bbdc964ce6bdd5817ad357335ee6f");
        if (_x == u256(5))
            return fromHex("96de8fc8c256fa1e1556d41af431cace7dca68707c78dd88c3acab8b17164c47");
        if (_x == u256(-1))
            return fromHex("af9613760f72635fbdb44a5a0a63c39f12af30f950a6ee5c971be188e89c4051");
        return fromHex("");
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(4));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(5));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(-1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(ripemd)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a(bytes32 input) public returns (bytes32 sha256hash) {
                return ripemd160(abi.encodePacked(input));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto f = [&](u256 const& _x) -> bytes
    {
        if (_x == u256(4))
            return fromHex("1b0f3c404d12075c68c938f9f60ebea4f74941a0000000000000000000000000");
        if (_x == u256(5))
            return fromHex("ee54aa84fc32d8fed5a5fe160442ae84626829d9000000000000000000000000");
        if (_x == u256(-1))
            return fromHex("1cf4e77f5966e13e109703cd8a0df7ceda7f3dc3000000000000000000000000");
        return fromHex("");
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(4));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(5));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(-1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_keccak256)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a(bytes32 input) public returns (bytes32 hash) {
                uint24 b = 65536;
                uint c = 256;
                return keccak256(abi.encodePacked(uint8(8), input, b, input, c));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto f = [&](u256 const& _x) -> u256
    {
        return dev::keccak256(
            toCompactBigEndian(unsigned(8)) +
            toBigEndian(_x) +
            toCompactBigEndian(unsigned(65536)) +
            toBigEndian(_x) +
            toBigEndian(u256(256))
        );
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(4));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(5));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(-1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_keccak256_complex_types)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            uint120[3] x;
            function f() public returns (bytes32 hash1, bytes32 hash2, bytes32 hash3) {
                uint120[] memory y = new uint120[](3);
                x[0] = y[0] = uint120(-2);
                x[1] = y[1] = uint120(-3);
                x[2] = y[2] = uint120(-4);
                hash1 = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(x));
                hash2 = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(y));
                hash3 = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(this.f));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    // Strangely, arrays are encoded with intra-element padding.
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(
        dev::keccak256(encodeArgs(u256("0xfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffe"), u256("0xfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffd"), u256("0xfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffc"))),
        dev::keccak256(encodeArgs(u256("0xfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffe"), u256("0xfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffd"), u256("0xfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffc"))),
        dev::keccak256(fromHex(m_contractAddress.hex() + "26121ff0"))
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_sha256)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a(bytes32 input) public returns (bytes32 hash) {
                uint24 b = 65536;
                uint c = 256;
                return sha256(abi.encodePacked(uint8(8), input, b, input, c));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto f = [&](u256 const& _x) -> bytes
    {
        if (_x == u256(4))
            return fromHex("804e0d7003cfd70fc925dc103174d9f898ebb142ecc2a286da1abd22ac2ce3ac");
        if (_x == u256(5))
            return fromHex("e94921945f9068726c529a290a954f412bcac53184bb41224208a31edbf63cf0");
        if (_x == u256(-1))
            return fromHex("f14def4d07cd185ddd8b10a81b2238326196a38867e6e6adbcc956dc913488c7");
        return fromHex("");
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(4));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(5));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(-1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_ripemd160)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a(bytes32 input) public returns (bytes32 hash) {
                uint24 b = 65536;
                uint c = 256;
                return ripemd160(abi.encodePacked(uint8(8), input, b, input, c));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    auto f = [&](u256 const& _x) -> bytes
    {
        if (_x == u256(4))
            return fromHex("f93175303eba2a7b372174fc9330237f5ad202fc000000000000000000000000");
        if (_x == u256(5))
            return fromHex("04f4fc112e2bfbe0d38f896a46629e08e2fcfad5000000000000000000000000");
        if (_x == u256(-1))
            return fromHex("c0a2e4b1f3ff766a9a0089e7a410391730872495000000000000000000000000");
        return fromHex("");
    };
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(4));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(5));
    testContractAgainstCpp("a(bytes32)", f, u256(-1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(ecrecover)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function a(bytes32 h, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s) public returns (address addr) {
                return ecrecover(h, v, r, s);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 h("0x18c547e4f7b0f325ad1e56f57e26c745b09a3e503d86e00e5255ff7f715d3d1c");
    byte v = 28;
    u256 r("0x73b1693892219d736caba55bdb67216e485557ea6b6af75f37096c9aa6a5a75f");
    u256 s("0xeeb940b1d03b21e36b0e47e79769f095fe2ab855bd91e3a38756b7d75a9c4549");
    u160 addr("0xa94f5374fce5edbc8e2a8697c15331677e6ebf0b");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a(bytes32,uint8,bytes32,bytes32)", h, v, r, s), encodeArgs(addr));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inter_contract_calls)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            function multiply(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                return a * b;
            }
        }
        contract Main {
            Helper h;
            function callHelper(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                return h.multiply(a, b);
            }
            function getHelper() public returns (address haddress) {
                return address(h);
            }
            function setHelper(address haddress) public {
                h = Helper(haddress);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Helper");
    u160 const c_helperAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("setHelper(address)", c_helperAddress) == bytes());
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getHelper()", c_helperAddress) == encodeArgs(c_helperAddress));
    u256 a(3456789);
    u256 b("0x282837623374623234aa74");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("callHelper(uint256,uint256)", a, b) == encodeArgs(a * b));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inter_contract_calls_with_complex_parameters)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            function sel(uint a, bool select, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                if (select) return a; else return b;
            }
        }
        contract Main {
            Helper h;
            function callHelper(uint a, bool select, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                return h.sel(a, select, b) * 3;
            }
            function getHelper() public returns (address haddress) {
                return address(h);
            }
            function setHelper(address haddress) public {
                h = Helper(haddress);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Helper");
    u160 const c_helperAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("setHelper(address)", c_helperAddress) == bytes());
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getHelper()", c_helperAddress) == encodeArgs(c_helperAddress));
    u256 a(3456789);
    u256 b("0x282837623374623234aa74");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("callHelper(uint256,bool,uint256)", a, true, b) == encodeArgs(a * 3));
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("callHelper(uint256,bool,uint256)", a, false, b) == encodeArgs(b * 3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inter_contract_calls_accessing_this)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            function getAddress() public returns (address addr) {
                return address(this);
            }
        }
        contract Main {
            Helper h;
            function callHelper() public returns (address addr) {
                return h.getAddress();
            }
            function getHelper() public returns (address addr) {
                return address(h);
            }
            function setHelper(address addr) public {
                h = Helper(addr);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Helper");
    u160 const c_helperAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("setHelper(address)", c_helperAddress) == bytes());
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getHelper()", c_helperAddress) == encodeArgs(c_helperAddress));
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("callHelper()") == encodeArgs(c_helperAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(calls_to_this)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            function invoke(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                return this.multiply(a, b, 10);
            }
            function multiply(uint a, uint b, uint8 c) public returns (uint ret) {
                return a * b + c;
            }
        }
        contract Main {
            Helper h;
            function callHelper(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint ret) {
                return h.invoke(a, b);
            }
            function getHelper() public returns (address addr) {
                return address(h);
            }
            function setHelper(address addr) public {
                h = Helper(addr);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Helper");
    u160 const c_helperAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("setHelper(address)", c_helperAddress) == bytes());
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getHelper()", c_helperAddress) == encodeArgs(c_helperAddress));
    u256 a(3456789);
    u256 b("0x282837623374623234aa74");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("callHelper(uint256,uint256)", a, b) == encodeArgs(a * b + 10));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inter_contract_calls_with_local_vars)
{
    // note that a reference to another contract's function occupies two stack slots,
    // so this tests correct stack slot allocation
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            function multiply(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                return a * b;
            }
        }
        contract Main {
            Helper h;
            function callHelper(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                uint8 y = 9;
                uint256 ret = h.multiply(a, b);
                return ret + y;
            }
            function getHelper() public returns (address haddress) {
                return address(h);
            }
            function setHelper(address haddress) public {
                h = Helper(haddress);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Helper");
    u160 const c_helperAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("setHelper(address)", c_helperAddress) == bytes());
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getHelper()", c_helperAddress) == encodeArgs(c_helperAddress));
    u256 a(3456789);
    u256 b("0x282837623374623234aa74");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("callHelper(uint256,uint256)", a, b) == encodeArgs(a * b + 9));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(fixed_bytes_in_calls)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            function invoke(bytes3 x, bool stop) public returns (bytes4 ret) {
                return x;
            }
        }
        contract Main {
            Helper h;
            function callHelper(bytes2 x, bool stop) public returns (bytes5 ret) {
                return h.invoke(x, stop);
            }
            function getHelper() public returns (address addr) {
                return address(h);
            }
            function setHelper(address addr) public {
                h = Helper(addr);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Helper");
    u160 const c_helperAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("setHelper(address)", c_helperAddress) == bytes());
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getHelper()", c_helperAddress) == encodeArgs(c_helperAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("callHelper(bytes2,bool)", string("\0a", 2), true), encodeArgs(string("\0a\0\0\0", 5)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constructor_arguments_internal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            bytes3 name;
            bool flag;

            constructor(bytes3 x, bool f) public {
                name = x;
                flag = f;
            }
            function getName() public returns (bytes3 ret) { return name; }
            function getFlag() public returns (bool ret) { return flag; }
        }
        contract Main {
            Helper h;
            constructor() public {
                h = new Helper("abc", true);
            }
            function getFlag() public returns (bool ret) { return h.getFlag(); }
            function getName() public returns (bytes3 ret) { return h.getName(); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getFlag()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getName()"), encodeArgs("abc"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constructor_arguments_external)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Main {
            bytes3 name;
            bool flag;

            constructor(bytes3 x, bool f) public {
                name = x;
                flag = f;
            }
            function getName() public returns (bytes3 ret) { return name; }
            function getFlag() public returns (bool ret) { return flag; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main", encodeArgs("abc", true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getFlag()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getName()"), encodeArgs("abc"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constructor_with_long_arguments)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Main {
            string public a;
            string public b;

            constructor(string memory _a, string memory _b) public {
                a = _a;
                b = _b;
            }
        }
    )";
    string a = "01234567890123gabddunaouhdaoneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi45678907890123456789abcd123456787890123456789abcd90123456789012345678901234567890123456789aboneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi45678907890123456789abcd123456787890123456789abcd90123456789012345678901234567890123456789aboneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi4567890789012oneudapcgadi45678907890123456789abcd123456787890123456789abcd90123456789012345678901234567890123456789aboneudapcgadi4567890789012cdef";
    string b = "AUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PYAUTAHIACIANOTUHAOCUHAOEUNAOEHUNTHDYDHPYDRCPYDRSTITOEUBXHUDGO>PY";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main", encodeArgs(
        u256(0x40),
        u256(0x40 + 0x20 + ((a.length() + 31) / 32) * 32),
        u256(a.length()),
        a,
        u256(b.length()),
        b
    ));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeDyn(a));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b()"), encodeDyn(b));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constructor_static_array_argument)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public a;
            uint[3] public b;

            constructor(uint _a, uint[3] memory _b) public {
                a = _a;
                b = _b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(4)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constant_var_as_array_length)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint constant LEN = 3;
            uint[LEN] public a;

            constructor(uint[LEN] memory _a) public {
                a = _a;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(functions_called_by_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            bytes3 name;
            bool flag;
            constructor() public {
                setName("abc");
            }
            function getName() public returns (bytes3 ret) { return name; }
            function setName(bytes3 _name) private { name = _name; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getName()") == encodeArgs("abc"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(contracts_as_addresses)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract helper {
            function() external payable { } // can receive ether
        }
        contract test {
            helper h;
            constructor() public payable { h = new helper(); address(h).send(5); }
            function getBalance() public returns (uint256 myBalance, uint256 helperBalance) {
                myBalance = address(this).balance;
                helperBalance = address(h).balance;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 20);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 20 - 5);
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getBalance()") == encodeArgs(u256(20 - 5), u256(5)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(gas_and_value_basic)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract helper {
            bool flag;
            function getBalance() payable public returns (uint256 myBalance) {
                return address(this).balance;
            }
            function setFlag() public { flag = true; }
            function getFlag() public returns (bool fl) { return flag; }
        }
        contract test {
            helper h;
            constructor() public payable { h = new helper(); }
            function sendAmount(uint amount) public payable returns (uint256 bal) {
                return h.getBalance.value(amount)();
            }
            function outOfGas() public returns (bool ret) {
                h.setFlag.gas(2)(); // should fail due to OOG
                return true;
            }
            function checkState() public returns (bool flagAfter, uint myBal) {
                flagAfter = h.getFlag();
                myBal = address(this).balance;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 20);
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("sendAmount(uint256)", 5) == encodeArgs(5));
    // call to helper should not succeed but amount should be transferred anyway
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("outOfGas()") == bytes());
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("checkState()") == encodeArgs(false, 20 - 5));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(gasleft_decrease)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint v;
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                uint startGas = gasleft();
                v++;
                assert(startGas > gasleft());
                return true;
            }
            function g() public returns (bool) {
                uint startGas = gasleft();
                assert(startGas > gasleft());
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(gaslimit)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                return block.gaslimit;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(gasLimit()));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(gasprice)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                return tx.gasprice;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(gasPrice()));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(blockhash)
{
    // depending on the aleth version, this test only works for pre-constantinople
    if (Options::get().evmVersion() < EVMVersion::constantinople())
    {
        char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                uint256 counter;
                function g() public returns (bool) { counter++; return true; }
                function f() public returns (bytes32[] memory r) {
                    r = new bytes32[](259);
                    for (uint i = 0; i < 259; i++)
                        r[i] = blockhash(block.number - 257 + i);
                }
            }
        )";
        compileAndRun(sourceCode);
        // generate a sufficient amount of blocks
        while (blockNumber() < u256(255))
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(true));

        vector<u256> hashes;
        // ``blockhash()`` is only valid for the last 256 blocks, otherwise zero
        hashes.emplace_back(0);
        for (u256 i = blockNumber() - u256(255); i <= blockNumber(); i++)
            hashes.emplace_back(blockHash(i));
        // the current block hash is not yet known at execution time and therefore zero
        hashes.emplace_back(0);
        // future block hashes are zero
        hashes.emplace_back(0);

        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeDyn(hashes));
    }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(value_complex)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract helper {
            function getBalance() payable public returns (uint256 myBalance) {
                return address(this).balance;
            }
        }
        contract test {
            helper h;
            constructor() public payable { h = new helper(); }
            function sendAmount(uint amount) public payable returns (uint256 bal) {
                uint someStackElement = 20;
                return h.getBalance.value(amount).gas(1000).value(amount + 3)();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 20);
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("sendAmount(uint256)", 5) == encodeArgs(8));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(value_insane)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract helper {
            function getBalance() payable public returns (uint256 myBalance) {
                return address(this).balance;
            }
        }
        contract test {
            helper h;
            constructor() public payable { h = new helper(); }
            function sendAmount(uint amount) public returns (uint256 bal) {
                return h.getBalance.value(amount).gas(1000).value(amount + 3)();// overwrite value
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 20);
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("sendAmount(uint256)", 5) == encodeArgs(8));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(value_for_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            bytes3 name;
            bool flag;
            constructor(bytes3 x, bool f) public payable {
                name = x;
                flag = f;
            }
            function getName() public returns (bytes3 ret) { return name; }
            function getFlag() public returns (bool ret) { return flag; }
        }
        contract Main {
            Helper h;
            constructor() public payable {
                h = (new Helper).value(10)("abc", true);
            }
            function getFlag() public returns (bool ret) { return h.getFlag(); }
            function getName() public returns (bytes3 ret) { return h.getName(); }
            function getBalances() public returns (uint me, uint them) { me = address(this).balance; them = address(h).balance;}
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 22, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getFlag()") == encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getName()") == encodeArgs("abc"));
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("getBalances()") == encodeArgs(12, 10));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(virtual_function_calls)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            function f() public returns (uint i) { return g(); }
            function g() public returns (uint i) { return 1; }
        }
        contract Derived is Base {
            function g() public returns (uint i) { return 2; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Derived");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(access_base_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            uint dataBase;
            function getViaBase() public returns (uint i) { return dataBase; }
        }
        contract Derived is Base {
            uint dataDerived;
            function setData(uint base, uint derived) public returns (bool r) {
                dataBase = base;
                dataDerived = derived;
                return true;
            }
            function getViaDerived() public returns (uint base, uint derived) {
                base = dataBase;
                derived = dataDerived;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Derived");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setData(uint256,uint256)", 1, 2), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getViaBase()"), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getViaDerived()"), encodeArgs(1, 2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(single_copy_with_multiple_inheritance)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            uint data;
            function setData(uint i) public { data = i; }
            function getViaBase() public returns (uint i) { return data; }
        }
        contract A is Base { function setViaA(uint i) public { setData(i); } }
        contract B is Base { function getViaB() public returns (uint i) { return getViaBase(); } }
        contract Derived is Base, B, A { }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Derived");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getViaB()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setViaA(uint256)", 23), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getViaB()"), encodeArgs(23));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(explicit_base_class)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract BaseBase { function g() public returns (uint r) { return 1; } }
        contract Base is BaseBase { function g() public returns (uint r) { return 2; } }
        contract Derived is Base {
            function f() public returns (uint r) { return BaseBase.g(); }
            function g() public returns (uint r) { return 3; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Derived");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(base_constructor_arguments)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract BaseBase {
            uint m_a;
            constructor(uint a) public {
                m_a = a;
            }
        }
        contract Base is BaseBase(7) {
            constructor() public {
                m_a *= m_a;
            }
        }
        contract Derived is Base() {
            function getA() public returns (uint r) { return m_a; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Derived");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getA()"), encodeArgs(7 * 7));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_usage_in_constructor_arguments)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract BaseBase {
            uint m_a;
            constructor(uint a) public {
                m_a = a;
            }
            function g() public returns (uint r) { return 2; }
        }
        contract Base is BaseBase(BaseBase.g()) {
        }
        contract Derived is Base() {
            function getA() public returns (uint r) { return m_a; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Derived");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getA()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(virtual_function_usage_in_constructor_arguments)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract BaseBase {
            uint m_a;
            constructor(uint a) public {
                m_a = a;
            }
            function overridden() public returns (uint r) { return 1; }
            function g() public returns (uint r) { return overridden(); }
        }
        contract Base is BaseBase(BaseBase.g()) {
        }
        contract Derived is Base() {
            function getA() public returns (uint r) { return m_a; }
            function overridden() public returns (uint r) { return 2; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Derived");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getA()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(internal_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            constructor() internal {}
        }
    )";
    BOOST_CHECK(compileAndRunWithoutCheck(sourceCode, 0, "C").empty());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function getOne() payable nonFree public returns (uint r) { return 1; }
            modifier nonFree { if (msg.value > 0) _; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getOne()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("getOne()", 1), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_local_variables)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            modifier mod1 { uint8 a = 1; uint8 b = 2; _; }
            modifier mod2(bool a) { if (a) return; else _; }
            function f(bool a) mod1 mod2(a) public returns (uint r) { return 3; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_loop)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            modifier repeat(uint count) { uint i; for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) _; }
            function f() repeat(10) public returns (uint r) { r += 1; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(10));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_multi_invocation)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            modifier repeat(bool twice) { if (twice) _; _; }
            function f(bool twice) repeat(twice) public returns (uint r) { r += 1; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_multi_with_return)
{
    // Note that return sets the return variable and jumps to the end of the current function or
    // modifier code block.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            modifier repeat(bool twice) { if (twice) _; _; }
            function f(bool twice) repeat(twice) public returns (uint r) { r += 1; return r; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_overriding)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            function f() mod public returns (bool r) { return true; }
            modifier mod { _; }
        }
        contract C is A {
            modifier mod { if (false) _; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(false));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_calling_functions_in_creation_context)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint data;
            constructor() mod1 public { f1(); }
            function f1() mod2 public { data |= 0x1; }
            function f2() public { data |= 0x20; }
            function f3() public { }
            modifier mod1 { f2(); _; }
            modifier mod2 { f3(); if (false) _; }
            function getData() public returns (uint r) { return data; }
        }
        contract C is A {
            modifier mod1 { f4(); _; }
            function f3() public { data |= 0x300; }
            function f4() public { data |= 0x4000; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData()"), encodeArgs(0x4300));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_for_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint data;
            constructor() mod1 public { data |= 2; }
            modifier mod1 { data |= 1; _; }
            function getData() public returns (uint r) { return data; }
        }
        contract C is A {
            modifier mod1 { data |= 4; _; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData()"), encodeArgs(4 | 2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_multiple_times)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public a;
            modifier mod(uint x) { a += x; _; }
            function f(uint x) mod(2) mod(5) mod(x) public returns(uint) { return a; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(3)), encodeArgs(2 + 5 + 3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(2 + 5 + 3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_multiple_times_local_vars)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public a;
            modifier mod(uint x) { uint b = x; a += b; _; a -= b; assert(b == x); }
            function f(uint x) mod(2) mod(5) mod(x) public returns(uint) { return a; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(3)), encodeArgs(2 + 5 + 3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_library)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library L {
            struct S { uint v; }
            modifier mod(S storage s) { s.v++; _; }
            function libFun(S storage s) mod(s) internal { s.v += 0x100; }
        }

        contract Test {
            using L for *;
            L.S s;

            function f() public returns (uint) {
                s.libFun();
                L.libFun(s);
                return s.v;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0x202));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_modifier_library_inheritance)
{
    // Tests that virtual lookup for modifiers in libraries does not consider
    // the current inheritance hierarchy.

    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library L {
            struct S { uint v; }
            modifier mod(S storage s) { s.v++; _; }
            function libFun(S storage s) mod(s) internal { s.v += 0x100; }
        }

        contract Test {
            using L for *;
            L.S s;
            modifier mod(L.S storage) { revert(); _; }

            function f() public returns (uint) {
                s.libFun();
                L.libFun(s);
                return s.v;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0x202));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(crazy_elementary_typenames_on_stack)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint r) {
                uint; uint; uint; uint;
                int x = -7;
                return uint(x);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(-7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(super)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A { function f() public returns (uint r) { return 1; } }
        contract B is A { function f() public returns (uint r) { return super.f() | 2; } }
        contract C is A { function f() public returns (uint r) { return super.f() | 4; } }
        contract D is B, C { function f() public returns (uint r) { return super.f() | 8; } }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(1 | 2 | 4 | 8));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(super_in_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A { function f() public returns (uint r) { return 1; } }
        contract B is A { function f() public returns (uint r) { return super.f() | 2; } }
        contract C is A { function f() public returns (uint r) { return super.f() | 4; } }
        contract D is B, C { uint data; constructor() public { data = super.f() | 8; } function f() public returns (uint r) { return data; } }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(1 | 2 | 4 | 8));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(super_alone)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A { function f() public { super; } }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "A");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(fallback_function)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint data;
            function() external { data = 1; }
            function getData() public returns (uint r) { return data; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction(""), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inherited_fallback_function)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint data;
            function() external { data = 1; }
            function getData() public returns (uint r) { return data; }
        }
        contract B is A {}
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "B");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction(""), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(default_fallback_throws)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"YY(
        contract A {
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                (bool success,) = address(this).call("");
                return success;
            }
        }
    )YY";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0));

    if (dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().hasStaticCall())
    {
        char const* sourceCode = R"YY(
            contract A {
                function f() public returns (bool) {
                    (bool success, bytes memory data) = address(this).staticcall("");
                    assert(data.length == 0);
                    return success;
                }
            }
        )YY";
        compileAndRun(sourceCode);
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0));
    }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(short_data_calls_fallback)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint public x;
            // Signature is d88e0b00
            function fow() public { x = 3; }
            function () external { x = 2; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    // should call fallback
    sendMessage(asBytes("\xd8\x8e\x0b"), false, 0);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_transactionSuccessful);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(2));
    // should call function
    sendMessage(asBytes(string("\xd8\x8e\x0b") + string(1, 0)), false, 0);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_transactionSuccessful);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            event Deposit(address indexed _from, bytes32 indexed _id, uint _value);
            function deposit(bytes32 _id, bool _manually) public payable {
                if (_manually) {
                    bytes32 s = 0x19dacbf83c5de6658e14cbf7bcae5c15eca2eedecf1c66fbca928e4d351bea0f;
                    log3(bytes32(msg.value), s, bytes32(uint256(msg.sender)), _id);
                } else {
                    emit Deposit(msg.sender, _id, msg.value);
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 value(18);
    u256 id(0x1234);
    for (bool manually: {true, false})
    {
        callContractFunctionWithValue("deposit(bytes32,bool)", value, id, manually);
        BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(h256(m_logs[0].data), h256(u256(value)));
        BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 3);
        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(address,bytes32,uint256)")));
        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[1], h256(m_sender, h256::AlignRight));
        BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[2], h256(id));
    }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_emit)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            event Deposit(address indexed _from, bytes32 indexed _id, uint _value);
            function deposit(bytes32 _id) public payable {
                emit Deposit(msg.sender, _id, msg.value);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 value(18);
    u256 id(0x1234);
    callContractFunctionWithValue("deposit(bytes32)", value, id);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(h256(m_logs[0].data), h256(u256(value)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 3);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(address,bytes32,uint256)")));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[1], h256(m_sender, h256::AlignRight));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[2], h256(id));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_no_arguments)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            event Deposit();
            function deposit() public {
                emit Deposit();
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("deposit()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data.empty());
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit()")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_access_through_base_name_emit)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            event x();
        }
        contract B is A {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                emit A.x();
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("f()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data.empty());
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("x()")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(events_with_same_name)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            event Deposit();
            event Deposit(address _addr);
            event Deposit(address _addr, uint _amount);
            function deposit() public returns (uint) {
                emit Deposit();
                return 1;
            }
            function deposit(address _addr) public returns (uint) {
                emit Deposit(_addr);
                return 1;
            }
            function deposit(address _addr, uint _amount) public returns (uint) {
                emit Deposit(_addr, _amount);
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    u160 const c_loggedAddress = m_contractAddress;

    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("deposit()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data.empty());
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit()")));

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("deposit(address)", c_loggedAddress), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(c_loggedAddress));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(address)")));

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("deposit(address,uint256)", c_loggedAddress, u256(100)), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(c_loggedAddress, 100));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(address,uint256)")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(events_with_same_name_inherited_emit)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            event Deposit();
        }

        contract B {
            event Deposit(address _addr);
        }

        contract ClientReceipt is A, B {
            event Deposit(address _addr, uint _amount);
            function deposit() public returns (uint) {
                emit Deposit();
                return 1;
            }
            function deposit(address _addr) public returns (uint) {
                emit Deposit(_addr);
                return 1;
            }
            function deposit(address _addr, uint _amount) public returns (uint) {
                emit Deposit(_addr, _amount);
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    u160 const c_loggedAddress = m_contractAddress;

    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("deposit()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data.empty());
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit()")));

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("deposit(address)", c_loggedAddress), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(c_loggedAddress));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(address)")));

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("deposit(address,uint256)", c_loggedAddress, u256(100)), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(c_loggedAddress, 100));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(address,uint256)")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_anonymous)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            event Deposit() anonymous;
            function deposit() public {
                emit Deposit();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("deposit()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 0);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_anonymous_with_topics)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            event Deposit(address indexed _from, bytes32 indexed _id, uint indexed _value, uint indexed _value2, bytes32 data) anonymous;
            function deposit(bytes32 _id) public payable {
                emit Deposit(msg.sender, _id, msg.value, 2, "abc");
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 value(18);
    u256 id(0x1234);
    callContractFunctionWithValue("deposit(bytes32)", value, id);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs("abc"));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 4);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], h256(m_sender, h256::AlignRight));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[1], h256(id));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[2], h256(value));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[3], h256(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_lots_of_data)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            event Deposit(address _from, bytes32 _id, uint _value, bool _flag);
            function deposit(bytes32 _id) public payable {
                emit Deposit(msg.sender, _id, msg.value, true);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 value(18);
    u256 id(0x1234);
    callContractFunctionWithValue("deposit(bytes32)", value, id);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs((u160)m_sender, id, value, true));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(address,bytes32,uint256,bool)")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_really_lots_of_data)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            event Deposit(uint fixeda, bytes dynx, uint fixedb);
            function deposit() public {
                emit Deposit(10, msg.data, 15);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("deposit()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toHex(m_logs[0].data), toHex(encodeArgs(10, 0x60, 15, 4, asString(FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("deposit()")).asBytes()))));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(uint256,bytes,uint256)")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_really_lots_of_data_from_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            bytes x;
            event Deposit(uint fixeda, bytes dynx, uint fixedb);
            function deposit() public {
                x.length = 3;
                x[0] = "A";
                x[1] = "B";
                x[2] = "C";
                emit Deposit(10, x, 15);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("deposit()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(toHex(m_logs[0].data), toHex(encodeArgs(10, 0x60, 15, 3, string("ABC"))));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(uint256,bytes,uint256)")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_really_really_lots_of_data_from_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract ClientReceipt {
            bytes x;
            event Deposit(uint fixeda, bytes dynx, uint fixedb);
            function deposit() public {
                x.length = 31;
                x[0] = "A";
                x[1] = "B";
                x[2] = "C";
                x[30] = "Z";
                emit Deposit(10, x, 15);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("deposit()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(10, 0x60, 15, 31, string("ABC") + string(27, 0) + "Z"));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Deposit(uint256,bytes,uint256)")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_struct_memory_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            struct S { uint a; }
            event E(S);
            function createEvent(uint x) public {
                emit E(S(x));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 x(42);
    callContractFunction("createEvent(uint256)", x);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(x));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("E((uint256))")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_struct_storage_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            struct S { uint a; }
            event E(S);
            S s;
            function createEvent(uint x) public {
                s.a = x;
                emit E(s);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 x(42);
    callContractFunction("createEvent(uint256)", x);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(x));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("E((uint256))")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_dynamic_array_memory)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            event E(uint[]);
            function createEvent(uint x) public {
                uint[] memory arr = new uint[](3);
                arr[0] = x;
                arr[1] = x + 1;
                arr[2] = x + 2;
                emit E(arr);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 x(42);
    callContractFunction("createEvent(uint256)", x);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(0x20, 3, x, x + 1, x + 2));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("E(uint256[])")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_dynamic_array_memory_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            event E(uint[]);
            function createEvent(uint x) public {
                uint[] memory arr = new uint[](3);
                arr[0] = x;
                arr[1] = x + 1;
                arr[2] = x + 2;
                emit E(arr);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 x(42);
    callContractFunction("createEvent(uint256)", x);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(0x20, 3, x, x + 1, x + 2));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("E(uint256[])")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_dynamic_nested_array_memory_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            event E(uint[][]);
            function createEvent(uint x) public {
                uint[][] memory arr = new uint[][](2);
                arr[0] = new uint[](2);
                arr[1] = new uint[](2);
                arr[0][0] = x;
                arr[0][1] = x + 1;
                arr[1][0] = x + 2;
                arr[1][1] = x + 3;
                emit E(arr);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 x(42);
    callContractFunction("createEvent(uint256)", x);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(0x20, 2, 0x40, 0xa0, 2, x, x + 1, 2, x + 2, x + 3));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("E(uint256[][])")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_dynamic_array_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            event E(uint[]);
            uint[] arr;
            function createEvent(uint x) public {
                arr.length = 3;
                arr[0] = x;
                arr[1] = x + 1;
                arr[2] = x + 2;
                emit E(arr);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 x(42);
    callContractFunction("createEvent(uint256)", x);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(0x20, 3, x, x + 1, x + 2));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("E(uint256[])")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_dynamic_array_storage_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            event E(uint[]);
            uint[] arr;
            function createEvent(uint x) public {
                arr.length = 3;
                arr[0] = x;
                arr[1] = x + 1;
                arr[2] = x + 2;
                emit E(arr);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 x(42);
    callContractFunction("createEvent(uint256)", x);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(0x20, 3, x, x + 1, x + 2));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("E(uint256[])")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_dynamic_nested_array_storage_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            event E(uint[][]);
            uint[][] arr;
            function createEvent(uint x) public {
                arr.length = 2;
                arr[0].length = 2;
                arr[1].length = 2;
                arr[0][0] = x;
                arr[0][1] = x + 1;
                arr[1][0] = x + 2;
                arr[1][1] = x + 3;
                emit E(arr);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    u256 x(42);
    callContractFunction("createEvent(uint256)", x);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(0x20, 2, 0x40, 0xa0, 2, x, x + 1, 2, x + 2, x + 3));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("E(uint256[][])")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(event_indexed_string)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            string x;
            uint[4] y;
            event E(string indexed r, uint[4] indexed t);
            function deposit() public {
                bytes(x).length = 90;
                for (uint8 i = 0; i < 90; i++)
                    bytes(x)[i] = byte(i);
                y[0] = 4;
                y[1] = 5;
                y[2] = 6;
                y[3] = 7;
                emit E(x, y);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    callContractFunction("deposit()");
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    string dynx(90, 0);
    for (size_t i = 0; i < dynx.size(); ++i)
        dynx[i] = i;
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == bytes());
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 3);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[1], dev::keccak256(dynx));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[2], dev::keccak256(
        encodeArgs(u256(4), u256(5), u256(6), u256(7))
    ));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("E(string,uint256[4])")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(empty_name_input_parameter_with_named_one)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint, uint k) public returns(uint ret_k, uint ret_g){
                uint g = 8;
                ret_k = k;
                ret_g = g;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", 5, 9) != encodeArgs(5, 8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", 5, 9), encodeArgs(9, 8));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(empty_name_return_parameter)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint k) public returns(uint){
                return k;
        }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", 9), encodeArgs(9));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(sha256_empty)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (bytes32) {
                return sha256("");
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), fromHex("0xe3b0c44298fc1c149afbf4c8996fb92427ae41e4649b934ca495991b7852b855"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(ripemd160_empty)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (bytes20) {
                return ripemd160("");
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), fromHex("0x9c1185a5c5e9fc54612808977ee8f548b2258d31000000000000000000000000"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(keccak256_empty)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (bytes32) {
                return keccak256("");
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), fromHex("0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(keccak256_multiple_arguments)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function foo(uint a, uint b, uint c) public returns (bytes32 d)
            {
                d = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(a, b, c));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("foo(uint256,uint256,uint256)", 10, 12, 13), encodeArgs(
        dev::keccak256(
            toBigEndian(u256(10)) +
            toBigEndian(u256(12)) +
            toBigEndian(u256(13))
        )
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(keccak256_multiple_arguments_with_numeric_literals)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function foo(uint a, uint16 b) public returns (bytes32 d)
            {
                d = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(a, b, uint8(145)));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("foo(uint256,uint16)", 10, 12), encodeArgs(
        dev::keccak256(
            toBigEndian(u256(10)) +
            bytes{0x0, 0xc} +
            bytes(1, 0x91)
        )
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(keccak256_multiple_arguments_with_string_literals)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function foo() public returns (bytes32 d)
            {
                d = keccak256("foo");
            }
            function bar(uint a, uint16 b) public returns (bytes32 d)
            {
                d = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(a, b, uint8(145), "foo"));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("foo()"), encodeArgs(dev::keccak256("foo")));

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("bar(uint256,uint16)", 10, 12), encodeArgs(
        dev::keccak256(
            toBigEndian(u256(10)) +
            bytes{0x0, 0xc} +
            bytes(1, 0x91) +
            bytes{0x66, 0x6f, 0x6f}
        )
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(keccak256_with_bytes)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function foo() public returns (bool)
            {
                data.length = 3;
                data[0] = "f";
                data[1] = "o";
                data[2] = "o";
                return keccak256(data) == keccak256("foo");
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("foo()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(iterated_keccak256_with_bytes)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"ABC(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function foo() public returns (bytes32)
            {
                data.length = 3;
                data[0] = "x";
                data[1] = "y";
                data[2] = "z";
                return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("b", keccak256(data), "a"));
            }
        }
    )ABC";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("foo()"), encodeArgs(
        u256(dev::keccak256(bytes{'b'} + dev::keccak256("xyz").asBytes() + bytes{'a'}))
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(generic_call)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"**(
            contract receiver {
                uint public received;
                function receive(uint256 x) public payable { received = x; }
            }
            contract sender {
                constructor() public payable {}
                function doSend(address rec) public returns (uint d)
                {
                    bytes4 signature = bytes4(bytes32(keccak256("receive(uint256)")));
                    rec.call.value(2)(abi.encodeWithSelector(signature, 23));
                    return receiver(rec).received();
                }
            }
    )**";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "receiver");
    u160 const c_receiverAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 50, "sender");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("doSend(address)", c_receiverAddress) == encodeArgs(23));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 50 - 2);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(generic_delegatecall)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"**(
            contract Receiver {
                uint public received;
                address public sender;
                uint public value;
                constructor() public payable {}
                function receive(uint256 x) public payable { received = x; sender = msg.sender; value = msg.value; }
            }
            contract Sender {
                uint public received;
                address public sender;
                uint public value;
                constructor() public payable {}
                function doSend(address rec) public payable
                {
                    bytes4 signature = bytes4(bytes32(keccak256("receive(uint256)")));
                    (bool success,) = rec.delegatecall(abi.encodeWithSelector(signature, 23));
                    success;
                }
            }
    )**";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Receiver");
    u160 const c_receiverAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 50, "Sender");
    u160 const c_senderAddress = m_contractAddress;
    BOOST_CHECK(m_sender != c_senderAddress); // just for sanity
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("doSend(address)", 11, c_receiverAddress), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("received()"), encodeArgs(u256(23)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("sender()"), encodeArgs(u160(m_sender)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("value()"), encodeArgs(u256(11)));
    m_contractAddress = c_receiverAddress;
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("received()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("sender()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("value()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(c_receiverAddress));
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(c_senderAddress));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(c_receiverAddress), 0);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(c_senderAddress), 50 + 11);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(generic_staticcall)
{
    if (dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().hasStaticCall())
    {
        char const* sourceCode = R"**(
                contract A {
                    uint public x;
                    constructor() public { x = 42; }
                    function pureFunction(uint256 p) public pure returns (uint256) { return p; }
                    function viewFunction(uint256 p) public view returns (uint256) { return p + x; }
                    function nonpayableFunction(uint256 p) public returns (uint256) { x = p; return x; }
                    function assertFunction(uint256 p) public view returns (uint256) { assert(x == p); return x; }
                }
                contract C {
                    function f(address a) public view returns (bool, bytes memory)
                    {
                        return a.staticcall(abi.encodeWithSignature("pureFunction(uint256)", 23));
                    }
                    function g(address a) public view returns (bool, bytes memory)
                    {
                        return a.staticcall(abi.encodeWithSignature("viewFunction(uint256)", 23));
                    }
                    function h(address a) public view returns (bool, bytes memory)
                    {
                        return a.staticcall(abi.encodeWithSignature("nonpayableFunction(uint256)", 23));
                    }
                    function i(address a, uint256 v) public view returns (bool, bytes memory)
                    {
                        return a.staticcall(abi.encodeWithSignature("assertFunction(uint256)", v));
                    }
                }
        )**";
        compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "A");
        u160 const c_addressA = m_contractAddress;
        compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(address)", c_addressA), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x20, 23));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(address)", c_addressA), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x20, 23 + 42));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h(address)", c_addressA), encodeArgs(false, 0x40, 0x00));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("i(address,uint256)", c_addressA, 42), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x20, 42));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("i(address,uint256)", c_addressA, 23), encodeArgs(false, 0x40, 0x00));
    }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(library_call_in_homestead)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib { function m() public returns (address) { return msg.sender; } }
        contract Test {
            address public sender;
            function f() public {
                sender = Lib.m();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("sender()"), encodeArgs(u160(m_sender)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(library_call_protection)
{
    // This tests code that reverts a call if it is a direct call to a library
    // as opposed to a delegatecall.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib {
            struct S { uint x; }
            // a direct call to this should revert
            function np(S storage s) public returns (address) { s.x = 3; return msg.sender; }
            // a direct call to this is fine
            function v(S storage) public view returns (address) { return msg.sender; }
            // a direct call to this is fine
            function pu() public pure returns (uint) { return 2; }
        }
        contract Test {
            Lib.S public s;
            function np() public returns (address) { return Lib.np(s); }
            function v() public view returns (address) { return Lib.v(s); }
            function pu() public pure returns (uint) { return Lib.pu(); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("np(Lib.S storage)", 0), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("v(Lib.S storage)", 0), encodeArgs(u160(m_sender)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("pu()"), encodeArgs(2));
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("np()"), encodeArgs(u160(m_sender)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s()"), encodeArgs(3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("v()"), encodeArgs(u160(m_sender)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("pu()"), encodeArgs(2));
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(library_staticcall_delegatecall)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
         library Lib {
             function x() public view returns (uint) {
                 return 1;
             }
         }
         contract Test {
             uint t;
             function f() public returns (uint) {
                 t = 2;
                 return this.g();
             }
             function g() public view returns (uint) {
                 return Lib.x();
             }
         }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(store_bytes)
{
    // this test just checks that the copy loop does not mess up the stack
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function save() public returns (uint r) {
                r = 23;
                savedData = msg.data;
                r = 24;
            }
            bytes savedData;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    // empty copy loop
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("save()"), encodeArgs(24));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("save()", "abcdefg"), encodeArgs(24));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_from_calldata_to_memory)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (bytes32) {
                return keccak256(abi.encodePacked("abc", msg.data));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    bytes calldata1 = FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("f()")).asBytes() + bytes(61, 0x22) + bytes(12, 0x12);
    sendMessage(calldata1, false);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_transactionSuccessful);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_output == encodeArgs(dev::keccak256(bytes{'a', 'b', 'c'} + calldata1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(call_forward_bytes)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract receiver {
            uint public received;
            function receive(uint x) public { received += x + 1; }
            function() external { received = 0x80; }
        }
        contract sender {
            constructor() public { rec = new receiver(); }
            function() external { savedData = msg.data; }
            function forward() public returns (bool) { address(rec).call(savedData); return true; }
            function clear() public returns (bool) { delete savedData; return true; }
            function val() public returns (uint) { return rec.received(); }
            receiver rec;
            bytes savedData;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "sender");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("receive(uint256)", 7), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("val()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("forward()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("val()"), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("clear()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("val()"), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("forward()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("val()"), encodeArgs(0x80));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(call_forward_bytes_length)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract receiver {
            uint public calledLength;
            function() external { calledLength = msg.data.length; }
        }
        contract sender {
            receiver rec;
            constructor() public { rec = new receiver(); }
            function viaCalldata() public returns (uint) {
                (bool success,) = address(rec).call(msg.data);
                require(success);
                return rec.calledLength();
            }
            function viaMemory() public returns (uint) {
                bytes memory x = msg.data;
                (bool success,) = address(rec).call(x);
                require(success);
                return rec.calledLength();
            }
            bytes s;
            function viaStorage() public returns (uint) {
                s = msg.data;
                (bool success,) = address(rec).call(s);
                require(success);
                return rec.calledLength();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "sender");

    // No additional data, just function selector
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("viaCalldata()"), encodeArgs(4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("viaMemory()"), encodeArgs(4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("viaStorage()"), encodeArgs(4));

    // Some additional unpadded data
    bytes unpadded = asBytes(string("abc"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionNoEncoding("viaCalldata()", unpadded), encodeArgs(7));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionNoEncoding("viaMemory()", unpadded), encodeArgs(7));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionNoEncoding("viaStorage()", unpadded), encodeArgs(7));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(copying_bytes_multiassign)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract receiver {
            uint public received;
            function receive(uint x) public { received += x + 1; }
            function() external { received = 0x80; }
        }
        contract sender {
            constructor() public { rec = new receiver(); }
            function() external { savedData1 = savedData2 = msg.data; }
            function forward(bool selector) public returns (bool) {
                if (selector) { address(rec).call(savedData1); delete savedData1; }
                else { address(rec).call(savedData2); delete savedData2; }
                return true;
            }
            function val() public returns (uint) { return rec.received(); }
            receiver rec;
            bytes savedData1;
            bytes savedData2;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "sender");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("receive(uint256)", 7), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("val()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("forward(bool)", true), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("val()"), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("forward(bool)", false), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("val()"), encodeArgs(16));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("forward(bool)", true), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("val()"), encodeArgs(0x80));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(delete_removes_bytes_data)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function() external { data = msg.data; }
            function del() public returns (bool) { delete data; return true; }
            bytes data;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("---", 7), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("del()", 7), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(copy_from_calldata_removes_bytes_data)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function set() public returns (bool) { data = msg.data; return true; }
            function() external { data = msg.data; }
            bytes data;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set()", 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    sendMessage(bytes(), false);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_transactionSuccessful);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_output.empty());
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(copy_removes_bytes_data)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function set() public returns (bool) { data1 = msg.data; return true; }
            function reset() public returns (bool) { data1 = data2; return true; }
            bytes data1;
            bytes data2;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set()", 1, 2, 3, 4, 5), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("reset()"), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_inside_mappings)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function set(uint key) public returns (bool) { data[key] = msg.data; return true; }
            function copy(uint from, uint to) public returns (bool) { data[to] = data[from]; return true; }
            mapping(uint => bytes) data;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    // store a short byte array at 1 and a longer one at 2
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256)", 1, 2), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256)", 2, 2, 3, 4, 5), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    // copy shorter to longer
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copy(uint256,uint256)", 1, 2), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    // copy empty to both
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copy(uint256,uint256)", 99, 1), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copy(uint256,uint256)", 99, 2), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_length_member)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function set() public returns (bool) { data = msg.data; return true; }
            function getLength() public returns (uint) { return data.length; }
            bytes data;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getLength()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set()", 1, 2), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getLength()"), encodeArgs(4+32+32));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_copy)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            struct Nested { uint x; uint y; }
            struct Struct { uint a; mapping(uint => Struct) b; Nested nested; uint c; }
            mapping(uint => Struct) data;
            function set(uint k) public returns (bool) {
                data[k].a = 1;
                data[k].nested.x = 3;
                data[k].nested.y = 4;
                data[k].c = 2;
                return true;
            }
            function copy(uint from, uint to) public returns (bool) {
                data[to] = data[from];
                return true;
            }
            function retrieve(uint k) public returns (uint a, uint x, uint y, uint c)
            {
                a = data[k].a;
                x = data[k].nested.x;
                y = data[k].nested.y;
                c = data[k].c;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("retrieve(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(1, 3, 4, 2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copy(uint256,uint256)", 7, 8), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("retrieve(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(1, 3, 4, 2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("retrieve(uint256)", 8), encodeArgs(1, 3, 4, 2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copy(uint256,uint256)", 0, 7), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("retrieve(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(0, 0, 0, 0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("retrieve(uint256)", 8), encodeArgs(1, 3, 4, 2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copy(uint256,uint256)", 7, 8), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("retrieve(uint256)", 8), encodeArgs(0, 0, 0, 0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_containing_bytes_copy_and_delete)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            struct Struct { uint a; bytes data; uint b; }
            Struct data1;
            Struct data2;
            function set(uint _a, bytes calldata _data, uint _b) external returns (bool) {
                data1.a = _a;
                data1.b = _b;
                data1.data = _data;
                return true;
            }
            function copy() public returns (bool) {
                data1 = data2;
                return true;
            }
            function del() public returns (bool) {
                delete data1;
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    string data = "123456789012345678901234567890123";
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,bytes,uint256)", 12, 0x60, 13, u256(data.length()), data), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copy()"), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,bytes,uint256)", 12, 0x60, 13, u256(data.length()), data), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("del()"), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_copy_via_local)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            struct Struct { uint a; uint b; }
            Struct data1;
            Struct data2;
            function test() public returns (bool) {
                data1.a = 1;
                data1.b = 2;
                Struct memory x = data1;
                data2 = x;
                return data2.a == data1.a && data2.b == data1.b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(using_enums)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract test {
                enum ActionChoices { GoLeft, GoRight, GoStraight, Sit }
                constructor() public
                {
                    choices = ActionChoices.GoStraight;
                }
                function getChoice() public returns (uint d)
                {
                    d = uint256(choices);
                }
                ActionChoices choices;
            }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getChoice()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(enum_explicit_overflow)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract test {
                enum ActionChoices { GoLeft, GoRight, GoStraight }
                constructor() public
                {
                }
                function getChoiceExp(uint x) public returns (uint d)
                {
                    choice = ActionChoices(x);
                    d = uint256(choice);
                }
                function getChoiceFromSigned(int x) public returns (uint d)
                {
                    choice = ActionChoices(x);
                    d = uint256(choice);
                }
                function getChoiceFromNegativeLiteral() public returns (uint d)
                {
                    choice = ActionChoices(-1);
                    d = uint256(choice);
                }
                ActionChoices choice;
            }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    // These should throw
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getChoiceExp(uint256)", 3), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getChoiceFromSigned(int256)", -1), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getChoiceFromNegativeLiteral()"), encodeArgs());
    // These should work
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getChoiceExp(uint256)", 2), encodeArgs(2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getChoiceExp(uint256)", 0), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(storing_invalid_boolean)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            event Ev(bool);
            bool public perm;
            function set() public returns(uint) {
                bool tmp;
                assembly {
                    tmp := 5
                }
                perm = tmp;
                return 1;
            }
            function ret() public returns(bool) {
                bool tmp;
                assembly {
                    tmp := 5
                }
                return tmp;
            }
            function ev() public returns(uint) {
                bool tmp;
                assembly {
                    tmp := 5
                }
                emit Ev(tmp);
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set()"), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("perm()"), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("ret()"), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("ev()"), encodeArgs(1));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_CHECK(m_logs[0].data == encodeArgs(1));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Ev(bool)")));
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(using_contract_enums_with_explicit_contract_name)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract test {
                enum Choice { A, B, C }
                function answer () public returns (test.Choice _ret)
                {
                    _ret = test.Choice.B;
                }
            }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("answer()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(using_inherited_enum)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract base {
                enum Choice { A, B, C }
            }

            contract test is base {
                function answer () public returns (Choice _ret)
                {
                    _ret = Choice.B;
                }
            }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("answer()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(using_inherited_enum_excplicitly)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract base {
                enum Choice { A, B, C }
            }

            contract test is base {
                function answer () public returns (base.Choice _ret)
                {
                    _ret = base.Choice.B;
                }
            }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("answer()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constructing_enums_from_ints)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract c {
                enum Truth { False, True }
                function test() public returns (uint)
                {
                    return uint(Truth(uint8(0x701)));
                }
            }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_referencing)
{
    static char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        interface I {
            struct S { uint a; }
        }
        library L {
            struct S { uint b; uint a; }
            function f() public pure returns (S memory) {
                S memory s;
                s.a = 3;
                return s;
            }
            function g() public pure returns (I.S memory) {
                I.S memory s;
                s.a = 4;
                return s;
            }
            // argument-dependant lookup tests
            function a(I.S memory) public pure returns (uint) { return 1; }
            function a(S memory) public pure returns (uint) { return 2; }
        }
        contract C is I {
            function f() public pure returns (S memory) {
                S memory s;
                s.a = 1;
                return s;
            }
            function g() public pure returns (I.S memory) {
                I.S memory s;
                s.a = 2;
                return s;
            }
            function h() public pure returns (L.S memory) {
                L.S memory s;
                s.a = 5;
                return s;
            }
            function x() public pure returns (L.S memory) {
                return L.f();
            }
            function y() public pure returns (I.S memory) {
                return L.g();
            }
            function a1() public pure returns (uint) { S memory s; return L.a(s); }
            function a2() public pure returns (uint) { L.S memory s; return L.a(s); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "L");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0, 3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(4));
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", bytes(), map<string, Address>{ {"L", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(0, 5));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(0, 3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("y()"), encodeArgs(4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a1()"), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a2()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(enum_referencing)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        interface I {
            enum Direction { A, B, Left, Right }
        }
        library L {
            enum Direction { Left, Right }
            function f() public pure returns (Direction) {
                return Direction.Right;
            }
            function g() public pure returns (I.Direction) {
                return I.Direction.Right;
            }
        }
        contract C is I {
            function f() public pure returns (Direction) {
                return Direction.Right;
            }
            function g() public pure returns (I.Direction) {
                return I.Direction.Right;
            }
            function h() public pure returns (L.Direction) {
                return L.Direction.Right;
            }
            function x() public pure returns (L.Direction) {
                return L.f();
            }
            function y() public pure returns (I.Direction) {
                return L.g();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "L");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(3));
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"L", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("y()"), encodeArgs(3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_member_init)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            constructor() public {
                m_b = 6;
                m_c = 8;
            }
            uint m_a = 5;
            uint m_b;
            uint m_c = 7;
            function get() public returns (uint a, uint b, uint c){
                a = m_a;
                b = m_b;
                c = m_c;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), encodeArgs(5, 6, 8));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_member_init_inheritence)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            constructor() public {}
            uint m_base = 5;
            function getBMember() public returns (uint i) { return m_base; }
        }
        contract Derived is Base {
            constructor() public {}
            uint m_derived = 6;
            function getDMember() public returns (uint i) { return m_derived; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getBMember()"), encodeArgs(5));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getDMember()"), encodeArgs(6));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_member_init_inheritence_without_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            uint m_base = 5;
            function getBMember() public returns (uint i) { return m_base; }
        }
        contract Derived is Base {
            uint m_derived = 6;
            function getDMember() public returns (uint i) { return m_derived; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getBMember()"), encodeArgs(5));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getDMember()"), encodeArgs(6));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(external_function)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint) { return a; }
            function test(uint a, uint b) external returns (uint r_a, uint r_b) {
                r_a = f(a + 7);
                r_b = b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test(uint256,uint256)", 2, 3), encodeArgs(2+7, 3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_in_arguments)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint result;
            function f(uint a, uint b) public { result += a + b; }
            function g(uint a) public { result *= a; }
            function test(uint a, bytes calldata data1, bytes calldata data2, uint b) external returns (uint r_a, uint r, uint r_b, uint l) {
                r_a = a;
                address(this).call(data1);
                address(this).call(data2);
                r = result;
                r_b = b;
                l = data1.length;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);

    string innercalldata1 = asString(FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("f(uint256,uint256)")).asBytes() + encodeArgs(8, 9));
    string innercalldata2 = asString(FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("g(uint256)")).asBytes() + encodeArgs(3));
    bytes calldata = encodeArgs(
        12, 32 * 4, u256(32 * 4 + 32 + (innercalldata1.length() + 31) / 32 * 32), 13,
        u256(innercalldata1.length()), innercalldata1,
        u256(innercalldata2.length()), innercalldata2);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("test(uint256,bytes,bytes,uint256)", calldata),
        encodeArgs(12, (8 + 9) * 3, 13, u256(innercalldata1.length()))
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(fixed_arrays_in_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            struct Data { uint x; uint y; }
            Data[2**10] data;
            uint[2**10 + 3] ids;
            function setIDStatic(uint id) public { ids[2] = id; }
            function setID(uint index, uint id) public { ids[index] = id; }
            function setData(uint index, uint x, uint y) public { data[index].x = x; data[index].y = y; }
            function getID(uint index) public returns (uint) { return ids[index]; }
            function getData(uint index) public returns (uint x, uint y) { x = data[index].x; y = data[index].y; }
            function getLengths() public returns (uint l1, uint l2) { l1 = data.length; l2 = ids.length; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setIDStatic(uint256)", 11), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getID(uint256)", 2), encodeArgs(11));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setID(uint256,uint256)", 7, 8), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getID(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setData(uint256,uint256,uint256)", 7, 8, 9), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setData(uint256,uint256,uint256)", 8, 10, 11), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(8, 9));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData(uint256)", 8), encodeArgs(10, 11));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getLengths()"), encodeArgs(u256(1) << 10, (u256(1) << 10) + 3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(dynamic_arrays_in_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            struct Data { uint x; uint y; }
            Data[] data;
            uint[] ids;
            function setIDStatic(uint id) public { ids[2] = id; }
            function setID(uint index, uint id) public { ids[index] = id; }
            function setData(uint index, uint x, uint y) public { data[index].x = x; data[index].y = y; }
            function getID(uint index) public returns (uint) { return ids[index]; }
            function getData(uint index) public returns (uint x, uint y) { x = data[index].x; y = data[index].y; }
            function getLengths() public returns (uint l1, uint l2) { l1 = data.length; l2 = ids.length; }
            function setLengths(uint l1, uint l2) public { data.length = l1; ids.length = l2; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getLengths()"), encodeArgs(0, 0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setLengths(uint256,uint256)", 48, 49), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getLengths()"), encodeArgs(48, 49));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setIDStatic(uint256)", 11), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getID(uint256)", 2), encodeArgs(11));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setID(uint256,uint256)", 7, 8), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getID(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setData(uint256,uint256,uint256)", 7, 8, 9), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setData(uint256,uint256,uint256)", 8, 10, 11), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(8, 9));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData(uint256)", 8), encodeArgs(10, 11));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(fixed_out_of_bounds_array_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[4] data;
            function set(uint index, uint value) public returns (bool) { data[index] = value; return true; }
            function get(uint index) public returns (uint) { return data[index]; }
            function length() public returns (uint) { return data.length; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("length()"), encodeArgs(4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", 3, 4), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", 4, 5), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", 400, 5), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", 3), encodeArgs(4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", 4), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", 400), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("length()"), encodeArgs(4));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(dynamic_out_of_bounds_array_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[] data;
            function enlarge(uint amount) public returns (uint) { return data.length += amount; }
            function set(uint index, uint value) public returns (bool) { data[index] = value; return true; }
            function get(uint index) public returns (uint) { return data[index]; }
            function length() public returns (uint) { return data.length; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("length()"), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", 3), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("enlarge(uint256)", 4), encodeArgs(4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("length()"), encodeArgs(4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", 3, 4), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", 3), encodeArgs(4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("length()"), encodeArgs(4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", 4, 8), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("length()"), encodeArgs(4));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(fixed_array_cleanup)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint spacer1;
            uint spacer2;
            uint[20] data;
            function fill() public {
                for (uint i = 0; i < data.length; ++i) data[i] = i+1;
            }
            function clear() public { delete data; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fill()"), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("clear()"), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(short_fixed_array_cleanup)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint spacer1;
            uint spacer2;
            uint[3] data;
            function fill() public {
                for (uint i = 0; i < data.length; ++i) data[i] = i+1;
            }
            function clear() public { delete data; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fill()"), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("clear()"), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(dynamic_array_cleanup)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[20] spacer;
            uint[] dynamic;
            function fill() public {
                dynamic.length = 21;
                for (uint i = 0; i < dynamic.length; ++i) dynamic[i] = i+1;
            }
            function halfClear() public { dynamic.length = 5; }
            function fullClear() public { delete dynamic; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fill()"), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("halfClear()"), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fullClear()"), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(dynamic_multi_array_cleanup)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            struct s { uint[][] d; }
            s[] data;
            function fill() public returns (uint) {
                data.length = 3;
                data[2].d.length = 4;
                data[2].d[3].length = 5;
                data[2].d[3][4] = 8;
                return data[2].d[3][4];
            }
            function clear() public { delete data; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fill()"), encodeArgs(8));
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("clear()"), bytes());
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_storage_storage_dyn_dyn)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[] data1;
            uint[] data2;
            function setData1(uint length, uint index, uint value) public {
                data1.length = length; if (index < length) data1[index] = value;
            }
            function copyStorageStorage() public { data2 = data1; }
            function getData2(uint index) public returns (uint len, uint val) {
                len = data2.length; if (index < len) val = data2[index];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setData1(uint256,uint256,uint256)", 10, 5, 4), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copyStorageStorage()"), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData2(uint256)", 5), encodeArgs(10, 4));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setData1(uint256,uint256,uint256)", 0, 0, 0), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copyStorageStorage()"), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getData2(uint256)", 0), encodeArgs(0, 0));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_storage_storage_static_static)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[40] data1;
            uint[20] data2;
            function test() public returns (uint x, uint y){
                data1[30] = 4;
                data1[2] = 7;
                data1[3] = 9;
                data2[3] = 8;
                data1 = data2;
                x = data1[3];
                y = data1[30]; // should be cleared
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(8, 0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_storage_storage_static_dynamic)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[9] data1;
            uint[] data2;
            function test() public returns (uint x, uint y){
                data1[8] = 4;
                data2 = data1;
                x = data2.length;
                y = data2[8];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(9, 4));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_different_packing)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes8[] data1; // 4 per slot
            bytes10[] data2; // 3 per slot
            function test() public returns (bytes10 a, bytes10 b, bytes10 c, bytes10 d, bytes10 e) {
                data1.length = 9;
                for (uint i = 0; i < data1.length; ++i)
                    data1[i] = bytes8(uint64(i));
                data2 = data1;
                a = data2[1];
                b = data2[2];
                c = data2[3];
                d = data2[4];
                e = data2[5];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000001")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000002")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000003")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000004")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000005"))
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_target_simple)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes8[9] data1; // 4 per slot
            bytes17[10] data2; // 1 per slot, no offset counter
            function test() public returns (bytes17 a, bytes17 b, bytes17 c, bytes17 d, bytes17 e) {
                for (uint i = 0; i < data1.length; ++i)
                    data1[i] = bytes8(uint64(i));
                data2[8] = data2[9] = bytes8(uint64(2));
                data2 = data1;
                a = data2[1];
                b = data2[2];
                c = data2[3];
                d = data2[4];
                e = data2[9];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000001")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000002")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000003")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000004")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000000"))
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_target_leftover)
{
    // test that leftover elements in the last slot of target are correctly cleared during assignment
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            byte[10] data1;
            bytes2[32] data2;
            function test() public returns (uint check, uint res1, uint res2) {
                uint i;
                for (i = 0; i < data2.length; ++i)
                    data2[i] = 0xffff;
                check = uint(uint16(data2[31])) * 0x10000 | uint(uint16(data2[14]));
                for (i = 0; i < data1.length; ++i)
                    data1[i] = byte(uint8(1 + i));
                data2 = data1;
                for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
                    res1 |= uint(uint16(data2[i])) * 0x10000**i;
                for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
                    res2 |= uint(uint16(data2[16 + i])) * 0x10000**i;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(
        u256("0xffffffff"),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000000""000000000a000900""0800070006000500""0400030002000100")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000000""0000000000000000""0000000000000000""0000000000000000"))
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_target_leftover2)
{
    // since the copy always copies whole slots, we have to make sure that the source size maxes
    // out a whole slot and at the same time there are still elements left in the target at that point
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes8[4] data1; // fits into one slot
            bytes10[6] data2; // 4 elements need two slots
            function test() public returns (bytes10 r1, bytes10 r2, bytes10 r3) {
                data1[0] = bytes8(uint64(1));
                data1[1] = bytes8(uint64(2));
                data1[2] = bytes8(uint64(3));
                data1[3] = bytes8(uint64(4));
                for (uint i = 0; i < data2.length; ++i)
                    data2[i] = bytes10(uint80(0xffff00 | (1 + i)));
                data2 = data1;
                r1 = data2[3];
                r2 = data2[4];
                r3 = data2[5];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000004")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000000")),
        asString(fromHex("0000000000000000"))
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_storage_storage_struct)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            struct Data { uint x; uint y; }
            Data[] data1;
            Data[] data2;
            function test() public returns (uint x, uint y) {
                data1.length = 9;
                data1[8].x = 4;
                data1[8].y = 5;
                data2 = data1;
                x = data2[8].x;
                y = data2[8].y;
                data1.length = 0;
                data2 = data1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(4, 5));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_storage_abi)
{
    // NOTE: This does not really test copying from storage to ABI directly,
    // because it will always copy to memory first.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract c {
            uint8[] x;
            uint16[] y;
            uint24[] z;
            uint24[][] w;
            function test1() public returns (uint8[] memory) {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 101; ++i)
                    x.push(uint8(i));
                return x;
            }
            function test2() public returns (uint16[] memory) {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 101; ++i)
                    y.push(uint16(i));
                return y;
            }
            function test3() public returns (uint24[] memory) {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 101; ++i)
                    z.push(uint24(i));
                return z;
            }
            function test4() public returns (uint24[][] memory) {
                w.length = 5;
                for (uint i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
                    for (uint j = 0; j < 101; ++j)
                        w[i].push(uint24(j));
                return w;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    bytes valueSequence;
    for (size_t i = 0; i < 101; ++i)
        valueSequence += toBigEndian(u256(i));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test1()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 101) + valueSequence);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test2()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 101) + valueSequence);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test3()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 101) + valueSequence);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test4()"),
        encodeArgs(0x20, 5, 0xa0, 0xa0 + 102 * 32 * 1, 0xa0 + 102 * 32 * 2, 0xa0 + 102 * 32 * 3, 0xa0 + 102 * 32 * 4) +
        encodeArgs(101) + valueSequence +
        encodeArgs(101) + valueSequence +
        encodeArgs(101) + valueSequence +
        encodeArgs(101) + valueSequence +
        encodeArgs(101) + valueSequence
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_storage_abi_signed)
{
    // NOTE: This does not really test copying from storage to ABI directly,
    // because it will always copy to memory first.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            int16[] x;
            function test() public returns (int16[] memory) {
                x.push(int16(-1));
                x.push(int16(-1));
                x.push(int16(8));
                x.push(int16(-16));
                x.push(int16(-2));
                x.push(int16(6));
                x.push(int16(8));
                x.push(int16(-1));
                return x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    bytes valueSequence;
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 8,
        u256(-1),
        u256(-1),
        u256(8),
        u256(-16),
        u256(-2),
        u256(6),
        u256(8),
        u256(-1)
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_push)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[] data;
            function test() public returns (uint x, uint y, uint z, uint l) {
                data.push(5);
                x = data[0];
                data.push(4);
                y = data[1];
                l = data.push(3);
                z = data[2];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(5, 4, 3, 3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_push_struct)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            struct S { uint16 a; uint16 b; uint16[3] c; uint16[] d; }
            S[] data;
            function test() public returns (uint16, uint16, uint16, uint16) {
                S memory s;
                s.a = 2;
                s.b = 3;
                s.c[2] = 4;
                s.d = new uint16[](4);
                s.d[2] = 5;
                data.push(s);
                return (data[0].a, data[0].b, data[0].c[2], data[0].d[2]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(2, 3, 4, 5));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_push_packed_array)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint80[] x;
            function test() public returns (uint80, uint80, uint80, uint80) {
                x.push(1);
                x.push(2);
                x.push(3);
                x.push(4);
                x.push(5);
                x.length = 4;
                return (x[0], x[1], x[2], x[3]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(1, 2, 3, 4));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_push)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function test() public returns (bool x) {
                if (data.push(0x05) != 1)  return true;
                if (data[0] != 0x05) return true;
                data.push(0x04);
                if (data[1] != 0x04) return true;
                uint l = data.push(0x03);
                if (data[2] != 0x03) return true;
                if (l != 0x03) return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(false));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_push_transition)
{
    // Tests transition between short and long encoding
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function test() public returns (uint) {
                for (uint8 i = 1; i < 40; i++)
                {
                    data.push(byte(i));
                    if (data.length != i) return 0x1000 + i;
                    if (data[data.length - 1] != byte(i)) return i;
                }
                for (uint8 i = 1; i < 40; i++)
                    if (data[i - 1] != byte(i)) return 0x1000000 + i;
                return 0;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_pop)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[] data;
            function test() public returns (uint x, uint l) {
                data.push(7);
                x = data.push(3);
                data.pop();
                x = data.length;
                data.pop();
                l = data.length;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(1, 0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_pop_uint16_transition)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint16[] data;
            function test() public returns (uint16 x, uint16 y, uint16 z) {
                for (uint i = 1; i <= 48; i++)
                    data.push(uint16(i));
                for (uint j = 1; j <= 10; j++)
                    data.pop();
                x = data[data.length - 1];
                for (uint k = 1; k <= 10; k++)
                    data.pop();
                y = data[data.length - 1];
                for (uint l = 1; l <= 10; l++)
                    data.pop();
                z = data[data.length - 1];
                for (uint m = 1; m <= 18; m++)
                    data.pop();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(38, 28, 18));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_pop_uint24_transition)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint256 a;
            uint256 b;
            uint256 c;
            uint24[] data;
            function test() public returns (uint24 x, uint24 y) {
                for (uint i = 1; i <= 30; i++)
                    data.push(uint24(i));
                for (uint j = 1; j <= 10; j++)
                    data.pop();
                x = data[data.length - 1];
                for (uint k = 1; k <= 10; k++)
                    data.pop();
                y = data[data.length - 1];
                for (uint l = 1; l <= 10; l++)
                    data.pop();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(20, 10));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_pop_array_transition)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint256 a;
            uint256 b;
            uint256 c;
            uint16[] inner = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16];
            uint16[][] data;
            function test() public returns (uint x, uint y, uint z) {
                for (uint i = 1; i <= 48; i++)
                    data.push(inner);
                for (uint j = 1; j <= 10; j++)
                    data.pop();
                x = data[data.length - 1][0];
                for (uint k = 1; k <= 10; k++)
                    data.pop();
                y = data[data.length - 1][1];
                for (uint l = 1; l <= 10; l++)
                    data.pop();
                z = data[data.length - 1][2];
                for (uint m = 1; m <= 18; m++)
                    data.pop();
                delete inner;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(1, 2, 3));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_pop_empty_exception)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[] data;
            function test() public returns (bool) {
                data.pop();
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_pop_storage_empty)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[] data;
            function test() public {
                data.push(7);
                data.pop();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_pop)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function test() public returns (uint x, uint y, uint l) {
                data.push(0x07);
                x = data.push(0x03);
                data.pop();
                data.pop();
                y = data.push(0x02);
                l = data.length;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(2, 1, 1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_pop_empty_exception)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint256 a;
            uint256 b;
            uint256 c;
            bytes data;
            function test() public returns (bool) {
                data.pop();
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_pop_storage_empty)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function test() public {
                data.push(0x07);
                data.push(0x05);
                data.push(0x03);
                data.pop();
                data.pop();
                data.pop();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_pop_long_storage_empty)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint256 a;
            uint256 b;
            uint256 c;
            bytes data;
            function test() public returns (bool) {
                for (uint8 i = 0; i <= 40; i++)
                    data.push(byte(i+1));
                for (int8 j = 40; j >= 0; j--) {
                    require(data[uint8(j)] == byte(j+1));
                    require(data.length == uint8(j+1));
                    data.pop();
                }
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_pop_long_storage_empty_garbage_ref)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint256 a;
            uint256 b;
            bytes data;
            function test() public {
                for (uint8 i = 0; i <= 40; i++)
                    data.push(0x03);
                for (uint8 j = 0; j <= 40; j++) {
                    assembly {
                        mstore(0, "garbage")
                    }
                    data.pop();
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_pop_masking_long)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function test() public returns (bytes memory) {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 34; i++)
                    data.push(0x03);
                data.pop();
                return data;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(
        u256(0x20),
        u256(33),
        asString(fromHex("0303030303030303030303030303030303030303030303030303030303030303")),
        asString(fromHex("03"))
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_pop_copy_long)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function test() public returns (bytes memory) {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 33; i++)
                    data.push(0x03);
                for (uint j = 0; j < 4; j++)
                    data.pop();
                return data;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(
        u256(0x20),
        u256(29),
        asString(fromHex("0303030303030303030303030303030303030303030303030303030303"))
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_pop_isolated)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        // This tests that the compiler knows the correct size of the function on the stack.
        contract c {
            uint[] data;
            function test() public returns (uint x) {
                x = 2;
                data.pop;
                x = 3;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(byte_array_pop_isolated)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        // This tests that the compiler knows the correct size of the function on the stack.
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function test() public returns (uint x) {
                x = 2;
                data.pop;
                x = 3;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(external_array_args)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function test(uint[8] calldata a, uint[] calldata b, uint[5] calldata c, uint a_index, uint b_index, uint c_index)
                    external returns (uint av, uint bv, uint cv) {
                av = a[a_index];
                bv = b[b_index];
                cv = c[c_index];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    bytes params = encodeArgs(
        1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, // a
        32 * (8 + 1 + 5 + 1 + 1 + 1), // offset to b
        21, 22, 23, 24, 25, // c
        0, 1, 2, // (a,b,c)_index
        3, // b.length
        11, 12, 13 // b
        );
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test(uint256[8],uint256[],uint256[5],uint256,uint256,uint256)", params), encodeArgs(1, 12, 23));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_index_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function direct(bytes calldata arg, uint index) external returns (uint) {
                return uint(uint8(arg[index]));
            }
            function storageCopyRead(bytes calldata arg, uint index) external returns (uint) {
                data = arg;
                return uint(uint8(data[index]));
            }
            function storageWrite() external returns (uint) {
                data.length = 35;
                data[31] = 0x77;
                data[32] = 0x14;

                data[31] = 0x01;
                data[31] |= 0x08;
                data[30] = 0x01;
                data[32] = 0x03;
                return uint(uint8(data[30])) * 0x100 | uint(uint8(data[31])) * 0x10 | uint(uint8(data[32]));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    string array{
        0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
        10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19,
        20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
        30, 31, 32, 33};
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("direct(bytes,uint256)", 64, 33, u256(array.length()), array), encodeArgs(33));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("storageCopyRead(bytes,uint256)", 64, 33, u256(array.length()), array), encodeArgs(33));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("storageWrite()"), encodeArgs(0x193));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_delete_element)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            bytes data;
            function test1() external returns (bool) {
                data.length = 100;
                for (uint i = 0; i < data.length; i++)
                    data[i] = byte(uint8(i));
                delete data[94];
                delete data[96];
                delete data[98];
                return data[94] == 0 && uint8(data[95]) == 95 && data[96] == 0 && uint8(data[97]) == 97;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test1()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_calldata_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[9] m_data;
            uint[] m_data_dyn;
            uint8[][] m_byte_data;
            function store(uint[9] calldata a, uint8[3][] calldata b) external returns (uint8) {
                m_data = a;
                m_data_dyn = a;
                m_byte_data = b;
                return b[3][1]; // note that access and declaration are reversed to each other
            }
            function retrieve() public returns (uint a, uint b, uint c, uint d, uint e, uint f, uint g) {
                a = m_data.length;
                b = m_data[7];
                c = m_data_dyn.length;
                d = m_data_dyn[7];
                e = m_byte_data.length;
                f = m_byte_data[3].length;
                g = m_byte_data[3][1];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("store(uint256[9],uint8[3][])", encodeArgs(
        21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, // a
        u256(32 * (9 + 1)),
        4, // size of b
        1, 2, 3, // b[0]
        11, 12, 13, // b[1]
        21, 22, 23, // b[2]
        31, 32, 33 // b[3]
    )), encodeArgs(32));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("retrieve()"), encodeArgs(
        9, 28, 9, 28,
        4, 3, 32));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_nested_array)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            uint[4][] a;
            uint[10][] b;
            uint[][] c;
            function test(uint[2][] calldata d) external returns (uint) {
                a = d;
                b = a;
                c = b;
                return c[1][1] | c[1][2] | c[1][3] | c[1][4];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test(uint256[2][])", encodeArgs(
        32, 3,
        7, 8,
        9, 10,
        11, 12
    )), encodeArgs(10));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(array_copy_including_mapping)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            mapping(uint=>uint)[90][] large;
            mapping(uint=>uint)[3][] small;
            function test() public returns (uint r) {
                large.length = small.length = 7;
                large[3][2][0] = 2;
                large[1] = large[3];
                small[3][2][0] = 2;
                small[1] = small[2];
                r = ((
                    small[3][2][0] * 0x100 |
                    small[1][2][0]) * 0x100 |
                    large[3][2][0]) * 0x100 |
                    large[1][2][0];
                delete small;
                delete large;
            }
            function clear() public returns (uint r) {
                large.length = small.length = 7;
                small[3][2][0] = 0;
                large[3][2][0] = 0;
                small.length = large.length = 0;
                return 7;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(0x02000200));
    // storage is not empty because we cannot delete the mappings
    BOOST_CHECK(!storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("clear()"), encodeArgs(7));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(swap_in_storage_overwrite)
{
    // This tests a swap in storage which does not work as one
    // might expect because we do not have temporary storage.
    // (x, y) = (y, x) is the same as
    // y = x;
    // x = y;
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            struct S { uint a; uint b; }
            S public x;
            S public y;
            function set() public {
                x.a = 1; x.b = 2;
                y.a = 3; y.b = 4;
            }
            function swap() public {
                (x, y) = (y, x);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("y()"), encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("y()"), encodeArgs(u256(3), u256(4)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("swap()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("y()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(pass_dynamic_arguments_to_the_base)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            constructor(uint i) public
            {
                m_i = i;
            }
            uint public m_i;
        }
        contract Derived is Base {
            constructor(uint i) Base(i) public
            {}
        }
        contract Final is Derived(4) {
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("m_i()"), encodeArgs(4));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(pass_dynamic_arguments_to_the_base_base)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            constructor(uint j) public
            {
                m_i = j;
            }
            uint public m_i;
        }
        contract Base1 is Base {
            constructor(uint k) Base(k) public {}
        }
        contract Derived is Base, Base1 {
            constructor(uint i) Base1(i) public
            {}
        }
        contract Final is Derived(4) {
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("m_i()"), encodeArgs(4));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(pass_dynamic_arguments_to_the_base_base_with_gap)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            constructor(uint i) public
            {
                m_i = i;
            }
            uint public m_i;
        }
        contract Base1 is Base {
            constructor(uint k) public {}
        }
        contract Derived is Base, Base1 {
            constructor(uint i) Base(i) Base1(7) public {}
        }
        contract Final is Derived(4) {
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("m_i()"), encodeArgs(4));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(simple_constant_variables_test)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Foo {
            function getX() public returns (uint r) { return x; }
            uint constant x = 56;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getX()"), encodeArgs(56));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constant_variables)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Foo {
            uint constant x = 56;
            enum ActionChoices { GoLeft, GoRight, GoStraight, Sit }
            ActionChoices constant choices = ActionChoices.GoLeft;
            bytes32 constant st = "abc\x00\xff__";
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(assignment_to_const_var_involving_expression)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint constant x = 0x123 + 0x456;
            function f() public returns (uint) { return x + 1; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0x123 + 0x456 + 1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(assignment_to_const_var_involving_keccak)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            bytes32 constant x = keccak256("abc");
            function f() public returns (bytes32) { return x; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(dev::keccak256("abc")));
}

// Disabled until https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/715 is implemented
//BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(assignment_to_const_array_vars)
//{
//  char const* sourceCode = R"(
//      contract C {
//          uint[3] constant x = [uint(1), 2, 3];
//          uint constant y = x[0] + x[1] + x[2];
//          function f() public returns (uint) { return y; }
//      }
//  )";
//  compileAndRun(sourceCode);
//  ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(1 + 2 + 3));
//}

// Disabled until https://github.com/ethereum/solidity/issues/715 is implemented
//BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constant_struct)
//{
//  char const* sourceCode = R"(
//      contract C {
//          struct S { uint x; uint[] y; }
//          S constant x = S(5, new uint[](4));
//          function f() public returns (uint) { return x.x; }
//      }
//  )";
//  compileAndRun(sourceCode);
//  ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(5));
//}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_storage_structs_uint)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct str { uint8 a; uint16 b; uint248 c; }
            str data;
            function test() public returns (uint) {
                data.a = 2;
                if (data.a != 2) return 2;
                data.b = 0xabcd;
                if (data.b != 0xabcd) return 3;
                data.c = 0x1234567890;
                if (data.c != 0x1234567890) return 4;
                if (data.a != 2) return 5;
                data.a = 8;
                if (data.a != 8) return 6;
                if (data.b != 0xabcd) return 7;
                data.b = 0xdcab;
                if (data.b != 0xdcab) return 8;
                if (data.c != 0x1234567890) return 9;
                data.c = 0x9876543210;
                if (data.c != 0x9876543210) return 10;
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_storage_structs_enum)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            enum small { A, B, C, D }
            enum larger { A, B, C, D, E}
            struct str { small a; small b; larger c; larger d; }
            str data;
            function test() public returns (uint) {
                data.a = small.B;
                if (data.a != small.B) return 2;
                data.b = small.C;
                if (data.b != small.C) return 3;
                data.c = larger.D;
                if (data.c != larger.D) return 4;
                if (data.a != small.B) return 5;
                data.a = small.C;
                if (data.a != small.C) return 6;
                if (data.b != small.C) return 7;
                data.b = small.D;
                if (data.b != small.D) return 8;
                if (data.c != larger.D) return 9;
                data.c = larger.B;
                if (data.c != larger.B) return 10;
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_storage_structs_bytes)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct s1 { byte a; byte b; bytes10 c; bytes9 d; bytes10 e; }
            struct s2 { byte a; s1 inner; byte b; byte c; }
            byte x;
            s2 data;
            byte y;
            function test() public returns (bool) {
                x = 0x01;
                data.a = 0x02;
                data.inner.a = 0x03;
                data.inner.b = 0x04;
                data.inner.c = "1234567890";
                data.inner.d = "123456789";
                data.inner.e = "abcdefghij";
                data.b = 0x05;
                data.c = byte(0x06);
                y = 0x07;
                return x == 0x01 && data.a == 0x02 && data.inner.a == 0x03 && data.inner.b == 0x04 &&
                    data.inner.c == "1234567890" && data.inner.d == "123456789" &&
                    data.inner.e == "abcdefghij" && data.b == 0x05 && data.c == byte(0x06) && y == 0x07;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_storage_structs_delete)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct str { uint8 a; uint16 b; uint8 c; }
            uint8 x;
            uint16 y;
            str data;
            function test() public returns (uint) {
                x = 1;
                y = 2;
                data.a = 2;
                data.b = 0xabcd;
                data.c = 0xfa;
                if (x != 1 || y != 2 || data.a != 2 || data.b != 0xabcd || data.c != 0xfa)
                    return 2;
                delete y;
                delete data.b;
                if (x != 1 || y != 0 || data.a != 2 || data.b != 0 || data.c != 0xfa)
                    return 3;
                delete x;
                delete data;
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(1));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(overloaded_function_call_resolve_to_first)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint k) public returns(uint d) { return k; }
            function f(uint a, uint b) public returns(uint d) { return a + b; }
            function g() public returns(uint d) { return f(3); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(overloaded_function_call_resolve_to_second)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint a, uint b) public returns(uint d) { return a + b; }
            function f(uint k) public returns(uint d) { return k; }
            function g() public returns(uint d) { return f(3, 7); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(10));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(overloaded_function_call_with_if_else)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(uint a, uint b) public returns(uint d) { return a + b; }
            function f(uint k) public returns(uint d) { return k; }
            function g(bool flag) public returns(uint d) {
                if (flag)
                    return f(3);
                else
                    return f(3, 7);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bool)", true), encodeArgs(3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bool)", false), encodeArgs(10));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(derived_overload_base_function_direct)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract B { function f() public returns(uint) { return 10; } }
        contract C is B {
            function f(uint i) public returns(uint) { return 2 * i; }
            function g() public returns(uint) { return f(1); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(derived_overload_base_function_indirect)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A { function f(uint a) public returns(uint) { return 2 * a; } }
        contract B { function f() public returns(uint) { return 10; } }
        contract C is A, B {
            function g() public returns(uint) { return f(); }
            function h() public returns(uint) { return f(1); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(10));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(super_overload)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A { function f(uint a) public returns(uint) { return 2 * a; } }
        contract B { function f(bool b) public returns(uint) { return 10; } }
        contract C is A, B {
            function g() public returns(uint) { return super.f(true); }
            function h() public returns(uint) { return super.f(1); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(10));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(gasleft_shadow_resolution)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function gasleft() public returns(uint256) { return 0; }
            function f() public returns(uint256) { return gasleft(); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bool_conversion)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(bool _b) public returns(uint) {
                if (_b)
                    return 1;
                else
                    return 0;
            }
            function g(bool _in) public returns (bool _out) {
                _out = _in;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", 0), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", 1), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", 2), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", 3), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", 255), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bool)", 0), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bool)", 1), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bool)", 2), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bool)", 3), encodeArgs(1));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bool)", 255), encodeArgs(1));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_storage_signed)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            int8 a;
            uint8 b;
            int8 c;
            uint8 d;
            function test() public returns (uint x1, uint x2, uint x3, uint x4) {
                a = -2;
                b = -uint8(a) * 2;
                c = a * int8(120) * int8(121);
                x1 = uint(a);
                x2 = b;
                x3 = uint(c);
                x4 = d;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(u256(-2), u256(4), u256(-112), u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(external_types_in_calls)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C1 { C1 public bla; constructor(C1 x) public { bla = x; } }
        contract C {
            function test() public returns (C1 x, C1 y) {
                C1 c = new C1(C1(9));
                x = c.bla();
                y = this.t1(C1(7));
            }
            function t1(C1 a) public returns (C1) { return a; }
            function t2() public returns (C1) { return C1(9); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(u256(9), u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t2()"), encodeArgs(u256(9)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(invalid_enum_compared)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            enum X { A, B }

            function test_eq() public returns (bool) {
                X garbled;
                assembly {
                    garbled := 5
                }
                return garbled == garbled;
            }
            function test_eq_ok() public returns (bool) {
                X garbled = X.A;
                return garbled == garbled;
            }
            function test_neq() public returns (bool) {
                X garbled;
                assembly {
                    garbled := 5
                }
                return garbled != garbled;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_eq_ok()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    // both should throw
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_eq()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_neq()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(invalid_enum_logged)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            enum X { A, B }
            event Log(X);

            function test_log() public returns (uint) {
                X garbled = X.A;
                assembly {
                    garbled := 5
                }
                emit Log(garbled);
                return 1;
            }
            function test_log_ok() public returns (uint) {
                X x = X.A;
                emit Log(x);
                return 1;
            }
        }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_log_ok()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs.size(), 1);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(m_logs[0].address, m_contractAddress);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics.size(), 1);
    BOOST_REQUIRE_EQUAL(m_logs[0].topics[0], dev::keccak256(string("Log(uint8)")));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(h256(m_logs[0].data), h256(u256(0)));

    // should throw
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_log()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(invalid_enum_stored)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            enum X { A, B }
            X public x;

            function test_store() public returns (uint) {
                X garbled = X.A;
                assembly {
                    garbled := 5
                }
                x = garbled;
                return 1;
            }
            function test_store_ok() public returns (uint) {
                x = X.A;
                return 1;
            }
        }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_store_ok()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));

    // should throw
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_store()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(invalid_enum_as_external_ret)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            enum X { A, B }

            function test_return() public returns (X) {
                X garbled;
                assembly {
                    garbled := 5
                }
                return garbled;
            }
            function test_inline_assignment() public returns (X _ret) {
                assembly {
                    _ret := 5
                }
            }
            function test_assignment() public returns (X _ret) {
                X tmp;
                assembly {
                    tmp := 5
                }
                _ret = tmp;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    // both should throw
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_return()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_inline_assignment()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test_assignment()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(invalid_enum_as_external_arg)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            enum X { A, B }

            function tested (X x) public returns (uint) {
                return 1;
            }

            function test() public returns (uint) {
                X garbled;

                assembly {
                    garbled := 5
                }

                return this.tested(garbled);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    // should throw
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs());
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(proper_order_of_overwriting_of_attributes)
{
    // bug #1798
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract init {
            function isOk() public returns (bool) { return false; }
            bool public ok = false;
        }
        contract fix {
            function isOk() public returns (bool) { return true; }
            bool public ok = true;
        }

        contract init_fix is init, fix {
            function checkOk() public returns (bool) { return ok; }
        }
        contract fix_init is fix, init {
            function checkOk() public returns (bool) { return ok; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "init_fix");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("isOk()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("ok()"), encodeArgs(true));

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "fix_init");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("isOk()"), encodeArgs(false));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("ok()"), encodeArgs(false));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_assign_reference_to_struct)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            struct testStruct
            {
                uint m_value;
            }
            testStruct data1;
            testStruct data2;
            testStruct data3;
            constructor() public
            {
                data1.m_value = 2;
            }
            function assign() public returns (uint ret_local, uint ret_global, uint ret_global3, uint ret_global1)
            {
                testStruct storage x = data1; //x is a reference data1.m_value == 2 as well as x.m_value = 2
                data2 = data1; // should copy data. data2.m_value == 2

                ret_local = x.m_value; // = 2
                ret_global = data2.m_value; // = 2

                x.m_value = 3;
                data3 = x; //should copy the data. data3.m_value == 3
                ret_global3 = data3.m_value; // = 3
                ret_global1 = data1.m_value; // = 3. Changed due to the assignment to x.m_value
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "test");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("assign()"), encodeArgs(2, 2, 3, 3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_delete_member)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            struct testStruct
            {
                uint m_value;
            }
            testStruct data1;
            constructor() public
            {
                data1.m_value = 2;
            }
            function deleteMember() public returns (uint ret_value)
            {
                testStruct storage x = data1; //should not copy the data. data1.m_value == 2 but x.m_value = 0
                x.m_value = 4;
                delete x.m_value;
                ret_value = data1.m_value;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "test");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("deleteMember()"), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_delete_struct_in_mapping)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            struct testStruct
            {
                uint m_value;
            }
            mapping (uint => testStruct) campaigns;

            constructor() public
            {
                campaigns[0].m_value = 2;
            }
            function deleteIt() public returns (uint)
            {
                delete campaigns[0];
                return campaigns[0].m_value;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "test");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("deleteIt()"), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(evm_exceptions_out_of_band_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint[3] arr;
            bool public test = false;
            function getElement(uint i) public returns (uint)
            {
                return arr[i];
            }
            function testIt() public returns (bool)
            {
                uint i = this.getElement(5);
                test = true;
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "A");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(false));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("testIt()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(false));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(evm_exceptions_in_constructor_call_fail)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            constructor() public
            {
                address(this).call("123");
            }
        }
        contract B {
            uint public test = 1;
            function testIt() public
            {
                A a = new A();
                ++test;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "B");

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("testIt()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(evm_exceptions_in_constructor_out_of_baund)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint public test = 1;
            uint[3] arr;
            constructor() public
            {
                uint index = 5;
                test = arr[index];
                ++test;
            }
        }
    )";
    ABI_CHECK(compileAndRunWithoutCheck(sourceCode, 0, "A"), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK(!m_transactionSuccessful);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(positive_integers_to_signed)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            int8 public x = 2;
            int8 public y = 127;
            int16 public q = 250;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "test");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("y()"), encodeArgs(127));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("q()"), encodeArgs(250));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(failing_send)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            uint[] data;
            function () external {
                data[9]; // trigger exception
            }
        }
        contract Main {
            constructor() public payable {}
            function callHelper(address payable _a) public returns (bool r, uint bal) {
                r = !_a.send(5);
                bal = address(this).balance;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Helper");
    u160 const c_helperAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 20, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("callHelper(address)", c_helperAddress) == encodeArgs(true, 20));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(send_zero_ether)
{
    // Sending zero ether to a contract should still invoke the fallback function
    // (it previously did not because the gas stipend was not provided by the EVM)
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Receiver {
            function () external payable {
            }
        }
        contract Main {
            constructor() public payable {}
            function s() public returns (bool) {
                Receiver r = new Receiver();
                return address(r).send(0);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 20, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("s()") == encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(reusing_memory)
{
    // Invoke some features that use memory and test that they do not interfere with each other.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Helper {
            uint public flag;
            constructor(uint x) public {
                flag = x;
            }
        }
        contract Main {
            mapping(uint => uint) map;
            function f(uint x) public returns (uint) {
                map[x] = x;
                return (new Helper(uint(keccak256(abi.encodePacked(this.g(map[x])))))).flag();
            }
            function g(uint a) public returns (uint)
            {
                return map[a];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", 0x34) == encodeArgs(dev::keccak256(dev::toBigEndian(u256(0x34)))));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(return_string)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Main {
            string public s;
            function set(string calldata _s) external {
                s = _s;
            }
            function get1() public returns (string memory r) {
                return s;
            }
            function get2() public returns (string memory r) {
                r = s;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    string s("Julia");
    bytes args = encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(s.length()), s);
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("set(string)", asString(args)) == encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get1()"), args);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get2()"), args);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s()"), args);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(return_multiple_strings_of_various_sizes)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Main {
            string public s1;
            string public s2;
            function set(string calldata _s1, uint x, string calldata _s2) external returns (uint) {
                s1 = _s1;
                s2 = _s2;
                return x;
            }
            function get() public returns (string memory r1, string memory r2) {
                r1 = s1;
                r2 = s2;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    string s1(
        "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
        "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
        "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
        "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"
    );
    string s2(
        "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ"
        "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ"
        "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ"
        "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ"
        "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ"
    );
    vector<size_t> lengths{0, 30, 32, 63, 64, 65, 210, 300};
    for (auto l1: lengths)
        for (auto l2: lengths)
        {
            bytes dyn1 = encodeArgs(u256(l1), s1.substr(0, l1));
            bytes dyn2 = encodeArgs(u256(l2), s2.substr(0, l2));
            bytes args = encodeArgs(u256(0x60), u256(l1), u256(0x60 + dyn1.size())) + dyn1 + dyn2;
            BOOST_REQUIRE(
                callContractFunction("set(string,uint256,string)", asString(args)) ==
                encodeArgs(u256(l1))
            );
            bytes result = encodeArgs(u256(0x40), u256(0x40 + dyn1.size())) + dyn1 + dyn2;
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), result);
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s1()"), encodeArgs(0x20) + dyn1);
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s2()"), encodeArgs(0x20) + dyn2);
        }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(accessor_involving_strings)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Main {
            struct stringData { string a; uint b; string c; }
            mapping(uint => stringData[]) public data;
            function set(uint x, uint y, string calldata a, uint b, string calldata c) external returns (bool) {
                data[x].length = y + 1;
                data[x][y].a = a;
                data[x][y].b = b;
                data[x][y].c = c;
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    string s1("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
    string s2("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ");
    bytes s1Data = encodeArgs(u256(s1.length()), s1);
    bytes s2Data = encodeArgs(u256(s2.length()), s2);
    u256 b = 765;
    u256 x = 7;
    u256 y = 123;
    bytes args = encodeArgs(x, y, u256(0xa0), b, u256(0xa0 + s1Data.size()), s1Data, s2Data);
    bytes result = encodeArgs(u256(0x60), b, u256(0x60 + s1Data.size()), s1Data, s2Data);
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256,string,uint256,string)", asString(args)) == encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("data(uint256,uint256)", x, y) == result);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_in_function_calls)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Main {
            string public s1;
            string public s2;
            function set(string memory _s1, uint x, string memory _s2) public returns (uint) {
                s1 = _s1;
                s2 = _s2;
                return x;
            }
            function setIndirectFromMemory(string memory _s1, uint x, string memory _s2) public returns (uint) {
                return this.set(_s1, x, _s2);
            }
            function setIndirectFromCalldata(string calldata _s1, uint x, string calldata _s2) external returns (uint) {
                return this.set(_s1, x, _s2);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    string s1("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
    string s2("ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVXYZ");
    vector<size_t> lengths{0, 31, 64, 65};
    for (auto l1: lengths)
        for (auto l2: lengths)
        {
            bytes dyn1 = encodeArgs(u256(l1), s1.substr(0, l1));
            bytes dyn2 = encodeArgs(u256(l2), s2.substr(0, l2));
            bytes args1 = encodeArgs(u256(0x60), u256(l1), u256(0x60 + dyn1.size())) + dyn1 + dyn2;
            BOOST_REQUIRE(
                callContractFunction("setIndirectFromMemory(string,uint256,string)", asString(args1)) ==
                encodeArgs(u256(l1))
            );
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s1()"), encodeArgs(0x20) + dyn1);
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s2()"), encodeArgs(0x20) + dyn2);
            // swapped
            bytes args2 = encodeArgs(u256(0x60), u256(l1), u256(0x60 + dyn2.size())) + dyn2 + dyn1;
            BOOST_REQUIRE(
                callContractFunction("setIndirectFromCalldata(string,uint256,string)", asString(args2)) ==
                encodeArgs(u256(l1))
            );
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s1()"), encodeArgs(0x20) + dyn2);
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s2()"), encodeArgs(0x20) + dyn1);
        }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(return_bytes_internal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Main {
            bytes s1;
            function doSet(bytes memory _s1) public returns (bytes memory _r1) {
                s1 = _s1;
                _r1 = s1;
            }
            function set(bytes calldata _s1) external returns (uint _r, bytes memory _r1) {
                _r1 = doSet(_s1);
                _r = _r1.length;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    string s1("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
    vector<size_t> lengths{0, 31, 64, 65};
    for (auto l1: lengths)
    {
        bytes dyn1 = encodeArgs(u256(l1), s1.substr(0, l1));
        bytes args1 = encodeArgs(u256(0x20)) + dyn1;
        BOOST_REQUIRE(
            callContractFunction("set(bytes)", asString(args1)) ==
            encodeArgs(u256(l1), u256(0x40)) + dyn1
        );
    }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_index_access_memory)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Main {
            function f(bytes memory _s1, uint i1, uint i2, uint i3) public returns (byte c1, byte c2, byte c3) {
                c1 = _s1[i1];
                c2 = intern(_s1, i2);
                c3 = internIndirect(_s1)[i3];
            }
            function intern(bytes memory _s1, uint i) public returns (byte c) {
                return _s1[i];
            }
            function internIndirect(bytes memory _s1) public returns (bytes memory) {
                return _s1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Main");
    string s1("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
    bytes dyn1 = encodeArgs(u256(s1.length()), s1);
    bytes args1 = encodeArgs(u256(0x80), u256(3), u256(4), u256(5)) + dyn1;
    BOOST_REQUIRE(
        callContractFunction("f(bytes,uint256,uint256,uint256)", asString(args1)) ==
        encodeArgs(string{s1[3]}, string{s1[4]}, string{s1[5]})
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_in_constructors_unpacker)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            uint public m_x;
            bytes public m_s;
            constructor(uint x, bytes memory s) public {
                m_x = x;
                m_s = s;
            }
        }
    )";
    string s1("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
    bytes dyn1 = encodeArgs(u256(s1.length()), s1);
    u256 x = 7;
    bytes args1 = encodeArgs(x, u256(0x40)) + dyn1;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", args1);
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("m_x()") == encodeArgs(x));
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("m_s()") == encodeArgs(u256(0x20)) + dyn1);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_in_constructors_packer)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            uint public m_x;
            bytes m_s;
            constructor(uint x, bytes memory s) public {
                m_x = x;
                m_s = s;
            }
            function part(uint i) public returns (byte) {
                return m_s[i];
            }
        }
        contract Main is Base {
            constructor(bytes memory s, uint x) Base(x, f(s)) public {}
            function f(bytes memory s) public returns (bytes memory) {
                return s;
            }
        }
        contract Creator {
            function f(uint x, bytes memory s) public returns (uint r, byte ch) {
                Main c = new Main(s, x);
                r = c.m_x();
                ch = c.part(x);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Creator");
    string s1("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz");
    bytes dyn1 = encodeArgs(u256(s1.length()), s1);
    u256 x = 7;
    bytes args1 = encodeArgs(x, u256(0x40)) + dyn1;
    BOOST_REQUIRE(
        callContractFunction("f(uint256,bytes)", asString(args1)) ==
        encodeArgs(x, string{s1[unsigned(x)]})
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(arrays_in_constructors)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Base {
            uint public m_x;
            address[] m_s;
            constructor(uint x, address[] memory s) public {
                m_x = x;
                m_s = s;
            }
            function part(uint i) public returns (address) {
                return m_s[i];
            }
        }
        contract Main is Base {
            constructor(address[] memory s, uint x) Base(x, f(s)) public {}
            function f(address[] memory s) public returns (address[] memory) {
                return s;
            }
        }
        contract Creator {
            function f(uint x, address[] memory s) public returns (uint r, address ch) {
                Main c = new Main(s, x);
                r = c.m_x();
                ch = c.part(x);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Creator");
    vector<u256> s1{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10};
    bytes dyn1 = encodeArgs(u256(s1.size()), s1);
    u256 x = 7;
    bytes args1 = encodeArgs(x, u256(0x40)) + dyn1;
    BOOST_REQUIRE(
        callContractFunction("f(uint256,address[])", asString(args1)) ==
        encodeArgs(x, s1[unsigned(x)])
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(fixed_arrays_in_constructors)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Creator {
            uint public r;
            address public ch;
            constructor(address[3] memory s, uint x) public {
                r = x;
                ch = s[2];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Creator", encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("r()") == encodeArgs(u256(4)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("ch()") == encodeArgs(u256(3)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(arrays_from_and_to_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            uint24[] public data;
            function set(uint24[] memory _data) public returns (uint) {
                data = _data;
                return data.length;
            }
            function get() public returns (uint24[] memory) {
                return data;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    vector<u256> data{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18};
    BOOST_REQUIRE(
        callContractFunction("set(uint24[])", u256(0x20), u256(data.size()), data) ==
        encodeArgs(u256(data.size()))
    );
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256)", u256(7)), encodeArgs(u256(8)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256)", u256(15)), encodeArgs(u256(16)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256)", u256(18)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(data.size()), data));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(arrays_complex_from_and_to_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            uint24[3][] public data;
            function set(uint24[3][] memory _data) public returns (uint) {
                data = _data;
                return data.length;
            }
            function get() public returns (uint24[3][] memory) {
                return data;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    vector<u256> data{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18};
    BOOST_REQUIRE(
        callContractFunction("set(uint24[3][])", u256(0x20), u256(data.size() / 3), data) ==
        encodeArgs(u256(data.size() / 3))
    );
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256,uint256)", u256(2), u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(9)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256,uint256)", u256(5), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(17)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256,uint256)", u256(6), u256(0)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(data.size() / 3), data));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(arrays_complex_memory_index_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function set(uint24[3][] memory _data, uint a, uint b) public returns (uint l, uint e) {
                l = _data.length;
                e = _data[a][b];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    vector<u256> data{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18};
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction(
            "set(uint24[3][],uint256,uint256)",
            u256(0x60),
            u256(3),
            u256(2),
            u256(data.size() / 3),
            data
    ) == encodeArgs(u256(data.size() / 3), u256(data[3 * 3 + 2])));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bytes_memory_index_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function set(bytes memory _data, uint i) public returns (uint l, byte c) {
                l = _data.length;
                c = _data[i];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    string data("abcdefgh");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction(
            "set(bytes,uint256)",
            u256(0x40),
            u256(3),
            u256(data.size()),
            data
    ) == encodeArgs(u256(data.size()), string("d")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(storage_array_ref)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract BinarySearch {
          /// Finds the position of _value in the sorted list _data.
          /// Note that "internal" is important here, because storage references only work for internal or private functions
          function find(uint[] storage _data, uint _value) internal returns (uint o_position) {
            return find(_data, 0, _data.length, _value);
          }
          function find(uint[] storage _data, uint _begin, uint _len, uint _value) private returns (uint o_position) {
            if (_len == 0 || (_len == 1 && _data[_begin] != _value))
              return uint(-1); // failure
            uint halfLen = _len / 2;
            uint v = _data[_begin + halfLen];
            if (_value < v)
              return find(_data, _begin, halfLen, _value);
            else if (_value > v)
              return find(_data, _begin + halfLen + 1, halfLen - 1, _value);
            else
              return _begin + halfLen;
          }
        }

        contract Store is BinarySearch {
            uint[] data;
            function add(uint v) public {
                data.length++;
                data[data.length - 1] = v;
            }
            function find(uint v) public returns (uint) {
                return find(data, v);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Store");
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("find(uint256)", u256(7)) == encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("add(uint256)", u256(7)) == encodeArgs());
    BOOST_REQUIRE(callContractFunction("find(uint256)", u256(7)) == encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("add(uint256)", u256(11)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("add(uint256)", u256(17)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("add(uint256)", u256(27)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("add(uint256)", u256(31)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("add(uint256)", u256(32)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("add(uint256)", u256(66)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("add(uint256)", u256(177)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("find(uint256)", u256(7)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("find(uint256)", u256(27)), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("find(uint256)", u256(32)), encodeArgs(u256(5)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("find(uint256)", u256(176)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("find(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("find(uint256)", u256(400)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_types_initialisation)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            mapping(uint=>uint) data;
            function stat() public returns (uint[5] memory)
            {
                data[2] = 3; // make sure to use some memory
            }
            function dyn() public returns (uint[] memory) { stat(); }
            function nested() public returns (uint[3][] memory) { stat(); }
            function nestedStat() public returns (uint[3][7] memory) { stat(); }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("stat()"), encodeArgs(vector<u256>(5)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("dyn()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("nested()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("nestedStat()"), encodeArgs(vector<u256>(3 * 7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_arrays_delete)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function del() public returns (uint24[3][4] memory) {
                uint24[3][4] memory x;
                for (uint24 i = 0; i < x.length; i ++)
                    for (uint24 j = 0; j < x[i].length; j ++)
                        x[i][j] = i * 0x10 + j;
                delete x[1];
                delete x[3][2];
                return x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    vector<u256> data(3 * 4);
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < 4; i++)
        for (unsigned j = 0; j < 3; j++)
        {
            u256 v = 0;
            if (!(i == 1 || (i == 3 && j == 2)))
                v = i * 0x10 + j;
            data[i * 3 + j] = v;
        }
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("del()"), encodeArgs(data));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_arrays_index_access_write)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function set(uint24[3][4] memory x) public {
                x[2][2] = 1;
                x[3][2] = 7;
            }
            function f() public returns (uint24[3][4] memory){
                uint24[3][4] memory data;
                set(data);
                return data;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    vector<u256> data(3 * 4);
    data[3 * 2 + 2] = 1;
    data[3 * 3 + 2] = 7;
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(data));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_arrays_dynamic_index_access_write)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            uint24[3][][4] data;
            function set(uint24[3][][4] memory x) internal returns (uint24[3][][4] memory) {
                x[1][2][2] = 1;
                x[1][3][2] = 7;
                return x;
            }
            function f() public returns (uint24[3][] memory) {
                data[1].length = 4;
                return set(data)[1];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    vector<u256> data(3 * 4);
    data[3 * 2 + 2] = 1;
    data[3 * 3 + 2] = 7;
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(4), data));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_structs_read_write)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            struct S { uint8 x; uint16 y; uint z; uint8[2] a; }
            S[5] data;
            function testInit() public returns (uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z, uint8 a, bool flag) {
                S[2] memory d;
                x = d[0].x;
                y = d[0].y;
                z = d[0].z;
                a = d[0].a[1];
                flag = true;
            }
            function testCopyRead() public returns (uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z, uint8 a) {
                data[2].x = 1;
                data[2].y = 2;
                data[2].z = 3;
                data[2].a[1] = 4;
                S memory s = data[2];
                x = s.x;
                y = s.y;
                z = s.z;
                a = s.a[1];
            }
            function testAssign() public returns (uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z, uint8 a) {
                S memory s;
                s.x = 1;
                s.y = 2;
                s.z = 3;
                s.a[1] = 4;
                x = s.x;
                y = s.y;
                z = s.z;
                a = s.a[1];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("testInit()"), encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(0), u256(0), u256(0), true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("testCopyRead()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("testAssign()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_structs_as_function_args)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            struct S { uint8 x; uint16 y; uint z; }
            function test() public returns (uint x, uint y, uint z) {
                S memory data = combine(1, 2, 3);
                x = extract(data, 0);
                y = extract(data, 1);
                z = extract(data, 2);
            }
            function extract(S memory s, uint which) internal returns (uint x) {
                if (which == 0) return s.x;
                else if (which == 1) return s.y;
                else return s.z;
            }
            function combine(uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z) internal returns (S memory s) {
                s.x = x;
                s.y = y;
                s.z = z;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_structs_nested)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            struct S { uint8 x; uint16 y; uint z; }
            struct X { uint8 x; S s; }
            function test() public returns (uint a, uint x, uint y, uint z) {
                X memory d = combine(1, 2, 3, 4);
                a = extract(d, 0);
                x = extract(d, 1);
                y = extract(d, 2);
                z = extract(d, 3);
            }
            function extract(X memory s, uint which) internal returns (uint x) {
                if (which == 0) return s.x;
                else if (which == 1) return s.s.x;
                else if (which == 2) return s.s.y;
                else return s.s.z;
            }
            function combine(uint8 a, uint8 x, uint16 y, uint z) internal returns (X memory s) {
                s.x = a;
                s.s.x = x;
                s.s.y = y;
                s.s.z = z;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_structs_nested_load)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            struct S { uint8 x; uint16 y; uint z; }
            struct X { uint8 x; S s; uint8[2] a; }
            X m_x;
            function load() public returns (uint a, uint x, uint y, uint z, uint a1, uint a2) {
                m_x.x = 1;
                m_x.s.x = 2;
                m_x.s.y = 3;
                m_x.s.z = 4;
                m_x.a[0] = 5;
                m_x.a[1] = 6;
                X memory d = m_x;
                a = d.x;
                x = d.s.x;
                y = d.s.y;
                z = d.s.z;
                a1 = d.a[0];
                a2 = d.a[1];
            }
            function store() public returns (uint a, uint x, uint y, uint z, uint a1, uint a2) {
                X memory d;
                d.x = 1;
                d.s.x = 2;
                d.s.y = 3;
                d.s.z = 4;
                d.a[0] = 5;
                d.a[1] = 6;
                m_x = d;
                a = m_x.x;
                x = m_x.s.x;
                y = m_x.s.y;
                z = m_x.s.z;
                a1 = m_x.a[0];
                a2 = m_x.a[1];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");

    auto out = encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(3), u256(4), u256(5), u256(6));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("load()"), out);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("store()"), out);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_constructor_nested)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct X { uint x1; uint x2; }
            struct S { uint s1; uint[3] s2; X s3; }
            S s;
            constructor() public {
                uint[3] memory s2;
                s2[1] = 9;
                s = S(1, s2, X(4, 5));
            }
            function get() public returns (uint s1, uint[3] memory s2, uint x1, uint x2)
            {
                s1 = s.s1;
                s2 = s.s2;
                x1 = s.s3.x1;
                x2 = s.s3.x2;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");

    auto out = encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(0), u256(9), u256(0), u256(4), u256(5));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), out);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(struct_named_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct S { uint a; bool x; }
            S public s;
            constructor() public {
                s = S({a: 1, x: true});
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("s()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(literal_strings)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            string public long;
            string public medium;
            string public short;
            string public empty;
            function f() public returns (string memory) {
                long = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678900123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
                medium = "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789";
                short = "123";
                empty = "";
                return "Hello, World!";
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
    string longStr = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678900123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
    string medium = "01234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789";
    string shortStr = "123";
    string hello = "Hello, World!";

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeDyn(hello));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("long()"), encodeDyn(longStr));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("medium()"), encodeDyn(medium));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("short()"), encodeDyn(shortStr));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("empty()"), encodeDyn(string()));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(initialise_string_constant)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            string public short = "abcdef";
            string public long = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678900123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
    string longStr = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678900123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
    string shortStr = "abcdef";

    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("long()"), encodeDyn(longStr));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("short()"), encodeDyn(shortStr));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_structs_with_mappings)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            struct S { uint8 a; mapping(uint => uint) b; uint8 c; }
            S s;
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                S memory x;
                if (x.a != 0 || x.c != 0) return 1;
                x.a = 4; x.c = 5;
                s = x;
                if (s.a != 4 || s.c != 5) return 2;
                x = S(2, 3);
                if (x.a != 2 || x.c != 3) return 3;
                x = s;
                if (s.a != 4 || s.c != 5) return 4;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(string_bytes_conversion)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            string s;
            bytes b;
            function f(string memory _s, uint n) public returns (byte) {
                b = bytes(_s);
                s = string(b);
                return bytes(s)[n];
            }
            function l() public returns (uint) { return bytes(s).length; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction(
        "f(string,uint256)",
        u256(0x40),
        u256(2),
        u256(6),
        string("abcdef")
    ), encodeArgs("c"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("l()"), encodeArgs(u256(6)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(string_as_mapping_key)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            mapping(string => uint) data;
            function set(string memory _s, uint _v) public { data[_s] = _v; }
            function get(string memory _s) public returns (uint) { return data[_s]; }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
    vector<string> strings{
        "Hello, World!",
        "Hello,                            World!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1111",
        "",
        "1"
    };
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < strings.size(); i++)
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction(
            "set(string,uint256)",
            u256(0x40),
            u256(7 + i),
            u256(strings[i].size()),
            strings[i]
        ), encodeArgs());
    for (unsigned i = 0; i < strings.size(); i++)
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction(
            "get(string)",
            u256(0x20),
            u256(strings[i].size()),
            strings[i]
        ), encodeArgs(u256(7 + i)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(accessor_for_state_variable)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Lotto {
            uint public ticketPrice = 500;
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("ticketPrice()"), encodeArgs(u256(500)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(accessor_for_const_state_variable)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Lotto{
            uint constant public ticketPrice = 555;
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("ticketPrice()"), encodeArgs(u256(555)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(state_variable_under_contract_name)
{
    char const* text = R"(
        contract Scope {
            uint stateVar = 42;

            function getStateVar() public view returns (uint stateVar) {
                stateVar = Scope.stateVar;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(text);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getStateVar()"), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(state_variable_local_variable_mixture)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint x = 1;
            uint y = 2;
            function a() public returns (uint x) {
                x = A.y;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inherited_function) {
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A { function f() internal returns (uint) { return 1; } }
        contract B is A {
            function f() internal returns (uint) { return 2; }
            function g() public returns (uint) {
                return A.f();
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "B");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inherited_function_from_a_library) {
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library A { function f() internal returns (uint) { return 1; } }
        contract B {
            function f() internal returns (uint) { return 2; }
            function g() public returns (uint) {
                return A.f();
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "B");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inherited_constant_state_var)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint constant x = 7;
        }
        contract B is A {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                return A.x;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "B");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multiple_inherited_state_vars)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            uint x = 7;
        }
        contract B {
            uint x = 9;
        }
        contract C is A, B {
            function a() public returns (uint) {
                return A.x;
            }
            function b() public returns (uint) {
                return B.x;
            }
            function a_set(uint _x) public returns (uint) {
                A.x = _x;
                return 1;
            }
            function b_set(uint _x) public returns (uint) {
                B.x = _x;
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b()"), encodeArgs(u256(9)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a_set(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b_set(uint256)", u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b()"), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constant_string_literal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            bytes32 constant public b = "abcdefghijklmnopq";
            string constant public x = "abefghijklmnopqabcdefghijklmnopqabcdefghijklmnopqabca";

            constructor() public {
                string memory xx = x;
                bytes32 bb = b;
            }
            function getB() public returns (bytes32) { return b; }
            function getX() public returns (string memory) { return x; }
            function getX2() public returns (string memory r) { r = x; }
            function unused() public returns (uint) {
                "unusedunusedunusedunusedunusedunusedunusedunusedunusedunusedunusedunused";
                return 2;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    string longStr = "abefghijklmnopqabcdefghijklmnopqabcdefghijklmnopqabca";
    string shortStr = "abcdefghijklmnopq";
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("b()"), encodeArgs(shortStr));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeDyn(longStr));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getB()"), encodeArgs(shortStr));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getX()"), encodeDyn(longStr));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getX2()"), encodeDyn(longStr));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("unused()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(storage_string_as_mapping_key_without_variable)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            mapping(string => uint) data;
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                data["abc"] = 2;
                return data["abc"];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(library_call)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib { function m(uint x, uint y) public returns (uint) { return x * y; } }
        contract Test {
            function f(uint x) public returns (uint) {
                return Lib.m(x, 9);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(33)), encodeArgs(u256(33) * 9));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(library_function_external)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib { function m(bytes calldata b) external pure returns (byte) { return b[2]; } }
        contract Test {
            function f(bytes memory b) public pure returns (byte) {
                return Lib.m(b);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bytes)", u256(0x20), u256(5), "abcde"), encodeArgs("c"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(library_stray_values)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib { function m(uint x, uint y) public returns (uint) { return x * y; } }
        contract Test {
            function f(uint x) public returns (uint) {
                Lib;
                Lib.m;
                return x + 9;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(33)), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(cross_contract_types)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Lib { struct S {uint a; uint b; } }
        contract Test {
            function f() public returns (uint r) {
                Lib.S memory x = Lib.S({a: 2, b: 3});
                r = x.b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(simple_throw)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Test {
            function f(uint x) public returns (uint) {
                if (x > 10)
                    return x + 10;
                else
                    revert();
                return 2;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(11)), encodeArgs(u256(21)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(strings_in_struct)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract buggystruct {
            Buggy public bug;

            struct Buggy {
                uint first;
                uint second;
                uint third;
                string last;
            }

            constructor() public {
                bug = Buggy(10, 20, 30, "asdfghjkl");
            }
            function getFirst() public returns (uint)
            {
                return bug.first;
            }
            function getSecond() public returns (uint)
            {
                return bug.second;
            }
            function getThird() public returns (uint)
            {
                return bug.third;
            }
            function getLast() public returns (string memory)
            {
                return bug.last;
            }
        }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    string s = "asdfghjkl";
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getFirst()"), encodeArgs(u256(10)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getSecond()"), encodeArgs(u256(20)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getThird()"), encodeArgs(u256(30)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("getLast()"), encodeDyn(s));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(fixed_arrays_as_return_type)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            function f(uint16 input) public pure returns (uint16[5] memory arr)
            {
                arr[0] = input;
                arr[1] = ++input;
                arr[2] = ++input;
                arr[3] = ++input;
                arr[4] = ++input;
            }
        }
        contract B {
            function f() public returns (uint16[5] memory res, uint16[5] memory res2)
            {
                A a = new A();
                res = a.f(2);
                res2 = a.f(1000);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "B");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(
        u256(2), u256(3), u256(4), u256(5), u256(6), // first return argument
        u256(1000), u256(1001), u256(1002), u256(1003), u256(1004)) // second return argument
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(internal_types_in_library)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib {
            function find(uint16[] storage _haystack, uint16 _needle) public view returns (uint)
            {
                for (uint i = 0; i < _haystack.length; ++i)
                    if (_haystack[i] == _needle)
                        return i;
                return uint(-1);
            }
        }
        contract Test {
            mapping(string => uint16[]) data;
            function f() public returns (uint a, uint b)
            {
                data["abc"].length = 20;
                data["abc"][4] = 9;
                data["abc"][17] = 3;
                a = Lib.find(data["abc"], 9);
                b = Lib.find(data["abc"], 3);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(4), u256(17)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_arguments_in_library)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib {
            function set(mapping(uint => uint) storage m, uint key, uint value) internal
            {
                m[key] = value;
            }
            function get(mapping(uint => uint) storage m, uint key) internal view returns (uint)
            {
                return m[key];
            }
        }
        contract Test {
            mapping(uint => uint) m;
            function set(uint256 key, uint256 value) public returns (uint)
            {
                uint oldValue = Lib.get(m, key);
                Lib.set(m, key, value);
                return oldValue;
            }
            function get(uint256 key) public view returns (uint) {
                return Lib.get(m, key);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", u256(1), u256(42)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", u256(2), u256(84)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", u256(21), u256(7)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(84)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", u256(1), u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", u256(2), u256(42)), encodeArgs(u256(84)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256,uint256)", u256(21), u256(14)), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(21)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(uint256)", u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(14)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_returns_in_library)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib {
            function choose_mapping(mapping(uint => uint) storage a, mapping(uint => uint) storage b, bool c) internal pure returns(mapping(uint=>uint) storage)
            {
                return c ? a : b;
            }
        }
        contract Test {
            mapping(uint => uint) a;
            mapping(uint => uint) b;
            function set(bool choice, uint256 key, uint256 value) public returns (uint)
            {
                mapping(uint => uint) storage m = Lib.choose_mapping(a, b, choice);
                uint oldValue = m[key];
                m[key] = value;
                return oldValue;
            }
            function get(bool choice, uint256 key) public view returns (uint) {
                return Lib.choose_mapping(a, b, choice)[key];
            }
            function get_a(uint256 key) public view returns (uint) {
                return a[key];
            }
            function get_b(uint256 key) public view returns (uint) {
                return b[key];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", true, u256(1), u256(42)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", true, u256(2), u256(84)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", true, u256(21), u256(7)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", false, u256(1), u256(10)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", false, u256(2), u256(11)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", false, u256(21), u256(12)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", true, u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", true, u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", true, u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(84)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", true, u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_a(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_a(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_a(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(84)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_a(uint256)", u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", false, u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", false, u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(10)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", false, u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(11)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", false, u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(12)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_b(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_b(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(10)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_b(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(11)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_b(uint256)", u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(12)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", true, u256(1), u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", true, u256(2), u256(42)), encodeArgs(u256(84)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", true, u256(21), u256(14)), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", false, u256(1), u256(30)), encodeArgs(u256(10)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", false, u256(2), u256(31)), encodeArgs(u256(11)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(bool,uint256,uint256)", false, u256(21), u256(32)), encodeArgs(u256(12)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_a(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_a(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(21)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_a(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_a(uint256)", u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(14)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", true, u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", true, u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(21)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", true, u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", true, u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(14)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_b(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_b(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(30)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_b(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(31)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_b(uint256)", u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(32)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", false, u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", false, u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(30)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", false, u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(31)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get(bool,uint256)", false, u256(21)), encodeArgs(u256(32)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_returns_in_library_named)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib {
            function f(mapping(uint => uint) storage a, mapping(uint => uint) storage b) internal returns(mapping(uint=>uint) storage r)
            {
                r = a;
                r[1] = 42;
                r = b;
                r[1] = 21;
            }
        }
        contract Test {
            mapping(uint => uint) a;
            mapping(uint => uint) b;
            function f() public returns (uint, uint, uint, uint, uint, uint)
            {
                Lib.f(a, b)[2] = 84;
                return (a[0], a[1], a[2], b[0], b[1], b[2]);
            }
            function g() public returns (uint, uint, uint, uint, uint, uint)
            {
                mapping(uint => uint) storage m = Lib.f(a, b);
                m[2] = 17;
                return (a[0], a[1], a[2], b[0], b[1], b[2]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(42), u256(0), u256(0), u256(21), u256(84)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(42), u256(0), u256(0), u256(21), u256(17)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(using_library_structs)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Lib {
            struct Data { uint a; uint[] b; }
            function set(Data storage _s) public
            {
                _s.a = 7;
                _s.b.length = 20;
                _s.b[19] = 8;
            }
        }
        contract Test {
            mapping(string => Lib.Data) data;
            function f() public returns (uint a, uint b)
            {
                Lib.set(data["abc"]);
                a = data["abc"].a;
                b = data["abc"].b[19];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Lib");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Lib", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(7), u256(8)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(library_struct_as_an_expression)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Arst {
            struct Foo {
                int Things;
                int Stuff;
            }
        }

        contract Tsra {
            function f() public returns(uint) {
                Arst.Foo;
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Tsra");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(library_enum_as_an_expression)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Arst {
            enum Foo {
                Things,
                Stuff
            }
        }

        contract Tsra {
            function f() public returns(uint) {
                Arst.Foo;
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Tsra");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(short_strings)
{
    // This test verifies that the byte array encoding that combines length and data works
    // correctly.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A {
            bytes public data1 = "123";
            bytes data2;
            function lengthChange() public returns (uint)
            {
                // store constant in short and long string
                data1 = "123";
                if (!equal(data1, "123")) return 1;
                data2 = "12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890a";
                if (data2[17] != "8") return 3;
                if (data2.length != 51) return 4;
                if (data2[data2.length - 1] != "a") return 5;
                // change length: short -> short
                data1.length = 5;
                if (data1.length != 5) return 6;
                data1[4] = "4";
                if (data1[0] != "1") return 7;
                if (data1[4] != "4") return 8;
                // change length: short -> long
                data1.length = 80;
                if (data1.length != 80) return 9;
                data1.length = 70;
                if (data1.length != 70) return 9;
                if (data1[0] != "1") return 10;
                if (data1[4] != "4") return 11;
                for (uint i = 0; i < data1.length; i ++)
                    data1[i] = byte(uint8(i * 3));
                if (uint8(data1[4]) != 4 * 3) return 12;
                if (uint8(data1[67]) != 67 * 3) return 13;
                // change length: long -> short
                data1.length = 22;
                if (data1.length != 22) return 14;
                if (uint8(data1[21]) != 21 * 3) return 15;
                if (uint8(data1[2]) != 2 * 3) return 16;
                // change length: short -> shorter
                data1.length = 19;
                if (data1.length != 19) return 17;
                if (uint8(data1[7]) != 7 * 3) return 18;
                // and now again to original size
                data1.length = 22;
                if (data1.length != 22) return 19;
                if (data1[21] != 0) return 20;
                data1.length = 0;
                data2.length = 0;
            }
            function copy() public returns (uint) {
                bytes memory x = "123";
                bytes memory y = "012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789";
                bytes memory z = "1234567";
                data1 = x;
                data2 = y;
                if (!equal(data1, x)) return 1;
                if (!equal(data2, y)) return 2;
                // lengthen
                data1 = y;
                if (!equal(data1, y)) return 3;
                // shorten
                data1 = x;
                if (!equal(data1, x)) return 4;
                // change while keeping short
                data1 = z;
                if (!equal(data1, z)) return 5;
                // copy storage -> storage
                data1 = x;
                data2 = y;
                // lengthen
                data1 = data2;
                if (!equal(data1, y)) return 6;
                // shorten
                data1 = x;
                data2 = data1;
                if (!equal(data2, x)) return 7;
                bytes memory c = data2;
                data1 = c;
                if (!equal(data1, x)) return 8;
                data1 = "";
                data2 = "";
            }
            function deleteElements() public returns (uint) {
                data1 = "01234";
                delete data1[2];
                if (data1[2] != 0) return 1;
                if (data1[0] != "0") return 2;
                if (data1[3] != "3") return 3;
                delete data1;
                if (data1.length != 0) return 4;
            }

            function equal(bytes storage a, bytes memory b) internal returns (bool) {
                if (a.length != b.length) return false;
                for (uint i = 0; i < a.length; ++i) if (a[i] != b[i]) return false;
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "A");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data1()"), encodeDyn(string("123")));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("lengthChange()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("deleteElements()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("copy()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    BOOST_CHECK(storageEmpty(m_contractAddress));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(calldata_offset)
{
    // This tests a specific bug that was caused by not using the correct memory offset in the
    // calldata unpacker.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract CB
        {
            address[] _arr;
            string public last = "nd";
            constructor(address[] memory guardians) public
            {
                _arr = guardians;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "CB", encodeArgs(u256(0x20)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("last()", encodeArgs()), encodeDyn(string("nd")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(contract_binary_dependencies)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract A { function f() public { new B(); } }
        contract B { function f() public { } }
        contract C { function f() public { new B(); } }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(reject_ether_sent_to_library)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library lib {}
        contract c {
            constructor() public payable {}
            function f(address payable x) public returns (bool) {
                return x.send(1);
            }
            function () external payable {}
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "lib");
    Address libraryAddress = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 10, "c");
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 10);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(libraryAddress), 0);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(address)", encodeArgs(u160(libraryAddress))), encodeArgs(false));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 10);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(libraryAddress), 0);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(address)", encodeArgs(u160(m_contractAddress))), encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 10);
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(libraryAddress), 0);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multi_variable_declaration)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function g() public returns (uint a, uint b, uint c) {
                a = 1; b = 2; c = 3;
            }
            function h() public returns (uint a, uint b, uint c, uint d) {
                a = 1; b = 2; c = 3; d = 4;
            }
            function f1() public returns (bool) {
                (uint x, uint y, uint z) = g();
                if (x != 1 || y != 2 || z != 3) return false;
                (, uint a,) = g();
                if (a != 2) return false;
                (uint b, , ) = g();
                if (b != 1) return false;
                (, , uint c) = g();
                if (c != 3) return false;
                return true;
            }
            function f2() public returns (bool) {
                (uint a1, , uint a3, ) = h();
                if (a1 != 1 || a3 != 3) return false;
                (uint b1, uint b2, , ) = h();
                if (b1 != 1 || b2 != 2) return false;
                (, uint c2, uint c3, ) = h();
                if (c2 != 2 || c3 != 3) return false;
                (, , uint d3, uint d4) = h();
                if (d3 != 3 || d4 != 4) return false;
                (uint e1, , uint e3, uint e4) = h();
                if (e1 != 1 || e3 != 3 || e4 != 4) return false;
                return true;
            }
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                return f1() && f2();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()", encodeArgs()), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(typed_multi_variable_declaration)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct S { uint x; }
            S s;
            function g() internal returns (uint, S storage, uint) {
                s.x = 7;
                return (1, s, 2);
            }
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                (uint x1, S storage y1, uint z1) = g();
                if (x1 != 1 || y1.x != 7 || z1 != 2) return false;
                (, S storage y2,) = g();
                if (y2.x != 7) return false;
                (uint x2,,) = g();
                if (x2 != 1) return false;
                (,,uint z2) = g();
                if (z2 != 2) return false;
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()", encodeArgs()), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(tuples)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint[] data;
            uint[] m_c;
            function g() internal returns (uint a, uint b, uint[] storage c) {
                return (1, 2, data);
            }
            function h() external returns (uint a, uint b) {
                return (5, 6);
            }
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                data.length = 1;
                data[0] = 3;
                uint a; uint b;
                (a, b) = this.h();
                if (a != 5 || b != 6) return 1;
                uint[] storage c = m_c;
                (a, b, c) = g();
                if (a != 1 || b != 2 || c[0] != 3) return 2;
                (a, b) = (b, a);
                if (a != 2 || b != 1) return 3;
                (a, , b, , ) = (8, 9, 10, 11, 12);
                if (a != 8 || b != 10) return 4;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(string_tuples)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (string memory, uint) {
                return ("abc", 8);
            }
            function g() public returns (string memory, string memory) {
                return (h(), "def");
            }
            function h() public returns (string memory) {
                return ("abc");
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x40), u256(8), u256(3), string("abc")));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x40), u256(0x80), u256(3), string("abc"), u256(3), string("def")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(decayed_tuple)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                uint x = 1;
                (x) = 2;
                return x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_tuple_with_rational_numbers)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract c {
            function f() public returns (int8) {
                int8[5] memory foo3 = [int8(1), -1, 0, 0, 0];
                return foo3[0];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(destructuring_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint x = 7;
            bytes data;
            uint[] y;
            uint[] arrayData;
            function returnsArray() public returns (uint[] memory) {
                arrayData.length = 9;
                arrayData[2] = 5;
                arrayData[7] = 4;
                return arrayData;
            }
            function f(bytes memory s) public returns (uint) {
                uint loc;
                uint[] memory memArray;
                (loc, x, y, data, arrayData[3]) = (8, 4, returnsArray(), s, 2);
                if (loc != 8) return 1;
                if (x != 4) return 2;
                if (y.length != 9) return 3;
                if (y[2] != 5) return 4;
                if (y[7] != 4) return 5;
                if (data.length != s.length) return 6;
                if (data[3] != s[3]) return 7;
                if (arrayData[3] != 2) return 8;
                (memArray, loc) = (arrayData, 3);
                if (loc != 3) return 9;
                if (memArray.length != arrayData.length) return 10;
                bytes memory memBytes;
                (x, memBytes, y[2], , ) = (456, s, 789, 101112, 131415);
                if (x != 456 || memBytes.length != s.length || y[2] != 789) return 11;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bytes)", u256(0x20), u256(5), string("abcde")), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(lone_struct_array_type)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct s { uint a; uint b;}
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                s[7][]; // This is only the type, should not have any effect
                return 3;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(create_memory_array)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct S { uint[2] a; bytes b; }
            function f() public returns (byte, uint, uint, byte) {
                bytes memory x = new bytes(200);
                x[199] = 'A';
                uint[2][] memory y = new uint[2][](300);
                y[203][1] = 8;
                S[] memory z = new S[](180);
                z[170].a[1] = 4;
                z[170].b = new bytes(102);
                z[170].b[99] = 'B';
                return (x[199], y[203][1], z[170].a[1], z[170].b[99]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(string("A"), u256(8), u256(4), string("B")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(create_memory_array_allocation_size)
{
    // Check allocation size of byte array. Should be 32 plus length rounded up to next
    // multiple of 32
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (uint d1, uint d2, uint d3, uint memsize) {
                bytes memory b1 = new bytes(31);
                bytes memory b2 = new bytes(32);
                bytes memory b3 = new bytes(256);
                bytes memory b4 = new bytes(31);
                assembly {
                    d1 := sub(b2, b1)
                    d2 := sub(b3, b2)
                    d3 := sub(b4, b3)
                    memsize := msize()
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(0x40, 0x40, 0x20 + 256, 0x260));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_arrays_of_various_sizes)
{
    // Computes binomial coefficients the chinese way
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint n, uint k) public returns (uint) {
                uint[][] memory rows = new uint[][](n + 1);
                for (uint i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
                    rows[i] = new uint[](i);
                    rows[i][0] = rows[i][rows[i].length - 1] = 1;
                    for (uint j = 1; j < i - 1; j++)
                        rows[i][j] = rows[i - 1][j - 1] + rows[i - 1][j];
                }
                return rows[n][k - 1];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", encodeArgs(u256(3), u256(1))), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", encodeArgs(u256(9), u256(5))), encodeArgs(u256(70)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(create_multiple_dynamic_arrays)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                uint[][] memory x = new uint[][](42);
                assert(x[0].length == 0);
                x[0] = new uint[](1);
                x[0][0] = 1;
                assert(x[4].length == 0);
                x[4] = new uint[](1);
                x[4][0] = 2;
                assert(x[10].length == 0);
                x[10] = new uint[](1);
                x[10][0] = 44;
                uint[][] memory y = new uint[][](24);
                assert(y[0].length == 0);
                y[0] = new uint[](1);
                y[0][0] = 1;
                assert(y[4].length == 0);
                y[4] = new uint[](1);
                y[4][0] = 2;
                assert(y[10].length == 0);
                y[10] = new uint[](1);
                y[10][0] = 88;
                if ((x[0][0] == y[0][0]) && (x[4][0] == y[4][0]) && (x[10][0] == 44) && (y[10][0] == 88))
                    return 7;
                return 0;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(memory_overwrite)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (bytes memory x) {
                x = "12345";
                x[3] = 0x61;
                x[0] = 0x62;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeDyn(string("b23a5")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(addmod_mulmod)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function test() public returns (uint) {
                // Note that this only works because computation on literals is done using
                // unbounded integers.
                if ((2**255 + 2**255) % 7 != addmod(2**255, 2**255, 7))
                    return 1;
                if ((2**255 + 2**255) % 7 != addmod(2**255, 2**255, 7))
                    return 2;
                return 0;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(addmod_mulmod_zero)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint d) public pure returns (uint) {
                addmod(1, 2, d);
                return 2;
            }
            function g(uint d) public pure returns (uint) {
                mulmod(1, 2, d);
                return 2;
            }
            function h() public pure returns (uint) {
                mulmod(0, 1, 2);
                mulmod(1, 0, 2);
                addmod(0, 1, 2);
                addmod(1, 0, 2);
                return 2;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint)", 0), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(uint)", 0), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(2));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(divisiod_by_zero)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function div(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint) {
                return a / b;
            }
            function mod(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint) {
                return a % b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("div(uint256,uint256)", 7, 2), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
    // throws
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("div(uint256,uint256)", 7, 0), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("mod(uint256,uint256)", 7, 2), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    // throws
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("mod(uint256,uint256)", 7, 0), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(string_allocation_bug)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Sample
        {
            struct s { uint16 x; uint16 y; string a; string b;}
            s[2] public p;
            constructor() public {
                s memory m;
                m.x = 0xbbbb;
                m.y = 0xcccc;
                m.a = "hello";
                m.b = "world";
                p[0] = m;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("p(uint256)", 0), encodeArgs(
        u256(0xbbbb),
        u256(0xcccc),
        u256(0x80),
        u256(0xc0),
        u256(5),
        string("hello"),
        u256(5),
        string("world")
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(using_for_function_on_int)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library D { function double(uint self) public returns (uint) { return 2*self; } }
        contract C {
            using D for uint;
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint) {
                return a.double();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"D", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(9)), encodeArgs(u256(2 * 9)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(using_for_function_on_struct)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library D { struct s { uint a; } function mul(s storage self, uint x) public returns (uint) { return self.a *= x; } }
        contract C {
            using D for D.s;
            D.s public x;
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint) {
                x.a = 3;
                return x.mul(a);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"D", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(7)), encodeArgs(u256(3 * 7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(3 * 7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(using_for_overload)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library D {
            struct s { uint a; }
            function mul(s storage self, uint x) public returns (uint) { return self.a *= x; }
            function mul(s storage self, bytes32 x) public returns (bytes32) { }
        }
        contract C {
            using D for D.s;
            D.s public x;
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint) {
                x.a = 6;
                return x.mul(a);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"D", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(7)), encodeArgs(u256(6 * 7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(6 * 7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(using_for_by_name)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library D { struct s { uint a; } function mul(s storage self, uint x) public returns (uint) { return self.a *= x; } }
        contract C {
            using D for D.s;
            D.s public x;
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint) {
                x.a = 6;
                return x.mul({x: a});
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"D", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(7)), encodeArgs(u256(6 * 7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(6 * 7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bound_function_in_var)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library D { struct s { uint a; } function mul(s storage self, uint x) public returns (uint) { return self.a *= x; } }
        contract C {
            using D for D.s;
            D.s public x;
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint) {
                x.a = 6;
                return (x.mul)({x: a});
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"D", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(7)), encodeArgs(u256(6 * 7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(6 * 7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bound_function_to_string)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library D { function length(string memory self) public returns (uint) { return bytes(self).length; } }
        contract C {
            using D for string;
            string x;
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                x = "abc";
                return x.length();
            }
            function g() public returns (uint) {
                string memory s = "abc";
                return s.length();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"D", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_array_storage_to_memory_conversion_strings)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            string s = "doh";
            function f() public returns (string memory, string memory) {
                string memory t = "ray";
                string[3] memory x = [s, t, "mi"];
                return (x[1], x[2]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x40), u256(0x80), u256(3), string("ray"), u256(2), string("mi")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_array_strings_from_document)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint i) public returns (string memory) {
                string[4] memory x = ["This", "is", "an", "array"];
                return (x[i]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(4), string("This")));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(2), string("is")));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(2), string("an")));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(5), string("array")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_array_storage_to_memory_conversion_ints)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint x, uint y) {
                x = 3;
                y = 6;
                uint[2] memory z = [x, y];
                return (z[0], z[1]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(3, 6));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_array_index_access_ints)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                return ([1, 2, 3, 4][2]);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(3));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_array_index_access_strings)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            string public tester;
            function f() public returns (string memory) {
                return (["abc", "def", "g"][0]);
            }
            function test() public {
                tester = f();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("tester()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(3), string("abc")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_array_return)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint8[] tester;
            function f() public returns (uint8[5] memory) {
                return ([1,2,3,4,5]);
            }
            function test() public returns (uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8, uint8) {
                tester = f();
                return (tester[0], tester[1], tester[2], tester[3], tester[4]);
            }

        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(1, 2, 3, 4, 5));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_array_singleton)
{
    // This caused a failure since the type was not converted to its mobile type.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                return [4][0];
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(4)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_long_string_return)
{
        char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (string memory) {
                return (["somethingShort", "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678900123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890"][1]);
            }
        }
    )";

    string strLong = "0123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678900123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789001234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeDyn(strLong));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(fixed_bytes_index_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            bytes16[] public data;
            function f(bytes32 x) public returns (byte) {
                return x[2];
            }
            function g(bytes32 x) public returns (uint) {
                data = [x[0], x[1], x[2]];
                data[0] = "12345";
                return uint(uint8(data[0][4]));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bytes32)", "789"), encodeArgs("9"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bytes32)", "789"), encodeArgs(u256(int('5'))));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("data(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs("8"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(fixed_bytes_length_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            byte a;
            function f(bytes32 x) public returns (uint, uint, uint) {
                return (x.length, bytes16(uint128(2)).length, a.length + 7);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bytes32)", "789"), encodeArgs(u256(32), u256(16), u256(8)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_write_to_stack)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint r, bytes32 r2) {
                assembly { r := 7 r2 := "abcdef" }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(7), string("abcdef")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_read_and_write_stack)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint r) {
                for (uint x = 0; x < 10; ++x)
                    assembly { r := add(r, x) }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(45)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_memory_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function test() public returns (bytes memory) {
                bytes memory x = new bytes(5);
                for (uint i = 0; i < x.length; ++i)
                    x[i] = byte(uint8(i + 1));
                assembly { mstore(add(x, 32), "12345678901234567890123456789012") }
                return x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x20), u256(5), string("12345")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_storage_access)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint16 x;
            uint16 public y;
            uint public z;
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                uint off1;
                uint off2;
                assembly {
                    sstore(z_slot, 7)
                    off1 := z_offset
                    off2 := y_offset
                }
                assert(off1 == 0);
                assert(off2 == 2);
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("z()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_storage_access_inside_function)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint16 x;
            uint16 public y;
            uint public z;
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                uint off1;
                uint off2;
                assembly {
                    function f() -> o1 {
                        sstore(z_slot, 7)
                        o1 := y_offset
                    }
                    off2 := f()
                }
                assert(off2 == 2);
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("z()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_storage_access_via_pointer)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct Data { uint contents; }
            uint public separator;
            Data public a;
            uint public separator2;
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                Data storage x = a;
                uint off;
                assembly {
                    sstore(x_slot, 7)
                    off := x_offset
                }
                assert(off == 0);
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("separator()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("separator2()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_function_call)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public {
                assembly {
                    function asmfun(a, b, c) -> x, y, z {
                        x := a
                        y := b
                        z := 7
                    }
                    let a1, b1, c1 := asmfun(1, 2, 3)
                    mstore(0x00, a1)
                    mstore(0x20, b1)
                    mstore(0x40, c1)
                    return(0, 0x60)
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_function_call_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public {
                assembly {
                    let a1, b1, c1
                    function asmfun(a, b, c) -> x, y, z {
                        x := a
                        y := b
                        z := 7
                    }
                    a1, b1, c1 := asmfun(1, 2, 3)
                    mstore(0x00, a1)
                    mstore(0x20, b1)
                    mstore(0x40, c1)
                    return(0, 0x60)
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_function_call2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public {
                assembly {
                    let d := 0x10
                    function asmfun(a, b, c) -> x, y, z {
                        x := a
                        y := b
                        z := 7
                    }
                    let a1, b1, c1 := asmfun(1, 2, 3)
                    mstore(0x00, a1)
                    mstore(0x20, b1)
                    mstore(0x40, c1)
                    mstore(0x60, d)
                    return(0, 0x80)
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(2), u256(7), u256(0x10)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_embedded_function_call)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public {
                assembly {
                    let d := 0x10
                    function asmfun(a, b, c) -> x, y, z {
                        x := g(a)
                        function g(r) -> s { s := mul(r, r) }
                        y := g(b)
                        z := 7
                    }
                    let a1, b1, c1 := asmfun(1, 2, 3)
                    mstore(0x00, a1)
                    mstore(0x20, b1)
                    mstore(0x40, c1)
                    mstore(0x60, d)
                    return(0, 0x80)
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(4), u256(7), u256(0x10)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_if)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint b) {
                assembly {
                    if gt(a, 1) { b := 2 }
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_switch)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint b) {
                assembly {
                    switch a
                    case 1 { b := 8 }
                    case 2 { b := 9 }
                    default { b := 2 }
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(8)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(9)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_recursion)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint b) {
                assembly {
                    function fac(n) -> nf {
                        switch n
                        case 0 { nf := 1 }
                        case 1 { nf := 1 }
                        default { nf := mul(n, fac(sub(n, 1))) }
                    }
                    b := fac(a)
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(6)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(24)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_for)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint b) {
                assembly {
                    function fac(n) -> nf {
                        nf := 1
                        for { let i := n } gt(i, 0) { i := sub(i, 1) } {
                            nf := mul(nf, i)
                        }
                    }
                    b := fac(a)
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(6)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(24)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_for2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint st;
            function f(uint a) public returns (uint b, uint c, uint d) {
                st = 0;
                assembly {
                    function sideeffect(r) -> x { sstore(0, add(sload(0), r)) x := 1}
                    for { let i := a } eq(i, sideeffect(2)) { d := add(d, 3) } {
                        b := i
                        i := 0
                    }
                }
                c = st;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(2), u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(1), u256(4), u256(3)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(2), u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(index_access_with_type_conversion)
{
    // Test for a bug where higher order bits cleanup was not done for array index access.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f(uint x) public returns (uint[256] memory r){
                    r[uint8(x)] = 2;
                }
            }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    // neither of the two should throw due to out-of-bounds access
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(0x01)).size() == 256 * 32);
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", u256(0x101)).size() == 256 * 32);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(delete_on_array_of_structs)
{
    // Test for a bug where we did not increment the counter properly while deleting a dynamic array.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct S { uint x; uint[] y; }
            S[] data;
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                data.length = 2;
                data[0].x = 2**200;
                data[1].x = 2**200;
                delete data;
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    // This code interprets x as an array length and thus will go out of gas.
    // neither of the two should throw due to out-of-bounds access
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));

}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(internal_library_function)
{
    // tests that internal library functions can be called from outside
    // and retain the same memory context (i.e. are pulled into the caller's code)
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library L {
            function f(uint[] memory _data) internal {
                _data[3] = 2;
            }
        }
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                uint[] memory x = new uint[](7);
                x[3] = 8;
                L.f(x);
                return x[3];
            }
        }
    )";
    // This has to work without linking, because everything will be inlined.
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(internal_library_function_calling_private)
{
    // tests that internal library functions that are called from outside and that
    // themselves call private functions are still able to (i.e. the private function
    // also has to be pulled into the caller's code)
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library L {
            function g(uint[] memory _data) private {
                _data[3] = 2;
            }
            function f(uint[] memory _data) internal {
                g(_data);
            }
        }
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                uint[] memory x = new uint[](7);
                x[3] = 8;
                L.f(x);
                return x[3];
            }
        }
    )";
    // This has to work without linking, because everything will be inlined.
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(internal_library_function_bound)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library L {
            struct S { uint[] data; }
            function f(S memory _s) internal {
                _s.data[3] = 2;
            }
        }
        contract C {
            using L for L.S;
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                L.S memory x;
                x.data = new uint[](7);
                x.data[3] = 8;
                x.f();
                return x.data[3];
            }
        }
    )";
    // This has to work without linking, because everything will be inlined.
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(internal_library_function_return_var_size)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library L {
            struct S { uint[] data; }
            function f(S memory _s) internal returns (uint[] memory) {
                _s.data[3] = 2;
                return _s.data;
            }
        }
        contract C {
            using L for L.S;
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                L.S memory x;
                x.data = new uint[](7);
                x.data[3] = 8;
                return x.f()[3];
            }
        }
    )";
    // This has to work without linking, because everything will be inlined.
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(iszero_bnot_correct)
{
    // A long time ago, some opcodes were renamed, which involved the opcodes
    // "iszero" and "not".
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                bytes32 x = bytes32(uint256(1));
                assembly { x := not(x) }
                if (x != ~bytes32(uint256(1))) return false;
                assembly { x := iszero(x) }
                if (x != bytes32(0)) return false;
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(cleanup_bytes_types)
{
    // Checks that bytesXX types are properly cleaned before they are compared.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(bytes2 a, uint16 x) public returns (uint) {
                if (a != "ab") return 1;
                if (x != 0x0102) return 2;
                if (bytes3(uint24(x)) != 0x000102) return 3;
                return 0;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    // We input longer data on purpose.
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bytes2,uint16)", string("abc"), u256(0x040102)), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(cleanup_bytes_types_shortening)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (bytes32 r) {
                bytes4 x = 0xffffffff;
                bytes2 y = bytes2(x);
                assembly { r := y }
                // At this point, r and y both store four bytes, but
                // y is properly cleaned before the equality check
                require(y == bytes2(0xffff));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs("\xff\xff\xff\xff"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(cleanup_address_types)
{
    // Checks that address types are properly cleaned before they are compared.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(address a) public returns (uint) {
                if (a != 0x1234567890123456789012345678901234567890) return 1;
                return 0;
            }
            function g(address payable a) public returns (uint) {
                if (a != 0x1234567890123456789012345678901234567890) return 1;
                return 0;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    // We input longer data on purpose.
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(address)", u256("0xFFFF1234567890123456789012345678901234567890")), encodeArgs(0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(address)", u256("0xFFFF1234567890123456789012345678901234567890")), encodeArgs(0));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(cleanup_address_types_shortening)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (address r) {
                bytes21 x = 0x1122334455667788990011223344556677889900ff;
                bytes20 y;
                assembly { y := x }
                address z = address(y);
                assembly { r := z }
                require(z == 0x1122334455667788990011223344556677889900);
            }
            function g() public pure returns (address payable r) {
                bytes21 x = 0x1122334455667788990011223344556677889900ff;
                bytes20 y;
                assembly { y := x }
                address payable z = address(y);
                assembly { r := z }
                require(z == 0x1122334455667788990011223344556677889900);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256("0x1122334455667788990011223344556677889900")));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(u256("0x1122334455667788990011223344556677889900")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(skip_dynamic_types)
{
    // The EVM cannot provide access to dynamically-sized return values, so we have to skip them.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint, uint[] memory, uint) {
                return (7, new uint[](2), 8);
            }
            function g() public returns (uint, uint) {
                // Previous implementation "moved" b to the second place and did not skip.
                (uint a,, uint b) = this.f();
                return (a, b);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(u256(7), u256(8)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(skip_dynamic_types_for_structs)
{
    // For accessors, the dynamic types are already removed in the external signature itself.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct S {
                uint x;
                string a; // this is present in the accessor
                uint[] b; // this is not present
                uint y;
            }
            S public s;
            function g() public returns (uint, uint) {
                s.x = 2;
                s.a = "abc";
                s.b = [7, 8, 9];
                s.y = 6;
                (uint x,, uint y) = this.s();
                return (x, y);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(u256(2), u256(6)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(failed_create)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract D { constructor() public payable {} }
        contract C {
            uint public x;
            constructor() public payable {}
            function f(uint amount) public returns (D) {
                x++;
                return (new D).value(amount)();
            }
            function stack(uint depth) public returns (address) {
                if (depth < 1024)
                    return this.stack(depth - 1);
                else
                    return address(f(0));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 20, "C");
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", 20) != encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", 20), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("stack(uint256)", 1023), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(create_dynamic_array_with_zero_length)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                uint[][] memory a = new uint[][](0);
                return 7;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(correctly_initialize_memory_array_in_constructor)
{
    // Memory arrays are initialized using codecopy past the size of the code.
    // This test checks that it also works in the constructor context.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            bool public success;
            constructor() public {
                // Make memory dirty.
                assembly {
                    for { let i := 0 } lt(i, 64) { i := add(i, 1) } {
                        mstore(msize, not(0))
                    }
                }
                uint16[3] memory c;
                require(c[0] == 0 && c[1] == 0 && c[2] == 0);
                uint16[] memory x = new uint16[](3);
                require(x[0] == 0 && x[1] == 0 && x[2] == 0);
                success = true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("success()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(return_does_not_skip_modifier)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public x;
            modifier setsx {
                _;
                x = 9;
            }
            function f() setsx public returns (uint) {
                return 2;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(9)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(break_in_modifier)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public x;
            modifier run() {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                    _;
                    break;
                }
            }
            function f() run public {
                uint k = x;
                uint t = k + 1;
                x = t;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(continue_in_modifier)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public x;
            modifier run() {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                    if (i % 2 == 1) continue;
                    _;
                }
            }
            function f() run public {
                uint k = x;
                uint t = k + 1;
                x = t;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(5)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(return_in_modifier)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public x;
            modifier run() {
                for (uint i = 1; i < 10; i++) {
                    if (i == 5) return;
                    _;
                }
            }
            function f() run public {
                uint k = x;
                uint t = k + 1;
                x = t;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(4)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(stacked_return_with_modifiers)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public x;
            modifier run() {
                for (uint i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
                    _;
                    break;
                }
            }
            function f() run public {
                uint k = x;
                uint t = k + 1;
                x = t;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mutex)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract mutexed {
            bool locked;
            modifier protected {
                if (locked) revert();
                locked = true;
                _;
                locked = false;
            }
        }
        contract Fund is mutexed {
            uint shares;
            constructor() public payable { shares = msg.value; }
            function withdraw(uint amount) public protected returns (uint) {
                // NOTE: It is very bad practice to write this function this way.
                // Please refer to the documentation of how to do this properly.
                if (amount > shares) revert();
                (bool success,) = msg.sender.call.value(amount)("");
                require(success);
                shares -= amount;
                return shares;
            }
            function withdrawUnprotected(uint amount) public returns (uint) {
                // NOTE: It is very bad practice to write this function this way.
                // Please refer to the documentation of how to do this properly.
                if (amount > shares) revert();
                (bool success,) = msg.sender.call.value(amount)("");
                require(success);
                shares -= amount;
                return shares;
            }
        }
        contract Attacker {
            Fund public fund;
            uint callDepth;
            bool protected;
            function setProtected(bool _protected) public { protected = _protected; }
            constructor(Fund _fund) public { fund = _fund; }
            function attack() public returns (uint) {
                callDepth = 0;
                return attackInternal();
            }
            function attackInternal() internal returns (uint) {
                if (protected)
                    return fund.withdraw(10);
                else
                    return fund.withdrawUnprotected(10);
            }
            function() external payable {
                callDepth++;
                if (callDepth < 4)
                    attackInternal();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 500, "Fund");
    auto fund = m_contractAddress;
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(fund), 500);
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Attacker", encodeArgs(u160(fund)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setProtected(bool)", true), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("attack()"), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(fund), 500);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("setProtected(bool)", false), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("attack()"), encodeArgs(u256(460)));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(fund), 460);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(failing_ecrecover_invalid_input)
{
    // ecrecover should return zero for malformed input
    // (v should be 27 or 28, not 1)
    // Note that the precompile does not return zero but returns nothing.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (address) {
                return ecrecover(bytes32(uint(-1)), 1, bytes32(uint(2)), bytes32(uint(3)));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(failing_ecrecover_invalid_input_proper)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (address) {
                return recover(
                    0x77e5189111eb6557e8a637b27ef8fbb15bc61d61c2f00cc48878f3a296e5e0ca,
                    0, // invalid v value
                    0x6944c77849b18048f6abe0db8084b0d0d0689cdddb53d2671c36967b58691ad4,
                    0xef4f06ba4f78319baafd0424365777241af4dfd3da840471b4b4b087b7750d0d,
                    0x000000000000000000000000ca35b7d915458ef540ade6068dfe2f44e8fa733c,
                    0x000000000000000000000000ca35b7d915458ef540ade6068dfe2f44e8fa733c
                );
            }
            function recover(bytes32 hash, uint8 v, bytes32 r, bytes32 s, uint blockExpired, bytes32 salt)
                public returns (address)
            {
                require(hash == keccak256(abi.encodePacked(blockExpired, salt)));
                return ecrecover(hash, v, r, s);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(failing_ecrecover_invalid_input_asm)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (address) {
                assembly {
                    mstore(mload(0x40), 0xca35b7d915458ef540ade6068dfe2f44e8fa733c)
                }
                return ecrecover(
                    0x77e5189111eb6557e8a637b27ef8fbb15bc61d61c2f00cc48878f3a296e5e0ca,
                    0, // invalid v value
                    0x6944c77849b18048f6abe0db8084b0d0d0689cdddb53d2671c36967b58691ad4,
                    0xef4f06ba4f78319baafd0424365777241af4dfd3da840471b4b4b087b7750d0d
                );
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(calling_nonexisting_contract_throws)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"YY(
        contract D { function g() public; }
        contract C {
            D d = D(0x1212);
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                d.g();
                return 7;
            }
            function g() public returns (uint) {
                d.g.gas(200)();
                return 7;
            }
            function h() public returns (uint) {
                address(d).call(""); // this does not throw (low-level)
                return 7;
            }
        }
    )YY";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(payable_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            constructor() public payable { }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 27, "C");
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(payable_function)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public a;
            function f() payable public returns (uint) {
                return msg.value;
            }
            function() external payable {
                a = msg.value + 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("f()", 27), encodeArgs(u256(27)));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 27);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("", 27), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 27 + 27);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(28)));
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 27 + 27);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(payable_function_calls_library)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library L {
            function f() public returns (uint) { return 7; }
        }
        contract C {
            function f() public payable returns (uint) {
                return L.f();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "L");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"L", m_contractAddress}});
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("f()", 27), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(non_payable_throw)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public a;
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                return msgvalue();
            }
            function msgvalue() internal returns (uint) {
                return msg.value;
            }
            function() external {
                update();
            }
            function update() internal {
                a = msg.value + 1;
            }

        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("f()", 27), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 0);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction(""), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("", 27), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 0);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("a()", 27), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 0);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(no_nonpayable_circumvention_by_modifier)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            modifier tryCircumvent {
                if (false) _; // avoid the function, we should still not accept ether
            }
            function f() tryCircumvent public returns (uint) {
                return msgvalue();
            }
            function msgvalue() internal returns (uint) {
                return msg.value;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunctionWithValue("f()", 27), encodeArgs());
    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(balanceAt(m_contractAddress), 0);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mem_resize_is_not_paid_at_call)
{
    // This tests that memory resize for return values is not paid during the call, which would
    // make the gas calculation overly complex. We access the end of the output area before
    // the call is made.
    // Tests that this also survives the optimizer.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint[200] memory) {}
        }
        contract D {
            function f(C c) public returns (uint) { c.f(); return 7; }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    u160 cAddr = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(address)", cAddr), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(calling_uninitialized_function)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function intern() public returns (uint) {
                function (uint) internal returns (uint) x;
                x(2);
                return 7;
            }
            function extern() public returns (uint) {
                function (uint) external returns (uint) x;
                x(2);
                return 7;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    // This should throw exceptions
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("intern()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("extern()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(calling_uninitialized_function_in_detail)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function() internal returns (uint) x;
            int mutex;
            function t() public returns (uint) {
                if (mutex > 0)
                    { assembly { mstore(0, 7) return(0, 0x20) } }
                mutex = 1;
                // Avoid re-executing this function if we jump somewhere.
                x();
                return 2;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(calling_uninitialized_function_through_array)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            int mutex;
            function t() public returns (uint) {
                if (mutex > 0)
                    { assembly { mstore(0, 7) return(0, 0x20) } }
                mutex = 1;
                // Avoid re-executing this function if we jump somewhere.
                function() internal returns (uint)[200] memory x;
                x[0]();
                return 2;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(pass_function_types_internally)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint x) public returns (uint) {
                return eval(g, x);
            }
            function eval(function(uint) internal returns (uint) x, uint a) internal returns (uint) {
                return x(a);
            }
            function g(uint x) public returns (uint) { return x + 1; }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(u256(8)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(pass_function_types_externally)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint x) public returns (uint) {
                return this.eval(this.g, x);
            }
            function f2(uint x) public returns (uint) {
                return eval(this.g, x);
            }
            function eval(function(uint) external returns (uint) x, uint a) public returns (uint) {
                return x(a);
            }
            function g(uint x) public returns (uint) { return x + 1; }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(u256(8)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2(uint256)", 7), encodeArgs(u256(8)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(receive_external_function_type)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function g() public returns (uint) { return 7; }
            function f(function() external returns (uint) g) public returns (uint) {
                return g();
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction(
        "f(function)",
        m_contractAddress.asBytes() + FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("g()")).asBytes() + bytes(32 - 4 - 20, 0)
    ), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(return_external_function_type)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function g() public {}
            function f() public returns (function() external) {
                return this.g;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f()"),
        m_contractAddress.asBytes() + FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("g()")).asBytes() + bytes(32 - 4 - 20, 0)
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(store_function)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Other {
            function addTwo(uint x) public returns (uint) { return x + 2; }
        }
        contract C {
            function (function (uint) external returns (uint)) internal returns (uint) ev;
            function (uint) external returns (uint) x;
            function store(function(uint) external returns (uint) y) public {
                x = y;
            }
            function eval(function(uint) external returns (uint) y) public returns (uint) {
                return y(7);
            }
            function t() public returns (uint) {
                ev = eval;
                this.store((new Other()).addTwo);
                return ev(x);
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t()"), encodeArgs(u256(9)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(store_function_in_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public result_in_constructor;
            function (uint) internal returns (uint) x;
            constructor() public {
                x = double;
                result_in_constructor = use(2);
            }
            function double(uint _arg) public returns (uint _ret) {
                _ret = _arg * 2;
            }
            function use(uint _arg) public returns (uint) {
                return x(_arg);
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("use(uint256)", encodeArgs(u256(3))), encodeArgs(u256(6)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("result_in_constructor()"), encodeArgs(u256(4)));
}

// TODO: store bound internal library functions

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(store_internal_unused_function_in_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function () internal returns (uint) x;
            constructor() public {
                x = unused;
            }
            function unused() internal returns (uint) {
                return 7;
            }
            function t() public returns (uint) {
                return x();
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(store_internal_unused_library_function_in_constructor)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library L { function x() internal returns (uint) { return 7; } }
        contract C {
            function () internal returns (uint) x;
            constructor() public {
                x = L.x;
            }
            function t() public returns (uint) {
                return x();
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(same_function_in_construction_and_runtime)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public initial;
            constructor() public {
                initial = double(2);
            }
            function double(uint _arg) public returns (uint _ret) {
                _ret = _arg * 2;
            }
            function runtime(uint _arg) public returns (uint) {
                return double(_arg);
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("runtime(uint256)", encodeArgs(u256(3))), encodeArgs(u256(6)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("initial()"), encodeArgs(u256(4)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(same_function_in_construction_and_runtime_equality_check)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function (uint) internal returns (uint) x;
            constructor() public {
                x = double;
            }
            function test() public returns (bool) {
                return x == double;
            }
            function double(uint _arg) public returns (uint _ret) {
                _ret = _arg * 2;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_type_library_internal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        library Utils {
            function reduce(uint[] memory array, function(uint, uint) internal returns (uint) f, uint init) internal returns (uint) {
                for (uint i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
                    init = f(array[i], init);
                }
                return init;
            }
            function sum(uint a, uint b) internal returns (uint) {
                return a + b;
            }
        }
        contract C {
            function f(uint[] memory x) public returns (uint) {
                return Utils.reduce(x, Utils.sum, 0);
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256[])", 0x20, 3, u256(1), u256(7), u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(11)));
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(call_function_returning_function)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f0() public returns (uint) {
                return 2;
            }
            function f1() internal returns (function() internal returns (uint)) {
                return f0;
            }
            function f2() internal returns (function() internal returns (function () internal returns (uint))) {
                return f1;
            }
            function f3() internal returns (function() internal returns (function () internal returns (function () internal returns (uint))))
            {
                return f2;
            }
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                function() internal returns(function() internal returns(function() internal returns(function() internal returns(uint)))) x;
                x = f3;
                return x()()()();
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "test");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(mapping_of_functions)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract Flow {
            bool public success;

            mapping (address => function () internal) stages;

            function stage0() internal {
                stages[msg.sender] = stage1;
            }

            function stage1() internal {
                stages[msg.sender] = stage2;
            }

            function stage2() internal {
                success = true;
            }

            constructor() public {
                stages[msg.sender] = stage0;
            }

            function f() public returns (uint) {
                stages[msg.sender]();
                return 7;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Flow");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("success()"), encodeArgs(false));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("success()"), encodeArgs(false));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("success()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_functions)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            // these should take the same slot
            function() internal returns (uint) a;
            function() external returns (uint) b;
            function() external returns (uint) c;
            function() internal returns (uint) d;
            uint8 public x;

            function set() public {
                x = 2;
                d = g;
                c = this.h;
                b = this.h;
                a = g;
            }
            function t1() public returns (uint) {
                return a();
            }
            function t2() public returns (uint) {
                return b();
            }
            function t3() public returns (uint) {
                return a();
            }
            function t4() public returns (uint) {
                return b();
            }
            function g() public returns (uint) {
                return 7;
            }
            function h() public returns (uint) {
                return 8;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t1()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t2()"), encodeArgs(u256(8)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t3()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("t4()"), encodeArgs(u256(8)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_memory_array)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function a(uint x) public returns (uint) { return x + 1; }
            function b(uint x) public returns (uint) { return x + 2; }
            function c(uint x) public returns (uint) { return x + 3; }
            function d(uint x) public returns (uint) { return x + 5; }
            function e(uint x) public returns (uint) { return x + 8; }
            function test(uint x, uint i) public returns (uint) {
                function(uint) internal returns (uint)[] memory arr =
                    new function(uint) internal returns (uint)[](10);
                arr[0] = a;
                arr[1] = b;
                arr[2] = c;
                arr[3] = d;
                arr[4] = e;
                return arr[i](x);
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test(uint256,uint256)", u256(10), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(11)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test(uint256,uint256)", u256(10), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(12)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test(uint256,uint256)", u256(10), u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(13)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test(uint256,uint256)", u256(10), u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(15)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test(uint256,uint256)", u256(10), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(18)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test(uint256,uint256)", u256(10), u256(5)), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_delete_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function a() public returns (uint) { return 7; }
            function() internal returns (uint) y;
            function set() public returns (uint) {
                y = a;
                return y();
            }
            function d() public returns (uint) {
                delete y;
                return 1;
            }
            function ca() public returns (uint) {
                return y();
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("ca()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("d()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("ca()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_delete_stack)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function a() public returns (uint) { return 7; }
            function test() public returns (uint) {
                function () returns (uint) y = a;
                delete y;
                y();
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(copy_function_storage_array)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function() internal returns (uint)[] x;
            function() internal returns (uint)[] y;
            function test() public returns (uint) {
                x.length = 10;
                x[9] = a;
                y = x;
                return y[9]();
            }
            function a() public returns (uint) {
                return 7;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_array_cross_calls)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract D {
            function f(function() external returns (function() external returns (uint))[] memory x)
                public returns (function() external returns (uint)[3] memory r)
            {
                r[0] = x[0]();
                r[1] = x[1]();
                r[2] = x[2]();
            }
        }
        contract C {
            function test() public returns (uint, uint, uint) {
                function() external returns (function() external returns (uint))[] memory x =
                    new function() external returns (function() external returns (uint))[](10);
                for (uint i = 0; i < x.length; i ++)
                    x[i] = this.h;
                x[0] = this.htwo;
                function() external returns (uint)[3] memory y = (new D()).f(x);
                return (y[0](), y[1](), y[2]());
            }
            function e() public returns (uint) { return 5; }
            function f() public returns (uint) { return 6; }
            function g() public returns (uint) { return 7; }
            uint counter;
            function h() public returns (function() external returns (uint)) {
                return counter++ == 0 ? this.f : this.g;
            }
            function htwo() public returns (function() external returns (uint)) {
                return this.e;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(u256(5), u256(6), u256(7)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(external_function_to_address)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                return address(this.f) == address(this);
            }
            function g(function() external cb) public returns (address) {
                return address(cb);
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(function)", fromHex("00000000000000000000000000000000000004226121ff00000000000000000")), encodeArgs(u160(0x42)));
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(copy_internal_function_array_to_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function() internal returns (uint)[20] x;
            int mutex;
            function one() public returns (uint) {
                function() internal returns (uint)[20] memory xmem;
                x = xmem;
                return 3;
            }
            function two() public returns (uint) {
                if (mutex > 0)
                    return 7;
                mutex = 1;
                // If this test fails, it might re-execute this function.
                x[0]();
                return 2;
            }
        }
    )";

    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("one()"), encodeArgs(u256(3)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("two()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_constant_left)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public a = 0x42 << 8;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x4200)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_negative_constant_left)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            int public a = -0x42 << 8;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(-0x4200)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_constant_right)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public a = 0x4200 >> 8;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x42)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_negative_constant_right)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            int public a = -0x4200 >> 8;
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(-0x42)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_left)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint) {
                return a << b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0x426600)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(0x42660000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(0x84cc0000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(240)), fromHex("4266000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(256)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_left_uint32)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint32 a, uint32 b) public returns (uint) {
                return a << b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint32,uint32)", u256(0x4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint32,uint32)", u256(0x4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0x426600)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint32,uint32)", u256(0x4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(0x42660000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint32,uint32)", u256(0x4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(0x84cc0000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint32,uint32)", u256(0x4266), u256(32)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_left_uint8)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint8 a, uint8 b) public returns (uint) {
                return a << b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint8,uint8)", u256(0x66), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x66)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint8,uint8)", u256(0x66), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_left_larger_type)
{
    // This basically tests proper cleanup and conversion. It should not convert x to int8.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (int8) {
                uint8 x = 254;
                int8 y = 1;
                return y << x;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_left_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint) {
                a <<= b;
                return a;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0x426600)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(0x42660000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(0x84cc0000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(240)), fromHex("4266000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(256)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_left_assignment_different_type)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint a, uint8 b) public returns (uint) {
                a <<= b;
                return a;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint8)", u256(0x4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint8)", u256(0x4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0x426600)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint8)", u256(0x4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(0x42660000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint8)", u256(0x4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(0x84cc0000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint8)", u256(0x4266), u256(240)), fromHex("4266000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint) {
                return a >> b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0x42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(1)<<255, u256(5)), encodeArgs(u256(1)<<250));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_garbled)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint8 a, uint8 b) public returns (uint) {
                assembly {
                    a := 0xffffffff
                }
                // Higher bits should be cleared before the shift
                return a >> b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(0xf)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(0x1004)), encodeArgs(u256(0xf)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_garbled_signed)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f(int8 a, uint8 b) public returns (int) {
                    assembly {
                        a := 0xfffffff0
                    }
                    // Higher bits should be signextended before the shift
                    return a >> b;
                }
                function g(int8 a, uint8 b) public returns (int) {
                    assembly {
                        a := 0xf0
                    }
                    // Higher bits should be signextended before the shift
                    return a >> b;
                }
            }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(-2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(0xFF)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(0x1003)), encodeArgs(u256(-2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(0x1004)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(3)), encodeArgs(u256(-2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(0xFF)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(0x1003)), encodeArgs(u256(-2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(int8,uint8)", u256(0x0), u256(0x1004)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_uint32)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint32 a, uint32 b) public returns (uint) {
                return a >> b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint32,uint32)", u256(0x4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint32,uint32)", u256(0x4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0x42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint32,uint32)", u256(0x4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint32,uint32)", u256(0x4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_uint8)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint8 a, uint8 b) public returns (uint) {
                return a >> b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint8,uint8)", u256(0x66), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x66)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint8,uint8)", u256(0x66), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0x0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint) {
                a >>= b;
                return a;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0x42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256,uint256)", u256(0x4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_assignment_signed)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f(int a, int b) public returns (int) {
                    a >>= b;
                    return a;
                }
            }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(0x4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(0x4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(0x4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(0x42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(0x4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(0x4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_negative_lvalue)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(int a, int b) public returns (int) {
                return a >> b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-2133)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-17)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-4267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-2134)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-17)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_negative_literal)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f1() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4266 >> 0) == -4266;
                }
                function f2() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4266 >> 1) == -2133;
                }
                function f3() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4266 >> 4) == -267;
                }
                function f4() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4266 >> 8) == -17;
                }
                function f5() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4266 >> 16) == -1;
                }
                function f6() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4266 >> 17) == -1;
                }
                function g1() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4267 >> 0) == -4267;
                }
                function g2() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4267 >> 1) == -2134;
                }
                function g3() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4267 >> 4) == -267;
                }
                function g4() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4267 >> 8) == -17;
                }
                function g5() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4267 >> 16) == -1;
                }
                function g6() public pure returns (bool) {
                    return (-4267 >> 17) == -1;
                }
            }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f3()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f4()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f5()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f6()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g1()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g2()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g3()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g4()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g5()"), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g6()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_negative_lvalue_int8)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f(int8 a, int8 b) public returns (int) {
                    return a >> b;
                }
            }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-66), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-66)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-66), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-33)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-66), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-5)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-66), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-66), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-66), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-67), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-67)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-67), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-34)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-67), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-5)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-67), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-67), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(-67), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_negative_lvalue_signextend_int8)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f(int8 a, int8 b) public returns (int8) {
                    return a >> b;
                }
            }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(0x99u), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-103)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(0x99u), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-52)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(0x99u), u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(-26)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(0x99u), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int8,int8)", u256(0x99u), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_negative_lvalue_signextend_int16)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f(int16 a, int16 b) public returns (int16) {
                    return a >> b;
                }
            }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(0xFF99u), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-103)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(0xFF99u), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-52)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(0xFF99u), u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(-26)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(0xFF99u), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(0xFF99u), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_negative_lvalue_signextend_int32)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f(int32 a, int32 b) public returns (int32) {
                    return a >> b;
                }
            }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(0xFFFFFF99u), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-103)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(0xFFFFFF99u), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-52)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(0xFFFFFF99u), u256(2)), encodeArgs(u256(-26)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(0xFFFFFF99u), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-7)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(0xFFFFFF99u), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_negative_lvalue_int16)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f(int16 a, int16 b) public returns (int) {
                    return a >> b;
                }
            }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4266), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-2133)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4266), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-17)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4267), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-4267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4267), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-2134)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4267), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4267), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-17)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4267), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int16,int16)", u256(-4267), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_negative_lvalue_int32)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
            contract C {
                function f(int32 a, int32 b) public returns (int) {
                    return a >> b;
                }
            }
        )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4266), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-2133)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4266), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-17)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4267), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-4267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4267), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-2134)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4267), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4267), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-17)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4267), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int32,int32)", u256(-4267), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_right_negative_lvalue_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(int a, int b) public returns (int) {
                a >>= b;
                return a;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-4266)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-2133)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-17)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4266), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(0)), encodeArgs(u256(-4267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(1)), encodeArgs(u256(-2134)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(4)), encodeArgs(u256(-267)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(8)), encodeArgs(u256(-17)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(16)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(-4267), u256(17)), encodeArgs(u256(-1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_negative_rvalue)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(int a, int b) public returns (int) {
                return a << b;
            }
            function g(int a, int b) public returns (int) {
                return a >> b;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(1), u256(-1)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(int256,int256)", u256(1), u256(-1)), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_negative_rvalue_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(int a, int b) public returns (int) {
                a <<= b;
                return a;
            }
            function g(int a, int b) public returns (int) {
                a >>= b;
                return a;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(int256,int256)", u256(1), u256(-1)), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(int256,int256)", u256(1), u256(-1)), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_constant_left_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint a) {
                a = 0x42;
                a <<= 8;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x4200)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_constant_right_assignment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint a) {
                a = 0x4200;
                a >>= 8;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x42)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_cleanup)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint16 x) {
                x = 0xffff;
                x += 32;
                x <<= 8;
                x >>= 16;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_cleanup_garbled)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint8 x) {
                assembly {
                    x := 0xffff
                }
                x >>= 8;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_overflow)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function leftU(uint8 x, uint8 y) public returns (uint8) {
                return x << y;
            }
            function leftS(int8 x, int8 y) public returns (int8) {
                return x << y;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("leftU(uint8,uint8)", 255, 8), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("leftU(uint8,uint8)", 255, 1), encodeArgs(u256(254)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("leftU(uint8,uint8)", 255, 0), encodeArgs(u256(255)));

    // Result is -128 and output is sign-extended, not zero-padded.
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("leftS(int8,int8)", 1, 7), encodeArgs(u256(0) - 128));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("leftS(int8,int8)", 1, 6), encodeArgs(u256(64)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_bytes)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function left(bytes20 x, uint8 y) public returns (bytes20) {
                return x << y;
            }
            function right(bytes20 x, uint8 y) public returns (bytes20) {
                return x >> y;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("left(bytes20,uint8)", "12345678901234567890", 8 * 8), encodeArgs("901234567890" + string(8, 0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("right(bytes20,uint8)", "12345678901234567890", 8 * 8), encodeArgs(string(8, 0) + "123456789012"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(shift_bytes_cleanup)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function left(uint8 y) public returns (bytes20) {
                bytes20 x;
                assembly { x := "12345678901234567890abcde" }
                return x << y;
            }
            function right(uint8 y) public returns (bytes20) {
                bytes20 x;
                assembly { x := "12345678901234567890abcde" }
                return x >> y;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("left(uint8)", 8 * 8), encodeArgs("901234567890" + string(8, 0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("right(uint8)", 8 * 8), encodeArgs(string(8, 0) + "123456789012"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(exp_cleanup)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (uint8 x) {
                uint8 y = uint8(2) ** uint8(8);
                return 0 ** y;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(exp_cleanup_direct)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (uint8 x) {
                return uint8(0) ** uint8(uint8(2) ** uint8(8));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(exp_cleanup_nonzero_base)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (uint8 x) {
                return uint8(0x166) ** uint8(uint8(2) ** uint8(8));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(cleanup_in_compound_assign)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function test() public returns (uint, uint) {
                uint32 a = 0xffffffff;
                uint16 x = uint16(a);
                uint16 y = x;
                x /= 0x100;
                y = y / 0x100;
                return (x, y);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("test()"), encodeArgs(u256(0xff), u256(0xff)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inline_assembly_in_modifiers)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            modifier m {
                uint a = 1;
                assembly {
                    a := 2
                }
                if (a != 2)
                    revert();
                _;
            }
            function f() m public returns (bool) {
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(packed_storage_overflow)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint16 x = 0x1234;
            uint16 a = 0xffff;
            uint16 b;
            function f() public returns (uint, uint, uint, uint) {
                a++;
                uint c = b;
                delete b;
                a -= 2;
                return (x, c, b, a);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0x1234), u256(0), u256(0), u256(0xfffe)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(contracts_separated_with_comment)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C1 {}
        /**
        **/
        contract C2 {}
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C1");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C2");
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(include_creation_bytecode_only_once)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract D {
            bytes a = hex"1237651237125387136581271652831736512837126583171583712358126123765123712538713658127165283173651283712658317158371235812612376512371253871365812716528317365128371265831715837123581261237651237125387136581271652831736512837126583171583712358126";
            bytes b = hex"1237651237125327136581271252831736512837126583171383712358126123765125712538713658127165253173651283712658357158371235812612376512371a5387136581271652a317365128371265a317158371235812612a765123712538a13658127165a83173651283712a58317158371235a126";
            constructor(uint) public {}
        }
        contract Double {
            function f() public {
                new D(2);
            }
            function g() public {
                new D(3);
            }
        }
        contract Single {
            function f() public {
                new D(2);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_CHECK_LE(
        double(m_compiler.object("Double").bytecode.size()),
        1.1 * double(m_compiler.object("Single").bytecode.size())
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(recursive_structs)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            struct S {
                S[] x;
            }
            S sstorage;
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                S memory s;
                s.x = new S[](10);
                delete s;
                sstorage.x.length++;
                delete sstorage;
                return 1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(invalid_instruction)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public {
                assembly {
                    invalid()
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(assert_require)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public {
                assert(false);
            }
            function g(bool val) public returns (bool) {
                assert(val == true);
                return true;
            }
            function h(bool val) public returns (bool) {
                require(val);
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bool)", false), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g(bool)", true), encodeArgs(true));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h(bool)", false), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h(bool)", true), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(revert)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public a = 42;
            function f() public {
                a = 1;
                revert();
            }
            function g() public {
                a = 1;
                assembly {
                    revert(0, 0)
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(revert_with_cause)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract D {
            string constant msg1 = "test1234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
            string msg2 = "test1234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
            function f() public {
                revert("test123");
            }
            function g() public {
                revert("test1234567890123456789012345678901234567890");
            }
            function h() public {
                revert(msg1);
            }
            function i() public {
                revert(msg2);
            }
            function j() public {
                string memory msg3 = "test1234567890123456789012345678901234567890";
                revert(msg3);
            }
        }
        contract C {
            D d = new D();
            function forward(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bool success, bytes memory retval) {
                uint retsize;
                assembly {
                    success := call(not(0), target, 0, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                    retsize := returndatasize()
                }
                retval = new bytes(retsize);
                assembly {
                    returndatacopy(add(retval, 0x20), 0, returndatasize())
                }
            }
            function f() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
            function g() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
            function h() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
            function i() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
            function j() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    bool const haveReturndata = dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().supportsReturndata();
    bytes const errorSignature = bytes{0x08, 0xc3, 0x79, 0xa0};
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 7, "test123") + bytes(28, 0) : bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x84) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 44, "test1234567890123456789012345678901234567890") + bytes(28, 0): bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x84) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 44, "test1234567890123456789012345678901234567890") + bytes(28, 0): bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("i()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x84) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 44, "test1234567890123456789012345678901234567890") + bytes(28, 0): bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("j()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x84) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 44, "test1234567890123456789012345678901234567890") + bytes(28, 0): bytes());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(require_with_message)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract D {
            bool flag = false;
            string storageError = "abc";
            string constant constantError = "abc";
            function f(uint x) public {
                require(x > 7, "failed");
            }
            function g() public {
                // As a side-effect of internalFun, the flag will be set to true
                // (even if the condition is true),
                // but it will only throw in the next evaluation.
                bool flagCopy = flag;
                require(flagCopy == false, internalFun());
            }
            function internalFun() public returns (string memory) {
                flag = true;
                return "only on second run";
            }
            function h() public {
                require(false, storageError);
            }
            function i() public {
                require(false, constantError);
            }
            function j() public {
                string memory errMsg = "msg";
                require(false, errMsg);
            }
        }
        contract C {
            D d = new D();
            function forward(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bool success, bytes memory retval) {
                uint retsize;
                assembly {
                    success := call(not(0), target, 0, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                    retsize := returndatasize()
                }
                retval = new bytes(retsize);
                assembly {
                    returndatacopy(add(retval, 0x20), 0, returndatasize())
                }
            }
            function f(uint x) public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
            function g() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
            function h() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
            function i() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
            function j() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    bool const haveReturndata = dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().supportsReturndata();
    bytes const errorSignature = bytes{0x08, 0xc3, 0x79, 0xa0};
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", 8), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(1, 0x40, 0) : bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(uint256)", 5), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 6, "failed") + bytes(28, 0) : bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(1, 0x40, 0) : bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 18, "only on second run") + bytes(28, 0) : bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 3, "abc") + bytes(28, 0): bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("i()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 3, "abc") + bytes(28, 0): bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("j()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 3, "msg") + bytes(28, 0): bytes());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bubble_up_error_messages)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract D {
            function f() public {
                revert("message");
            }
            function g() public {
                this.f();
            }
        }
        contract C {
            D d = new D();
            function forward(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bool success, bytes memory retval) {
                uint retsize;
                assembly {
                    success := call(not(0), target, 0, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                    retsize := returndatasize()
                }
                retval = new bytes(retsize);
                assembly {
                    returndatacopy(add(retval, 0x20), 0, returndatasize())
                }
            }
            function f() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
            function g() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    bool const haveReturndata = dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().supportsReturndata();
    bytes const errorSignature = bytes{0x08, 0xc3, 0x79, 0xa0};
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 7, "message") + bytes(28, 0) : bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 7, "message") + bytes(28, 0) : bytes());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bubble_up_error_messages_through_transfer)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract D {
            function() external payable {
                revert("message");
            }
            function f() public {
                address(this).transfer(0);
            }
        }
        contract C {
            D d = new D();
            function forward(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bool success, bytes memory retval) {
                uint retsize;
                assembly {
                    success := call(not(0), target, 0, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                    retsize := returndatasize()
                }
                retval = new bytes(retsize);
                assembly {
                    returndatacopy(add(retval, 0x20), 0, returndatasize())
                }
            }
            function f() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    bool const haveReturndata = dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().supportsReturndata();
    bytes const errorSignature = bytes{0x08, 0xc3, 0x79, 0xa0};
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 7, "message") + bytes(28, 0) : bytes());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bubble_up_error_messages_through_create)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract E {
            constructor() public {
                revert("message");
            }
        }
        contract D {
            function f() public {
                E x = new E();
            }
        }
        contract C {
            D d = new D();
            function forward(address target, bytes memory data) internal returns (bool success, bytes memory retval) {
                uint retsize;
                assembly {
                    success := call(not(0), target, 0, add(data, 0x20), mload(data), 0, 0)
                    retsize := returndatasize()
                }
                retval = new bytes(retsize);
                assembly {
                    returndatacopy(add(retval, 0x20), 0, returndatasize())
                }
            }
            function f() public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                return forward(address(d), msg.data);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    bool const haveReturndata = dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().supportsReturndata();
    bytes const errorSignature = bytes{0x08, 0xc3, 0x79, 0xa0};
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), haveReturndata ? encodeArgs(0, 0x40, 0x64) + errorSignature + encodeArgs(0x20, 7, "message") + bytes(28, 0) : bytes());
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(negative_stack_height)
{
    // This code was causing negative stack height during code generation
    // because the stack height was not adjusted at the beginning of functions.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            mapping(uint => Invoice) public invoices;
            struct Invoice {
                uint AID;
                bool Aboola;
                bool Aboolc;
                bool exists;
            }
            function nredit(uint startindex) public pure returns(uint[500] memory CIDs, uint[500] memory dates, uint[500] memory RIDs, bool[500] memory Cboolas, uint[500] memory amounts){}
            function return500InvoicesByDates(uint begindate, uint enddate, uint startindex) public view returns(uint[500] memory AIDs, bool[500] memory Aboolas, uint[500] memory dates, bytes32[3][500] memory Abytesas, bytes32[3][500] memory bytesbs, bytes32[2][500] memory bytescs, uint[500] memory amounts, bool[500] memory Aboolbs, bool[500] memory Aboolcs){}
            function return500PaymentsByDates(uint begindate, uint enddate, uint startindex) public view returns(uint[500] memory BIDs, uint[500] memory dates, uint[500] memory RIDs, bool[500] memory Bboolas, bytes32[3][500] memory bytesbs,bytes32[2][500] memory bytescs, uint[500] memory amounts, bool[500] memory Bboolbs){}
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(literal_empty_string)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            bytes32 public x;
            uint public a;
            function f(bytes32 _x, uint _a) public {
                x = _x;
                a = _a;
            }
            function g() public {
                this.f("", 2);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("a()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(scientific_notation)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                return 2e10 wei;
            }
            function g() public returns (uint) {
                return 200e-2 wei;
            }
            function h() public returns (uint) {
                return 2.5e1;
            }
            function i() public returns (int) {
                return -2e10;
            }
            function j() public returns (int) {
                return -200e-2;
            }
            function k() public returns (int) {
                return -2.5e1;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(20000000000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(u256(2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(u256(25)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("i()"), encodeArgs(u256(-20000000000)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("j()"), encodeArgs(u256(-2)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("k()"), encodeArgs(u256(-25)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(interface_contract)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        interface I {
            event A();
            function f() external returns (bool);
            function() external payable;
        }

        contract A is I {
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                return g();
            }

            function g() public returns (bool) {
                return true;
            }

            function() external payable {
            }
        }

        contract C {
            function f(address payable _interfaceAddress) public returns (bool) {
                I i = I(_interfaceAddress);
                return i.f();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "A");
    u160 const recipient = m_contractAddress;
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(address)", recipient), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(keccak256_assembly)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (bytes32 ret) {
                assembly {
                    ret := keccak256(0, 0)
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), fromHex("0xc5d2460186f7233c927e7db2dcc703c0e500b653ca82273b7bfad8045d85a470"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(multi_modifiers)
{
    // This triggered a bug in some version because the variable in the modifier was not
    // unregistered correctly.
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public x;
            modifier m1 {
                address a1 = msg.sender;
                x++;
                _;
            }
            function f1() m1() public {
                x += 7;
            }
            function f2() m1() public {
                x += 3;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1()"), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(8)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2()"), bytes());
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("x()"), encodeArgs(u256(12)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(inlineasm_empty_let)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (uint a, uint b) {
                assembly {
                    let x
                    let y, z
                    a := x
                    b := z
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(0), u256(0)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bare_call_invalid_address)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"YY(
        contract C {
            /// Calling into non-existant account is successful (creates the account)
            function f() external returns (bool) {
                (bool success,) = address(0x4242).call("");
                return success;
            }
            function h() external returns (bool) {
                (bool success,) = address(0x4242).delegatecall("");
                return success;
            }
        }
    )YY";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));

    if (dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().hasStaticCall())
    {
        char const* sourceCode = R"YY(
            contract C {
                function f() external returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                    return address(0x4242).staticcall("");
                }
            }
        )YY";
        compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), 0x40, 0x00));
    }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bare_call_return_data)
{
    if (dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().supportsReturndata())
    {
        vector<string> calltypes = {"call", "delegatecall"};
        if (dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().hasStaticCall())
            calltypes.emplace_back("staticcall");
        for (string const& calltype: calltypes)
        {
            string sourceCode = R"DELIMITER(
                contract A {
                    constructor() public {
                    }
                    function return_bool() public pure returns(bool) {
                        return true;
                    }
                    function return_int32() public pure returns(int32) {
                        return -32;
                    }
                    function return_uint32() public pure returns(uint32) {
                        return 0x3232;
                    }
                    function return_int256() public pure returns(int256) {
                        return -256;
                    }
                    function return_uint256() public pure returns(uint256) {
                        return 0x256256;
                    }
                    function return_bytes4() public pure returns(bytes4) {
                        return 0xabcd0012;
                    }
                    function return_multi() public pure returns(bool, uint32, bytes4) {
                        return (false, 0x3232, 0xabcd0012);
                    }
                    function return_bytes() public pure returns(bytes memory b) {
                        b = new bytes(2);
                        b[0] = 0x42;
                        b[1] = 0x21;
                    }
                }
                contract C {
                    A addr;
                    constructor() public {
                        addr = new A();
                    }
                    function f(string memory signature) public returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                        return address(addr).)DELIMITER" + calltype + R"DELIMITER((abi.encodeWithSignature(signature));
                    }
                    function check_bool() external returns (bool) {
                        (bool success, bytes memory data) = f("return_bool()");
                        assert(success);
                        bool a = abi.decode(data, (bool));
                        assert(a);
                        return true;
                    }
                    function check_int32() external returns (bool) {
                        (bool success, bytes memory data) = f("return_int32()");
                        assert(success);
                        int32 a = abi.decode(data, (int32));
                        assert(a == -32);
                        return true;
                    }
                    function check_uint32() external returns (bool) {
                        (bool success, bytes memory data) = f("return_uint32()");
                        assert(success);
                        uint32 a = abi.decode(data, (uint32));
                        assert(a == 0x3232);
                        return true;
                    }
                    function check_int256() external returns (bool) {
                        (bool success, bytes memory data) = f("return_int256()");
                        assert(success);
                        int256 a = abi.decode(data, (int256));
                        assert(a == -256);
                        return true;
                    }
                    function check_uint256() external returns (bool) {
                        (bool success, bytes memory data) = f("return_uint256()");
                        assert(success);
                        uint256 a = abi.decode(data, (uint256));
                        assert(a == 0x256256);
                        return true;
                    }
                    function check_bytes4() external returns (bool) {
                        (bool success, bytes memory data) = f("return_bytes4()");
                        assert(success);
                        bytes4 a = abi.decode(data, (bytes4));
                        assert(a == 0xabcd0012);
                        return true;
                    }
                    function check_multi() external returns (bool) {
                        (bool success, bytes memory data) = f("return_multi()");
                        assert(success);
                        (bool a, uint32 b, bytes4 c) = abi.decode(data, (bool, uint32, bytes4));
                        assert(a == false && b == 0x3232 && c == 0xabcd0012);
                        return true;
                    }
                    function check_bytes() external returns (bool) {
                        (bool success, bytes memory data) = f("return_bytes()");
                        assert(success);
                        (bytes memory d) = abi.decode(data, (bytes));
                        assert(d.length == 2 && d[0] == 0x42 && d[1] == 0x21);
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            )DELIMITER";
            compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(string)", encodeDyn(string("return_bool()"))), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x20, true));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(string)", encodeDyn(string("return_int32()"))), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x20, u256(-32)));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(string)", encodeDyn(string("return_uint32()"))), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x20, u256(0x3232)));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(string)", encodeDyn(string("return_int256()"))), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x20, u256(-256)));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(string)", encodeDyn(string("return_uint256()"))), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x20, u256(0x256256)));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(string)", encodeDyn(string("return_bytes4()"))), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x20, u256(0xabcd0012) << (28*8)));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(string)", encodeDyn(string("return_multi()"))), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x60, false, u256(0x3232), u256(0xabcd0012) << (28*8)));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(string)", encodeDyn(string("return_bytes()"))), encodeArgs(true, 0x40, 0x60, 0x20, 0x02, encode(bytes{0x42,0x21}, false)));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check_bool()"), encodeArgs(true));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check_int32()"), encodeArgs(true));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check_uint32()"), encodeArgs(true));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check_int256()"), encodeArgs(true));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check_uint256()"), encodeArgs(true));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check_bytes4()"), encodeArgs(true));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check_multi()"), encodeArgs(true));
            ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("check_bytes()"), encodeArgs(true));
        }
    }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(delegatecall_return_value)
{
    if (dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().supportsReturndata())
    {
        char const* sourceCode = R"DELIMITER(
            contract C {
                uint value;
                function set(uint _value) external {
                    value = _value;
                }
                function get() external view returns (uint) {
                    return value;
                }
                function get_delegated() external returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                    return address(this).delegatecall(abi.encodeWithSignature("get()"));
                }
                function assert0() external view {
                    assert(value == 0);
                }
                function assert0_delegated() external returns (bool, bytes memory) {
                    return address(this).delegatecall(abi.encodeWithSignature("assert0()"));
                }
            }
        )DELIMITER";
        compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("assert0_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), 0x40, 0x00));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), 0x40, 0x20, 0x00));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs());
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("assert0_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(0), 0x40, 0x00));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), 0x40, 0x20, 1));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256)", u256(42)), encodeArgs());
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("assert0_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(0), 0x40, 0x00));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(1), 0x40, 0x20, 42));
    }
    else
    {
        char const* sourceCode = R"DELIMITER(
            contract C {
                uint value;
                function set(uint _value) external {
                    value = _value;
                }
                function get() external view returns (uint) {
                    return value;
                }
                function get_delegated() external returns (bool) {
                    (bool success,) = address(this).delegatecall(abi.encodeWithSignature("get()"));
                    return success;
                }
                function assert0() external view {
                    assert(value == 0);
                }
                function assert0_delegated() external returns (bool) {
                    (bool success,) = address(this).delegatecall(abi.encodeWithSignature("assert0()"));
                    return success;
                }
            }
        )DELIMITER";
        compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("assert0_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256)", u256(1)), encodeArgs());
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("assert0_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("set(uint256)", u256(42)), encodeArgs());
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get()"), encodeArgs(u256(42)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("assert0_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(0)));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("get_delegated()"), encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(function_types_sig)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public x;
            function f() public pure returns (bytes4) {
                return this.f.selector;
            }
            function g() public returns (bytes4) {
                function () pure external returns (bytes4) fun = this.f;
                return fun.selector;
            }
            function h() public returns (bytes4) {
                function () pure external returns (bytes4) fun = this.f;
                return fun.selector;
            }
            function i() public pure returns (bytes4) {
                return this.x.selector;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(asString(FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("f()")).asBytes())));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(asString(FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("f()")).asBytes())));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(asString(FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("f()")).asBytes())));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("i()"), encodeArgs(asString(FixedHash<4>(dev::keccak256("x()")).asBytes())));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(constant_string)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            bytes constant a = "\x03\x01\x02";
            bytes constant b = hex"030102";
            string constant c = "hello";
            function f() public returns (bytes memory) {
                return a;
            }
            function g() public returns (bytes memory) {
                return b;
            }
            function h() public returns (bytes memory) {
                return bytes(c);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeDyn(string("\x03\x01\x02")));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeDyn(string("\x03\x01\x02")));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeDyn(string("hello")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(address_overload_resolution)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function balance() public returns (uint) {
                return 1;
            }
            function transfer(uint amount) public returns (uint) {
                return amount;
            }
        }
        contract D {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                return (new C()).balance();
            }
            function g() public returns (uint) {
                return (new C()).transfer(5);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()") == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()") == encodeArgs(u256(5)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(snark)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
    library Pairing {
        struct G1Point {
            uint X;
            uint Y;
        }
        // Encoding of field elements is: X[0] * z + X[1]
        struct G2Point {
            uint[2] X;
            uint[2] Y;
        }

        /// @return the generator of G1
        function P1() internal returns (G1Point memory) {
            return G1Point(1, 2);
        }

        /// @return the generator of G2
        function P2() internal returns (G2Point memory) {
            return G2Point(
                [11559732032986387107991004021392285783925812861821192530917403151452391805634,
                 10857046999023057135944570762232829481370756359578518086990519993285655852781],
                [4082367875863433681332203403145435568316851327593401208105741076214120093531,
                 8495653923123431417604973247489272438418190587263600148770280649306958101930]
            );
        }

        /// @return the negation of p, i.e. p.add(p.negate()) should be zero.
        function negate(G1Point memory p) internal returns (G1Point memory) {
            // The prime q in the base field F_q for G1
            uint q = 21888242871839275222246405745257275088696311157297823662689037894645226208583;
            if (p.X == 0 && p.Y == 0)
                return G1Point(0, 0);
            return G1Point(p.X, q - (p.Y % q));
        }

        /// @return the sum of two points of G1
        function add(G1Point memory p1, G1Point memory p2) internal returns (G1Point memory r) {
            uint[4] memory input;
            input[0] = p1.X;
            input[1] = p1.Y;
            input[2] = p2.X;
            input[3] = p2.Y;
            bool success;
            assembly {
                success := call(sub(gas, 2000), 6, 0, input, 0xc0, r, 0x60)
                // Use "invalid" to make gas estimation work
                switch success case 0 { invalid() }
            }
            require(success);
        }

        /// @return the product of a point on G1 and a scalar, i.e.
        /// p == p.mul(1) and p.add(p) == p.mul(2) for all points p.
        function mul(G1Point memory p, uint s) internal returns (G1Point memory r) {
            uint[3] memory input;
            input[0] = p.X;
            input[1] = p.Y;
            input[2] = s;
            bool success;
            assembly {
                success := call(sub(gas, 2000), 7, 0, input, 0x80, r, 0x60)
                // Use "invalid" to make gas estimation work
                switch success case 0 { invalid() }
            }
            require(success);
        }

        /// @return the result of computing the pairing check
        /// e(p1[0], p2[0]) *  .... * e(p1[n], p2[n]) == 1
        /// For example pairing([P1(), P1().negate()], [P2(), P2()]) should
        /// return true.
        function pairing(G1Point[] memory p1, G2Point[] memory p2) internal returns (bool) {
            require(p1.length == p2.length);
            uint elements = p1.length;
            uint inputSize = p1.length * 6;
            uint[] memory input = new uint[](inputSize);
            for (uint i = 0; i < elements; i++)
            {
                input[i * 6 + 0] = p1[i].X;
                input[i * 6 + 1] = p1[i].Y;
                input[i * 6 + 2] = p2[i].X[0];
                input[i * 6 + 3] = p2[i].X[1];
                input[i * 6 + 4] = p2[i].Y[0];
                input[i * 6 + 5] = p2[i].Y[1];
            }
            uint[1] memory out;
            bool success;
            assembly {
                success := call(sub(gas, 2000), 8, 0, add(input, 0x20), mul(inputSize, 0x20), out, 0x20)
                // Use "invalid" to make gas estimation work
                switch success case 0 { invalid() }
            }
            require(success);
            return out[0] != 0;
        }
        function pairingProd2(G1Point memory a1, G2Point memory a2, G1Point memory b1, G2Point memory b2) internal returns (bool) {
            G1Point[] memory p1 = new G1Point[](2);
            G2Point[] memory p2 = new G2Point[](2);
            p1[0] = a1;
            p1[1] = b1;
            p2[0] = a2;
            p2[1] = b2;
            return pairing(p1, p2);
        }
        function pairingProd3(
                G1Point memory a1, G2Point memory a2,
                G1Point memory b1, G2Point memory b2,
                G1Point memory c1, G2Point memory c2
        ) internal returns (bool) {
            G1Point[] memory p1 = new G1Point[](3);
            G2Point[] memory p2 = new G2Point[](3);
            p1[0] = a1;
            p1[1] = b1;
            p1[2] = c1;
            p2[0] = a2;
            p2[1] = b2;
            p2[2] = c2;
            return pairing(p1, p2);
        }
        function pairingProd4(
                G1Point memory a1, G2Point memory a2,
                G1Point memory b1, G2Point memory b2,
                G1Point memory c1, G2Point memory c2,
                G1Point memory d1, G2Point memory d2
        ) internal returns (bool) {
            G1Point[] memory p1 = new G1Point[](4);
            G2Point[] memory p2 = new G2Point[](4);
            p1[0] = a1;
            p1[1] = b1;
            p1[2] = c1;
            p1[3] = d1;
            p2[0] = a2;
            p2[1] = b2;
            p2[2] = c2;
            p2[3] = d2;
            return pairing(p1, p2);
        }
    }

    contract Test {
        using Pairing for *;
        struct VerifyingKey {
            Pairing.G2Point A;
            Pairing.G1Point B;
            Pairing.G2Point C;
            Pairing.G2Point gamma;
            Pairing.G1Point gammaBeta1;
            Pairing.G2Point gammaBeta2;
            Pairing.G2Point Z;
            Pairing.G1Point[] IC;
        }
        struct Proof {
            Pairing.G1Point A;
            Pairing.G1Point A_p;
            Pairing.G2Point B;
            Pairing.G1Point B_p;
            Pairing.G1Point C;
            Pairing.G1Point C_p;
            Pairing.G1Point K;
            Pairing.G1Point H;
        }
        function f() public returns (bool) {
            Pairing.G1Point memory p1;
            Pairing.G1Point memory p2;
            p1.X = 1; p1.Y = 2;
            p2.X = 1; p2.Y = 2;
            Pairing.G1Point memory explict_sum = Pairing.add(p1, p2);
            Pairing.G1Point memory scalar_prod = Pairing.mul(p1, 2);
            return (explict_sum.X == scalar_prod.X &&
                    explict_sum.Y == scalar_prod.Y);
        }
        function g() public returns (bool) {
            Pairing.G1Point memory x = Pairing.add(Pairing.P1(), Pairing.negate(Pairing.P1()));
            // should be zero
            return (x.X == 0 && x.Y == 0);
        }
        function testMul() public returns (bool) {
            Pairing.G1Point memory p;
            // @TODO The points here are reported to be not well-formed
            p.X = 14125296762497065001182820090155008161146766663259912659363835465243039841726;
            p.Y = 16229134936871442251132173501211935676986397196799085184804749187146857848057;
            p = Pairing.mul(p, 13986731495506593864492662381614386532349950841221768152838255933892789078521);
            return
                p.X == 18256332256630856740336504687838346961237861778318632856900758565550522381207 &&
                p.Y == 6976682127058094634733239494758371323697222088503263230319702770853579280803;
        }
        function pair() public returns (bool) {
            Pairing.G2Point memory fiveTimesP2 = Pairing.G2Point(
                [4540444681147253467785307942530223364530218361853237193970751657229138047649, 20954117799226682825035885491234530437475518021362091509513177301640194298072],
                [11631839690097995216017572651900167465857396346217730511548857041925508482915, 21508930868448350162258892668132814424284302804699005394342512102884055673846]
            );
            // The prime p in the base field F_p for G1
            uint p = 21888242871839275222246405745257275088696311157297823662689037894645226208583;
            Pairing.G1Point[] memory g1points = new Pairing.G1Point[](2);
            Pairing.G2Point[] memory g2points = new Pairing.G2Point[](2);
            // check e(5 P1, P2)e(-P1, 5 P2) == 1
            g1points[0] = Pairing.P1().mul(5);
            g1points[1] = Pairing.P1().negate();
            g2points[0] = Pairing.P2();
            g2points[1] = fiveTimesP2;
            if (!Pairing.pairing(g1points, g2points))
                return false;
            // check e(P1, P2)e(-P1, P2) == 1
            g1points[0] = Pairing.P1();
            g1points[1] = Pairing.P1();
            g1points[1].Y = p - g1points[1].Y;
            g2points[0] = Pairing.P2();
            g2points[1] = Pairing.P2();
            if (!Pairing.pairing(g1points, g2points))
                return false;
            return true;
        }
        function verifyingKey() internal returns (VerifyingKey memory vk) {
            vk.A = Pairing.G2Point([0x209dd15ebff5d46c4bd888e51a93cf99a7329636c63514396b4a452003a35bf7, 0x04bf11ca01483bfa8b34b43561848d28905960114c8ac04049af4b6315a41678], [0x2bb8324af6cfc93537a2ad1a445cfd0ca2a71acd7ac41fadbf933c2a51be344d, 0x120a2a4cf30c1bf9845f20c6fe39e07ea2cce61f0c9bb048165fe5e4de877550]);
            vk.B = Pairing.G1Point(0x2eca0c7238bf16e83e7a1e6c5d49540685ff51380f309842a98561558019fc02, 0x03d3260361bb8451de5ff5ecd17f010ff22f5c31cdf184e9020b06fa5997db84);
            vk.C = Pairing.G2Point([0x2e89718ad33c8bed92e210e81d1853435399a271913a6520736a4729cf0d51eb, 0x01a9e2ffa2e92599b68e44de5bcf354fa2642bd4f26b259daa6f7ce3ed57aeb3], [0x14a9a87b789a58af499b314e13c3d65bede56c07ea2d418d6874857b70763713, 0x178fb49a2d6cd347dc58973ff49613a20757d0fcc22079f9abd10c3baee24590]);
            vk.gamma = Pairing.G2Point([0x25f83c8b6ab9de74e7da488ef02645c5a16a6652c3c71a15dc37fe3a5dcb7cb1, 0x22acdedd6308e3bb230d226d16a105295f523a8a02bfc5e8bd2da135ac4c245d], [0x065bbad92e7c4e31bf3757f1fe7362a63fbfee50e7dc68da116e67d600d9bf68, 0x06d302580dc0661002994e7cd3a7f224e7ddc27802777486bf80f40e4ca3cfdb]);
            vk.gammaBeta1 = Pairing.G1Point(0x15794ab061441e51d01e94640b7e3084a07e02c78cf3103c542bc5b298669f21, 0x14db745c6780e9df549864cec19c2daf4531f6ec0c89cc1c7436cc4d8d300c6d);
            vk.gammaBeta2 = Pairing.G2Point([0x1f39e4e4afc4bc74790a4a028aff2c3d2538731fb755edefd8cb48d6ea589b5e, 0x283f150794b6736f670d6a1033f9b46c6f5204f50813eb85c8dc4b59db1c5d39], [0x140d97ee4d2b36d99bc49974d18ecca3e7ad51011956051b464d9e27d46cc25e, 0x0764bb98575bd466d32db7b15f582b2d5c452b36aa394b789366e5e3ca5aabd4]);
            vk.Z = Pairing.G2Point([0x217cee0a9ad79a4493b5253e2e4e3a39fc2df38419f230d341f60cb064a0ac29, 0x0a3d76f140db8418ba512272381446eb73958670f00cf46f1d9e64cba057b53c], [0x26f64a8ec70387a13e41430ed3ee4a7db2059cc5fc13c067194bcc0cb49a9855, 0x2fd72bd9edb657346127da132e5b82ab908f5816c826acb499e22f2412d1a2d7]);
            vk.IC = new Pairing.G1Point[](10);
            vk.IC[0] = Pairing.G1Point(0x0aee46a7ea6e80a3675026dfa84019deee2a2dedb1bbe11d7fe124cb3efb4b5a, 0x044747b6e9176e13ede3a4dfd0d33ccca6321b9acd23bf3683a60adc0366ebaf);
            vk.IC[1] = Pairing.G1Point(0x1e39e9f0f91fa7ff8047ffd90de08785777fe61c0e3434e728fce4cf35047ddc, 0x2e0b64d75ebfa86d7f8f8e08abbe2e7ae6e0a1c0b34d028f19fa56e9450527cb);
            vk.IC[2] = Pairing.G1Point(0x1c36e713d4d54e3a9644dffca1fc524be4868f66572516025a61ca542539d43f, 0x042dcc4525b82dfb242b09cb21909d5c22643dcdbe98c4d082cc2877e96b24db);
            vk.IC[3] = Pairing.G1Point(0x17d5d09b4146424bff7e6fb01487c477bbfcd0cdbbc92d5d6457aae0b6717cc5, 0x02b5636903efbf46db9235bbe74045d21c138897fda32e079040db1a16c1a7a1);
            vk.IC[4] = Pairing.G1Point(0x0f103f14a584d4203c27c26155b2c955f8dfa816980b24ba824e1972d6486a5d, 0x0c4165133b9f5be17c804203af781bcf168da7386620479f9b885ecbcd27b17b);
            vk.IC[5] = Pairing.G1Point(0x232063b584fb76c8d07995bee3a38fa7565405f3549c6a918ddaa90ab971e7f8, 0x2ac9b135a81d96425c92d02296322ad56ffb16299633233e4880f95aafa7fda7);
            vk.IC[6] = Pairing.G1Point(0x09b54f111d3b2d1b2fe1ae9669b3db3d7bf93b70f00647e65c849275de6dc7fe, 0x18b2e77c63a3e400d6d1f1fbc6e1a1167bbca603d34d03edea231eb0ab7b14b4);
            vk.IC[7] = Pairing.G1Point(0x0c54b42137b67cc268cbb53ac62b00ecead23984092b494a88befe58445a244a, 0x18e3723d37fae9262d58b548a0575f59d9c3266db7afb4d5739555837f6b8b3e);
            vk.IC[8] = Pairing.G1Point(0x0a6de0e2240aa253f46ce0da883b61976e3588146e01c9d8976548c145fe6e4a, 0x04fbaa3a4aed4bb77f30ebb07a3ec1c7d77a7f2edd75636babfeff97b1ea686e);
            vk.IC[9] = Pairing.G1Point(0x111e2e2a5f8828f80ddad08f9f74db56dac1cc16c1cb278036f79a84cf7a116f, 0x1d7d62e192b219b9808faa906c5ced871788f6339e8d91b83ac1343e20a16b30);
        }
        function verify(uint[] memory input, Proof memory proof) internal returns (uint) {
            VerifyingKey memory vk = verifyingKey();
            require(input.length + 1 == vk.IC.length);
            // Compute the linear combination vk_x
            Pairing.G1Point memory vk_x = Pairing.G1Point(0, 0);
            for (uint i = 0; i < input.length; i++)
                vk_x = Pairing.add(vk_x, Pairing.mul(vk.IC[i + 1], input[i]));
            vk_x = Pairing.add(vk_x, vk.IC[0]);
            if (!Pairing.pairingProd2(proof.A, vk.A, Pairing.negate(proof.A_p), Pairing.P2())) return 1;
            if (!Pairing.pairingProd2(vk.B, proof.B, Pairing.negate(proof.B_p), Pairing.P2())) return 2;
            if (!Pairing.pairingProd2(proof.C, vk.C, Pairing.negate(proof.C_p), Pairing.P2())) return 3;
            if (!Pairing.pairingProd3(
                proof.K, vk.gamma,
                Pairing.negate(Pairing.add(vk_x, Pairing.add(proof.A, proof.C))), vk.gammaBeta2,
                Pairing.negate(vk.gammaBeta1), proof.B
            )) return 4;
            if (!Pairing.pairingProd3(
                    Pairing.add(vk_x, proof.A), proof.B,
                    Pairing.negate(proof.H), vk.Z,
                    Pairing.negate(proof.C), Pairing.P2()
            )) return 5;
            return 0;
        }
        event Verified(string);
        function verifyTx() public returns (bool) {
            uint[] memory input = new uint[](9);
            Proof memory proof;
            proof.A = Pairing.G1Point(12873740738727497448187997291915224677121726020054032516825496230827252793177, 21804419174137094775122804775419507726154084057848719988004616848382402162497);
            proof.A_p = Pairing.G1Point(7742452358972543465462254569134860944739929848367563713587808717088650354556, 7324522103398787664095385319014038380128814213034709026832529060148225837366);
            proof.B = Pairing.G2Point(
                [8176651290984905087450403379100573157708110416512446269839297438960217797614, 15588556568726919713003060429893850972163943674590384915350025440408631945055],
                [15347511022514187557142999444367533883366476794364262773195059233657571533367, 4265071979090628150845437155927259896060451682253086069461962693761322642015]);
            proof.B_p = Pairing.G1Point(2979746655438963305714517285593753729335852012083057917022078236006592638393, 6470627481646078059765266161088786576504622012540639992486470834383274712950);
            proof.C = Pairing.G1Point(6851077925310461602867742977619883934042581405263014789956638244065803308498, 10336382210592135525880811046708757754106524561907815205241508542912494488506);
            proof.C_p = Pairing.G1Point(12491625890066296859584468664467427202390981822868257437245835716136010795448, 13818492518017455361318553880921248537817650587494176379915981090396574171686);
            proof.H = Pairing.G1Point(12091046215835229523641173286701717671667447745509192321596954139357866668225, 14446807589950902476683545679847436767890904443411534435294953056557941441758);
            proof.K = Pairing.G1Point(21341087976609916409401737322664290631992568431163400450267978471171152600502, 2942165230690572858696920423896381470344658299915828986338281196715687693170);
            input[0] = 13986731495506593864492662381614386532349950841221768152838255933892789078521;
            input[1] = 622860516154313070522697309645122400675542217310916019527100517240519630053;
            input[2] = 11094488463398718754251685950409355128550342438297986977413505294941943071569;
            input[3] = 6627643779954497813586310325594578844876646808666478625705401786271515864467;
            input[4] = 2957286918163151606545409668133310005545945782087581890025685458369200827463;
            input[5] = 1384290496819542862903939282897996566903332587607290986044945365745128311081;
            input[6] = 5613571677741714971687805233468747950848449704454346829971683826953541367271;
            input[7] = 9643208548031422463313148630985736896287522941726746581856185889848792022807;
            input[8] = 18066496933330839731877828156604;
            if (verify(input, proof) == 0) {
                emit Verified("Transaction successfully verified.");
                return true;
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }

    }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Pairing");
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "Test", bytes(), map<string, Address>{{"Pairing", m_contractAddress}});
    // Disabled because the point seems to be not well-formed, we need to find another example.
    //BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("testMul()") == encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()") == encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()") == encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("pair()") == encodeArgs(true));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("verifyTx()") == encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f0() public returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encode();
            }
            function f1() public returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encode(1, 2);
            }
            function f2() public returns (bytes memory) {
                string memory x = "abc";
                return abi.encode(1, x, 2);
            }
            function f3() public returns (bytes memory r) {
                // test that memory is properly allocated
                string memory x = "abc";
                r = abi.encode(1, x, 2);
                bytes memory y = "def";
                require(y[0] == "d");
                y[0] = "e";
                require(y[0] == "e");
            }
            function f4() public returns (bytes memory) {
                bytes4 x = "abcd";
                return abi.encode(bytes2(x));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f0()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0x40, 1, 2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0xa0, 1, 0x60, 2, 3, "abc"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f3()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0xa0, 1, 0x60, 2, 3, "abc"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f4()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0x20, "ab"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            struct S { uint a; uint[] b; }
            function f0() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encode();
            }
            function f1() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encode(1, 2);
            }
            function f2() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                string memory x = "abc";
                return abi.encode(1, x, 2);
            }
            function f3() public pure returns (bytes memory r) {
                // test that memory is properly allocated
                string memory x = "abc";
                r = abi.encode(1, x, 2);
                bytes memory y = "def";
                require(y[0] == "d");
                y[0] = "e";
                require(y[0] == "e");
            }
            S s;
            function f4() public returns (bytes memory r) {
                string memory x = "abc";
                s.a = 7;
                s.b.push(2);
                s.b.push(3);
                r = abi.encode(1, x, s, 2);
                bytes memory y = "def";
                require(y[0] == "d");
                y[0] = "e";
                require(y[0] == "e");
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f0()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0x40, 1, 2));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0xa0, 1, 0x60, 2, 3, "abc"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f3()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0xa0, 1, 0x60, 2, 3, "abc"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f4()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0x160, 1, 0x80, 0xc0, 2, 3, "abc", 7, 0x40, 2, 2, 3));
}


BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encodePacked)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f0() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encodePacked();
            }
            function f1() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encodePacked(uint8(1), uint8(2));
            }
            function f2() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                string memory x = "abc";
                return abi.encodePacked(uint8(1), x, uint8(2));
            }
            function f3() public pure returns (bytes memory r) {
                // test that memory is properly allocated
                string memory x = "abc";
                r = abi.encodePacked(uint8(1), x, uint8(2));
                bytes memory y = "def";
                require(y[0] == "d");
                y[0] = "e";
                require(y[0] == "e");
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f0()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 0));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 2, "\x01\x02"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 5, "\x01" "abc" "\x02"));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f3()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 5, "\x01" "abc" "\x02"));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_with_selector)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f0() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encodeWithSelector(0x12345678);
            }
            function f1() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encodeWithSelector(0x12345678, "abc");
            }
            function f2() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                bytes4 x = 0x12345678;
                return abi.encodeWithSelector(x, "abc");
            }
            function f3() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                bytes4 x = 0x12345678;
                return abi.encodeWithSelector(x, uint(-1));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f0()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 4, "\x12\x34\x56\x78"));
    bytes expectation;
    expectation = encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x60) + bytes{0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78} + encodeArgs(0x20, 3, "abc") + bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1()"), expectation);
    expectation = encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x60) + bytes{0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78} + encodeArgs(0x20, 3, "abc") + bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2()"), expectation);
    expectation = encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x20) + bytes{0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78} + encodeArgs(u256(-1)) + bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f3()"), expectation);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_with_selectorv2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            function f0() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encodeWithSelector(0x12345678);
            }
            function f1() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encodeWithSelector(0x12345678, "abc");
            }
            function f2() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                bytes4 x = 0x12345678;
                return abi.encodeWithSelector(x, "abc");
            }
            function f3() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                bytes4 x = 0x12345678;
                return abi.encodeWithSelector(x, uint(-1));
            }
            struct S { uint a; string b; uint16 c; }
            function f4() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                bytes4 x = 0x12345678;
                S memory s;
                s.a = 0x1234567;
                s.b = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit ethereum........";
                s.c = 0x1234;
                return abi.encodeWithSelector(x, uint(-1), s, uint(3));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f0()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 4, "\x12\x34\x56\x78"));
    bytes expectation;
    expectation = encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x60) + bytes{0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78} + encodeArgs(0x20, 3, "abc") + bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1()"), expectation);
    expectation = encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x60) + bytes{0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78} + encodeArgs(0x20, 3, "abc") + bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2()"), expectation);
    expectation = encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x20) + bytes{0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78} + encodeArgs(u256(-1)) + bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f3()"), expectation);
    expectation =
        encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x120) +
        bytes{0x12, 0x34, 0x56, 0x78} +
        encodeArgs(u256(-1), 0x60, u256(3), 0x1234567, 0x60, 0x1234, 38, "Lorem ipsum dolor sit ethereum........") +
        bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f4()"), expectation);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_with_signature)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"T(
        contract C {
            function f0() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encodeWithSignature("f(uint256)");
            }
            function f1() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                string memory x = "f(uint256)";
                return abi.encodeWithSignature(x, "abc");
            }
            string xstor;
            function f1s() public returns (bytes memory) {
                xstor = "f(uint256)";
                return abi.encodeWithSignature(xstor, "abc");
            }
            function f2() public pure returns (bytes memory r, uint[] memory ar) {
                string memory x = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.";
                uint[] memory y = new uint[](4);
                y[0] = uint(-1);
                y[1] = uint(-2);
                y[2] = uint(-3);
                y[3] = uint(-4);
                r = abi.encodeWithSignature(x, y);
                // The hash uses temporary memory. This allocation re-uses the memory
                // and should initialize it properly.
                ar = new uint[](2);
            }
        }
    )T";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f0()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 4, "\xb3\xde\x64\x8b"));
    bytes expectation;
    expectation = encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x60) + bytes{0xb3, 0xde, 0x64, 0x8b} + encodeArgs(0x20, 3, "abc") + bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1()"), expectation);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1s()"), expectation);
    expectation =
        encodeArgs(0x40, 0x140, 4 + 0xc0) +
        (bytes{0xe9, 0xc9, 0x21, 0xcd} + encodeArgs(0x20, 4, u256(-1), u256(-2), u256(-3), u256(-4)) + bytes(0x20 - 4)) +
        encodeArgs(2, 0, 0);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2()"), expectation);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_with_signaturev2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"T(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            function f0() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encodeWithSignature("f(uint256)");
            }
            function f1() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                string memory x = "f(uint256)";
                return abi.encodeWithSignature(x, "abc");
            }
            string xstor;
            function f1s() public returns (bytes memory) {
                xstor = "f(uint256)";
                return abi.encodeWithSignature(xstor, "abc");
            }
            function f2() public pure returns (bytes memory r, uint[] memory ar) {
                string memory x = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.";
                uint[] memory y = new uint[](4);
                y[0] = uint(-1);
                y[1] = uint(-2);
                y[2] = uint(-3);
                y[3] = uint(-4);
                r = abi.encodeWithSignature(x, y);
                // The hash uses temporary memory. This allocation re-uses the memory
                // and should initialize it properly.
                ar = new uint[](2);
            }
            struct S { uint a; string b; uint16 c; }
            function f4() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                bytes4 x = 0x12345678;
                S memory s;
                s.a = 0x1234567;
                s.b = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit ethereum........";
                s.c = 0x1234;
                return abi.encodeWithSignature(s.b, uint(-1), s, uint(3));
            }
        }
    )T";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f0()"), encodeArgs(0x20, 4, "\xb3\xde\x64\x8b"));
    bytes expectation;
    expectation = encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x60) + bytes{0xb3, 0xde, 0x64, 0x8b} + encodeArgs(0x20, 3, "abc") + bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1()"), expectation);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f1s()"), expectation);
    expectation =
        encodeArgs(0x40, 0x140, 4 + 0xc0) +
        (bytes{0xe9, 0xc9, 0x21, 0xcd} + encodeArgs(0x20, 4, u256(-1), u256(-2), u256(-3), u256(-4)) + bytes(0x20 - 4)) +
        encodeArgs(2, 0, 0);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f2()"), expectation);
    expectation =
        encodeArgs(0x20, 4 + 0x120) +
        bytes{0x7c, 0x79, 0x30, 0x02} +
        encodeArgs(u256(-1), 0x60, u256(3), 0x1234567, 0x60, 0x1234, 38, "Lorem ipsum dolor sit ethereum........") +
        bytes(0x20 - 4);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f4()"), expectation);
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_empty_string)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        // Tests that this will not end up using a "bytes0" type
        // (which would assert)
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (bytes memory, bytes memory) {
                return (abi.encode(""), abi.encodePacked(""));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(
        0x40, 0xc0,
        0x60, 0x20, 0x00, 0x00,
        0x00
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_empty_string_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        // Tests that this will not end up using a "bytes0" type
        // (which would assert)
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (bytes memory, bytes memory) {
                return (abi.encode(""), abi.encodePacked(""));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(
        0x40, 0xa0,
        0x40, 0x20, 0x00,
        0x00
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_rational)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        // Tests that rational numbers (even negative ones) are encoded properly.
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encode(1, -2);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(
        0x20,
        0x40, u256(1), u256(-2)
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_rational_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        // Tests that rational numbers (even negative ones) are encoded properly.
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (bytes memory) {
                return abi.encode(1, -2);
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(
        0x20,
        0x40, u256(1), u256(-2)
    ));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_call)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"T(
        contract C {
            bool x;
            function c(uint a, uint[] memory b) public {
                require(a == 5);
                require(b.length == 2);
                require(b[0] == 6);
                require(b[1] == 7);
                x = true;
            }
            function f() public returns (bool) {
                uint a = 5;
                uint[] memory b = new uint[](2);
                b[0] = 6;
                b[1] = 7;
                (bool success,) = address(this).call(abi.encodeWithSignature("c(uint256,uint256[])", a, b));
                require(success);
                return x;
            }
        }
    )T";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "C");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(staticcall_for_view_and_pure)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint x;
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                x = 3;
                return 1;
            }
        }
        interface CView {
            function f() view external returns (uint);
        }
        interface CPure {
            function f() pure external returns (uint);
        }
        contract D {
            function f() public returns (uint) {
                return (new C()).f();
            }
            function fview() public returns (uint) {
                return (CView(address(new C()))).f();
            }
            function fpure() public returns (uint) {
                return (CPure(address(new C()))).f();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    // This should work (called via CALL)
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(1));
    if (dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().hasStaticCall())
    {
        // These should throw (called via STATICCALL)
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fview()"), encodeArgs());
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fpure()"), encodeArgs());
    }
    else
    {
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fview()"), encodeArgs(1));
        ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("fpure()"), encodeArgs(1));
    }
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bitwise_shifting_constantinople)
{
    if (!dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().hasBitwiseShifting())
        return;
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function shl(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                assembly {
                    c := shl(b, a)
                }
            }
            function shr(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                assembly {
                    c := shr(b, a)
                }
            }
            function sar(uint a, uint b) public returns (uint c) {
                assembly {
                    c := sar(b, a)
                }
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shl(uint256,uint256)", u256(1), u256(2)) == encodeArgs(u256(4)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shl(uint256,uint256)", u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"), u256(1)) == encodeArgs(u256("0xfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffe")));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shl(uint256,uint256)", u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"), u256(256)) == encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shr(uint256,uint256)", u256(3), u256(1)) == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shr(uint256,uint256)", u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"), u256(1)) == encodeArgs(u256("0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff")));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shr(uint256,uint256)", u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"), u256(255)) == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shr(uint256,uint256)", u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"), u256(256)) == encodeArgs(u256(0)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("sar(uint256,uint256)", u256(3), u256(1)) == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("sar(uint256,uint256)", u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"), u256(1)) == encodeArgs(u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff")));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("sar(uint256,uint256)", u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"), u256(255)) == encodeArgs(u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff")));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("sar(uint256,uint256)", u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff"), u256(256)) == encodeArgs(u256("0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff")));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(bitwise_shifting_constants_constantinople)
{
    if (!dev::test::Options::get().evmVersion().hasBitwiseShifting())
        return;
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function shl_1() public returns (bool) {
                uint c;
                assembly {
                    c := shl(2, 1)
                }
                assert(c == 4);
                return true;
            }
            function shl_2() public returns (bool) {
                uint c;
                assembly {
                    c := shl(1, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
                }
                assert(c == 0xfffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffe);
                return true;
            }
            function shl_3() public returns (bool) {
                uint c;
                assembly {
                    c := shl(256, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
                }
                assert(c == 0);
                return true;
            }
            function shr_1() public returns (bool) {
                uint c;
                assembly {
                    c := shr(1, 3)
                }
                assert(c == 1);
                return true;
            }
            function shr_2() public returns (bool) {
                uint c;
                assembly {
                    c := shr(1, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
                }
                assert(c == 0x7fffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff);
                return true;
            }
            function shr_3() public returns (bool) {
                uint c;
                assembly {
                    c := shr(256, 0xffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff)
                }
                assert(c == 0);
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shl_1()") == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shl_2()") == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shl_3()") == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shr_1()") == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shr_2()") == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("shr_3()") == encodeArgs(u256(1)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(senders_balance)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f() public view returns (uint) {
                return msg.sender.balance;
            }
        }
        contract D {
            C c = new C();
            constructor() public payable { }
            function f() public view returns (uint) {
                return c.f();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 27, "D");
    BOOST_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()") == encodeArgs(u256(27)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_trivial)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(bytes memory data) public pure returns (uint) {
                return abi.decode(data, (uint));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bytes)", 0x20, 0x20, 33), encodeArgs(u256(33)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_encode_decode_simple)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"XX(
        contract C {
            function f() public pure returns (uint, bytes memory) {
                bytes memory arg = "abcdefg";
                return abi.decode(abi.encode(uint(33), arg), (uint, bytes));
            }
        }
    )XX";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f()"),
        encodeArgs(33, 0x40, 7, "abcdefg")
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_simple)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(bytes memory data) public pure returns (uint, bytes memory) {
                return abi.decode(data, (uint, bytes));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f(bytes)", 0x20, 0x20 * 4, 33, 0x40, 7, "abcdefg"),
        encodeArgs(33, 0x40, 7, "abcdefg")
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            struct S { uint a; uint[] b; }
            function f() public pure returns (S memory) {
                S memory s;
                s.a = 8;
                s.b = new uint[](3);
                s.b[0] = 9;
                s.b[1] = 10;
                s.b[2] = 11;
                return abi.decode(abi.encode(s), (S));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f()"),
        encodeArgs(0x20, 8, 0x40, 3, 9, 10, 11)
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_simple_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            bytes data;
            function f(bytes memory _data) public returns (uint, bytes memory) {
                data = _data;
                return abi.decode(data, (uint, bytes));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f(bytes)", 0x20, 0x20 * 4, 33, 0x40, 7, "abcdefg"),
        encodeArgs(33, 0x40, 7, "abcdefg")
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_v2_storage)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            bytes data;
            struct S { uint a; uint[] b; }
            function f() public returns (S memory) {
                S memory s;
                s.a = 8;
                s.b = new uint[](3);
                s.b[0] = 9;
                s.b[1] = 10;
                s.b[2] = 11;
                data = abi.encode(s);
                return abi.decode(data, (S));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f()"),
        encodeArgs(0x20, 8, 0x40, 3, 9, 10, 11)
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_calldata)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(bytes calldata data) external pure returns (uint, bytes memory r) {
                return abi.decode(data, (uint, bytes));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f(bytes)", 0x20, 0x20 * 4, 33, 0x40, 7, "abcdefg"),
        encodeArgs(33, 0x40, 7, "abcdefg")
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_v2_calldata)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            struct S { uint a; uint[] b; }
            function f(bytes calldata data) external pure returns (S memory) {
                return abi.decode(data, (S));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f(bytes)", 0x20, 0x20 * 7, 0x20, 33, 0x40, 3, 10, 11, 12),
        encodeArgs(0x20, 33, 0x40, 3, 10, 11, 12)
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_static_array)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(bytes calldata data) external pure returns (uint[2][3] memory) {
                return abi.decode(data, (uint[2][3]));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f(bytes)", 0x20, 6 * 0x20, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6),
        encodeArgs(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_static_array_v2)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        pragma experimental ABIEncoderV2;
        contract C {
            function f(bytes calldata data) external pure returns (uint[2][3] memory) {
                return abi.decode(data, (uint[2][3]));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f(bytes)", 0x20, 6 * 0x20, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6),
        encodeArgs(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(abi_decode_dynamic_array)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            function f(bytes calldata data) external pure returns (uint[] memory) {
                return abi.decode(data, (uint[]));
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(
        callContractFunction("f(bytes)", 0x20, 6 * 0x20, 0x20, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6),
        encodeArgs(0x20, 4, 3, 4, 5, 6)
    );
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(write_storage_external)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract C {
            uint public x;
            function f(uint y) public payable {
                x = y;
            }
            function g(uint y) external {
                x = y;
            }
            function h() public {
                this.g(12);
            }
        }
        contract D {
            C c = new C();
            function f() public payable returns (uint) {
                c.g(3);
                return c.x();
            }
            function g() public returns (uint) {
                c.g(8);
                return c.x();
            }
            function h() public returns (uint) {
                c.h();
                return c.x();
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode, 0, "D");
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(3));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("g()"), encodeArgs(8));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("h()"), encodeArgs(12));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(test_underscore_in_hex)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f(bool cond) public pure returns (uint) {
                uint32 x = 0x1234_ab;
                uint y = 0x1234_abcd_1234;
                return cond ? x : y;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", true), encodeArgs(u256(0x1234ab)));
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f(bool)", false), encodeArgs(u256(0x1234abcd1234)));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(flipping_sign_tests)
{
    char const* sourceCode = R"(
        contract test {
            function f() public returns (bool){
                int x = -2**255;
                assert(-x == x);
                return true;
            }
        }
    )";
    compileAndRun(sourceCode);
    ABI_CHECK(callContractFunction("f()"), encodeArgs(true));
}

BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()

}
}
} // end namespaces